定语从句与同位语从句的区别课件.ppt

1、1.I know the reason _ he came late for class.2.Do you know the old lady,_ son went to college last year?3.The house _ color is red is johns.whywhosewhose Practice:complete the sentences with suitable relatives.4.This is the best film _ Ive ever seen.5.Thats the town _ he worked in 1987.6.I have 2 br

2、others,_ are both soldiers.thatwherewho 7.I still remember my childhood,_ I had a good time with many friends.8.Ive tried 2 pairs of shoes,neither of _ fits me well.whenwhich定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句与同位语从句的区别一、从词类上区别一、从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thoug

3、ht,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等表示抽象意义的名词。而定等表示抽象意义的名词。而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。部分或整个主句。如：如：We are looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.我们正在调查的是他是否值得信赖的问题。我们正在调查的是他是否值得信赖的问题。Word came that he had gone abroad.据说他已经出国了。据说他已经出国了。（同位语从句）（同位语从句）（同位语从句）（

4、同位语从句）The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位医生在房间里面。你找的那位医生在房间里面。Our team has won the game,which makes us very happy.（定语从句，名词（定语从句，名词the doctor作先行词）作先行词）(定语从句，定语从句，which代表前面提到的整个句子代表前面提到的整个句子)His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习。他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习。（定语从句，代词

5、（定语从句，代词all作先行词）作先行词）二、从性质上区别二、从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如：释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如：The news that our team has won the game is true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。（同位语从句，补充说明（同位语从句，补充说明news的内容。）的内容。）The ne

6、ws(that)he told me yesterday is true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。有。(定语从句，定语从句，that 从句作定语修饰从句作定语修饰news)(同位语从句，补充说明同位语从句，补充说明promise)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.妈妈

7、做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺。妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺。(定语从句，定语从句，that从句作定语修饰从句作定语修饰promise)三、从引导词及其在句子中的成份上区别三、从引导词及其在句子中的成份上区别有些引导词如有些引导词如how,whether,what可以引可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。如导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。如:That question whether we need it has not been considered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。（同位语从句）（同位语从句）引导词引导词that引导定语从

8、句时，在从句中一引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语（指物时还可以用般作主语或宾语（指物时还可以用which代代替），并且作宾语时常常省略。替），并且作宾语时常常省略。That在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成份，并且不能省略，也不能用充当任何成份，并且不能省略，也不能用 which来代替。来代替。The order that we(should)send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.我们应派几个人去帮助别的几个小组的命我们应派几个人去帮助别的几个小组的命令昨天

9、已收到了。令昨天已收到了。（同位语从句，是对（同位语从句，是对order的具体解释，的具体解释，that虽不作成份，但不能省略）虽不作成份，但不能省略）The order(that)we received yesterday was that we(should)send a few people to help the other groups.我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。去帮助别的几个小组。（定语从句，是名词（定语从句，是名词order的修饰语，的修饰语，that 在从句中在从句中作作received的宾语，可以省略）的宾语，

10、可以省略）1.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether 从从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2.Luckily,wed brought a road map without_we would have lost our way.A.it B.that C.this D.which 3.There is a new problem involved

11、 in the popularity of private cars _road conditions need _.A.that;to be improved B.which;to be improved C.where;improving D.when;improving 5.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as 6.The fact came up _ specific spe

12、ech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A.what B.which C.that D.whose7.A decision was made _ those who wanted to get a job in the factory would not be allowed to stay.A.what B.when C.which D.that 8.The question came up at the meeting _we had enough money for our research.A.that

13、B.what C.which D.whether 9.The reason _ he is late is _ there was a breakdown on the railway.A.why;why B.why;that C.because;that D.that;because定语从句与强调句型的区别定语从句与强调句型的区别 强调句型的句式结构为：强调句型的句式结构为：“It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who从句从句”。在强调时在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用that，而不用而不用when,why或或how；在强调主语和宾

14、在强调主语和宾语时，如果主语和宾语指代人，则可用语时，如果主语和宾语指代人，则可用who和和whom来代替来代替that,但是从句中的人称和数但是从句中的人称和数要要与被强调的主语和宾语保持一致。这些都容与被强调的主语和宾语保持一致。这些都容易与定语从句混淆。易与定语从句混淆。定语从句和强调句型的判断方法：若将定语从句和强调句型的判断方法：若将句中的句中的“It is/was”和和“that/who”去掉，去掉，而句子不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强而句子不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句型；若句子结构不完整，则说明原句为调句型；若句子结构不完整，则说明原句为定语从句。定语从句。1.It w

15、as not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.(2019高考卷高考卷)A.while B.which C.that D.since 2._ was his kindness that everyone praised him.A.It B.What C.So D.Such 3.It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.(2000高考卷高考卷)A.one B.that C.what D.it 4.It was _ he

16、came to Macao _ he knew what kind of place it was.A.that;when B.until;that C.not until;when D.not until;that 5._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It 6.It was not until we came back from outside _ out of his bed.A.did he get B.when he got C

17、.that he got D.then he got 7.When was it _ you met him in the library?A.where B.that C.in which D.which 8.It was near the place _ there is a bomb _ we found the dead man.A.where;where B.where;that C.that;where D.that;that定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致 1、当关系代词作从句的主语时，那么、当关系代词作从句的主语时，那么从句的谓语必须与先行词保持一致。从句的谓语必须与先

18、行词保持一致。e.g.Last Sunday we visited a farm which is located in the suburbs of Hangzhou.Those who are present at the meeting are all lawyers.2、one of+名词后面的定语从句谓语用名词后面的定语从句谓语用复数复数；the(only)one+名词后面的定语名词后面的定语从句谓语用从句谓语用单数。单数。e.g.Jack is one of the journalists who know Russian but the only one who knows Fr

19、ench in our News Agency.3、主语是、主语是I，时态是一般现在时，谓语，时态是一般现在时，谓语be动词用动词用am.e.g.I,who am your close friend,will offer you a room for free Right now,in this poor area,_ the homeless children need is enough food.A.all what B.all that C.only what D.only that BChoose the best answer.2.The professor talked with

20、 us about the beautiful campus and friendly teachers _ they visited in the USA last week.A.which B.that C.who D.whomB3.Is this factory _ some American friends paid a visit to last week?A.that B.where C.in which D.the oneD4.He often helps the students _ he thinks are not good at their lessons.A.whom

21、B.who C.when D.becauseB5.I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,_ has a great effect on my life.A.that;which B.when;which C.which;that D.when;thatB6.Dr.Smith is a man of great patience,_ much can be learned.A.who B.from which C.from who D.from whomD7.He was very r

22、ude to the customs officer,_ of course made things even worse.A.who B.whom C.what D.whichD8.On the wall hung a picture,_ color is orange.A.whose B.of which C.which D.itsA9._ has already been pointed out,China will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.A.As B.It C.That D.Which A10.Keep away from such persons _ will do you no good.A.as B.that C.like D.who A Thank you