最新非谓语-不定式的用法课件.ppt
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1、非谓语非谓语-不定式的用法不定式的用法结构结构:to do (否定否定)not to do 二二.时态与语态时态与语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been doing to have been done-不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。To complete the 30 storied building in one year was quite a difficult task.To do
2、that implies taking responsibility.当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。而将不定式放到谓语的后面。It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages.三三.用法用法/功能功能(1)不定式做不定式做主语主语It做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:列结构中:a)It is形容词形容词(easy,important,diffic
3、ult,foolish,inconvenient,unnecessary,right,wrong.)(for/of sb.)不定式不定式 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve.It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.It is important for us young people to learn English and master it.b)It is名词名词(a pleasure,a pity,ones duty,an honor,a
4、shame,no easy job.)不定式不定式 It is a waste of time to read that kind of book.It is a pity to have to go without her.c)It takes(sb.)some time(hours,months,days,a lot of time,patience.)不定式不定式 It takes me three hours to learn English each day.It took them half the night to get home in the snow.(2)不定式作表语不定
5、式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作,主语常常是表不定式作表语常表示将来的动作,主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词,如示意向、打算、计划的词,如wish,idea,task,purpose,duty,job等。等。The most important thing for ones health is to have plenty of exercise.What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语:不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语:afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask
6、,attempt,beg,begin,choose,claim,demand,decide,desire,determine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,offer,plan,prepare pretend,promise,refuse,seek,want等。等。I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.3)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中:主语动词主语动词it形容词不定式。形容
7、词不定式。We found it impossible to get everything ready in time.I think it important to learn English well in college.使用这种句型的常见动词有:believe,consider,declare,feel,find,guess,imagine,prove,realize,suppose,think,等。等。(4)宾语补足语宾语补足语 He asked you to call him at ten oclock.The note reminds me to be careful whate
8、ver I do.Id never allow my children to behave like that.Jim told Li Ming to give his best wishes to everybody.注意:当不定式放在下列动词后面作宾语补语时,注意:当不定式放在下列动词后面作宾语补语时,不定式不带不定式不带to。常用口诀如下:五看三室(使)两厅(听)一感常用口诀如下:五看三室(使)两厅(听)一感觉觉五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三使三使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉 feelWhe
9、never something is wrong with you,please do let me know.I will have the students write a passage about Internet.It seemed so long before he heard the stone hit the water.不定式有时起形容词作用修饰名词或代词,在句中担任不定式有时起形容词作用修饰名词或代词,在句中担任定语。不定式作定语时,它的位置在它所修饰的名词或定语。不定式作定语时,它的位置在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。代词之后。Have you got anything to
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