(河南专用)中考英语复习专题一名词(试卷部分)课件.ppt

1、第一部分基础知识运用专题一 名词中考英语中考英语(河南专用)1.(2018河南,23)Its useless to regret what has been done.Dont make those mistakes again.I wont.Thats a(n).A.orderB.decisionC.promiseD.agreementA组 2014-2018年河南中考题组五年中考答案 C句意:后悔已经做过的事情是没有用的,不要再犯那些错误了。我不会了,这是一个承诺(我承诺)。本题考查名词词义辨析。A.订单,命令;B.决定;C.许诺;D.协定。根据句意可知“我发誓不再犯那些错误了”。2.(2

2、017河南,23)If you fight hard,know who you are,and are proud of who you are,youve got a good of winning.A.choiceB.chanceC.decisionD.direction答案 B句意:如果你努力拼搏,知道你是谁,而且你为自己感到骄傲,那么你就已经得到了获胜的机会。本题考查名词词义辨析。choice选择;chance机会;decision决定;direction方向。故选B项。3.(2016河南,22,)Are you going out with Jade tonight?Thats my

3、 .Mind your own!A.offerB.businessC.questionD.chance答案 B句意:你今晚要和Jade一起外出吗?那是我的事,管好你自己吧!本题考查名词辨析。offer提议;business归(某人)管的事;question问题;chance机会。根据“Mind your own!”可知选择B项。知识拓展Thats my business.那是我的事。Mind your own business!少管闲事!Its none of your business.这与你无关。4.(2015河南,22)Is this photo taken in Tibet?Yes.Y

4、ou can see beautiful snow mountains in the of the photo.A.formB.backgroundC.shapeD.introduction答案 B句意:这张照片是在西藏拍的吗?是的,你可以在照片的背景中看到美丽的雪山。本题考查名词词义辨析。form形式;background背景;shape形状;introduction介绍。根据句意可知选择B项。知识拓展in the background of以背景;in the form of以形式;in the shape of呈形状。5.(2014河南,22,)You may go to Milan f

5、or a free trip.Its a very kind ,but I really cant accept it.A.excuse B.offer C.promise D.decision答案 B句意:你可以免费去米兰旅游。这是一个非常好的提议,但我真的不能接受它。本题考查名词辨析。excuse借口;offer 提议;promise 承诺;decision决定。根据句意可知答案为B项。考点名词词义辨析B组 2014-2018年全国中考题组1.(2018福建,31)I dont know how to use the App Fun Dubbing.Ask Jimmy for help.H

6、e has lots of in doing it.A.experienceB.troubleC.courage答案 A句意:我不知道如何使用“英语趣配音”这个应用程序。找吉米帮忙吧,他在这方面有很多经验。experience“经历,经验”,trouble“困难,麻烦”,courage“勇气”。根据句意可知选A。2.(2018重庆,23)I have a bad cold.Sorry to hear that.Youd better go to see a at once.A.doctorB.cookC.writerD.farmer答案 A句意:我得了重感冒。听到这则消息(我)很难过。你最好马

7、上去看医生。本题考查名词的词义辨析。因为感冒了,所以要看医生,故选A。cook厨师;writer作家;farmer农民,均与题意不符。知识拓展go to see a doctor=go to hospital。3.(2018辽宁沈阳,1)Small cars are useful in cities with narrow .A.streetsB.cinemasC.squaresD.shops答案 A句意:小汽车在街道狭窄的城市里有用。本题考查名词。street街道;cinema电影院;square广场;shop商店。根据句意可知选A。4.(2018云南,23)I like the named

8、 The World of English very much.Me,too.I have read it for many years.A.gameB.programC.movieD.magazine答案 D句意:我非常喜欢那本叫作英语世界的杂志。我也是。我已经读了很多年。本题考查名词词义辨析。game游戏,比赛;program节目;movie电影;magazine杂志。根据The World of English可知,这是一本杂志的名字。故选D项。5.(2018河北,27)Did you hear the?A scientist will visit our school.A.advice

9、B.newsC.praiseD.choice答案 B句意:你听说那个消息了吗?一个科学家将参观我们的学校。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“建议”;B选项意为“新闻;消息”;C选项意为“表扬;赞扬”;D选项意为“选择”。由句意可知本题选择B。词汇拓展news意为“新闻;消息”,为不可数名词。其常见短语和谚语有:a piece of good news一条好消息;some bad news一些坏消息;No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。6.(2018湖北黄冈,26)Im thirsty,Mom.Id like something to drink.We only hav

10、e some in the fridge.A.orangesB.ice-creamC.juice D.cheese答案 C 句意:我渴了,妈妈。我想要一些喝的东西。我们的冰箱里只有一些果汁。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“橘子”;B选项意为“冰激凌”;C选项意为“果汁”;D选项意为“奶酪”。由句意可知本题选择C。7.(2018江苏南京,11)Do you have this T-shirt in a small?Im afraid not.It only comes in medium.A.size B.colour C.material D.taste答案 A句意:你有这件T恤衫的小号吗?

11、恐怕没有。它只有中号。本题考查名词词义辨析。size尺寸,大小;colour颜色;material材料;taste味道。根据答语中It only comes in medium.可知,此处询问衣服的大小,故选A项。8.(2018山西,25)Reading the first of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly.A.letterB.wordC.sentence 答案 C 句意:在你读整篇文章之前,先读一下每一段的第一句话,这可以帮助你快速了解(文章的)主要意思。本

12、题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“字母,信”;B选项意为“单词”;C选项意为“句子”。由句意可知本题选择C。思路分析由题干中的“helps you get the main idea quickly”可知,前文提到的内容应该是可以帮助你快速了解文章主要意思的,通常每一自然段的第一句话为本段的主旨句,故本题选sentence。9.(2018江西,32)I live near a big .It gets very noisy on match days.A.hospitalB.storeC.bankD.playground答案 D句意:我住在一个大操场附近。在比赛的日子里它变得很吵闹。本题考查名词

13、词义辨析。根据后句中的on match days可知,此处是操场(playground)。hospital医院;store商店;bank银行。思路分析选项要放在语境中来思考,句子的意思要符合逻辑。只有playground与noisy、match相符。10.(2018甘肃兰州,31)If the temperature is below 0,water will turn into in the open air.A.iceB.steamC.fogD.rain答案 A 句意:如果温度低于零摄氏度,在户外水会变成冰。本题考查名词辨析和生活常识。根据生活常识可知,设空处意思为“冰”,用ice,故选A

14、项。steam水蒸气;fog雾;rain雨,均与题意不符。11.(2018安徽,32)What is the of your excellent spoken English?Practice makes perfect!A.resultB.influenceC.dutyD.secret答案 D句意:你的口语极好,秘诀是什么?熟能生巧!本题考查名词词义辨析。re-sult 结果;influence影响;duty职责;secret秘诀。回答的是学习方法,故要问口语说得好的秘诀。知识拓展practice makes perfect是英语谚语,表示“熟能生巧”。考生要多掌握英语谚语,培养语感。如:n

15、o pain,no gain不劳则无获。12.(2017天津,24)Dont stand too close to North Americans.Youd better give them more personal .A.timeB.systemC.spaceD.pity答案 C句意:别站得离北美人太近。你最好给他们更多的私人空间。本题考查名词词义辨析。A项意为“时间”,B项意为“系统”,C项意为“空间”,D项意为“遗憾”。根据句意应选C项。13.(2017上海,32)Did the policeman give much on how to protect personal inform

16、ation?A.noteB.tipC.adviceD.book答案 C句意:那个警察给了很多关于怎样保护个人信息的建议吗?本题考查名词词义辨析。note为可数名词,意为“笔记,便条”;tip为可数名词,意为“小费,窍门”;advice为不可数名词,意为“建议”;book为可数名词,意为“书”。由本空前的much可知本空应填不可数名词,故本题选择C。14.(2017山西,22)You should look into his eyes when you talk to somebody.It shows your .A.shynessB.politenessC.quietness答案 B句意:当

17、你和某人交谈的时候,你应该看着他的眼睛。这体现出你的礼貌。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据常识可知,在与人交谈时,看着对方的眼睛是有礼貌的行为。shyness害羞,羞涩;quietness安静。15.(2017安徽,33)The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate.A.chanceB.habitC.questionD.price答案 A句意:新丝绸之路将给更多的国家提供一个交流的好机会。本题考查名词词义辨析。chance机会;habit习惯;question问题;price价格。16.(2017福建,29)N

18、owadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera.Thats true.Its an important part of Chinese .A.cultureB.inventionC.custom答案 A句意:现如今越来越多的外国人开始变得对京剧感兴趣。那是真的。它是中国文化的一个重要部分。本题考查名词辨析。culture意为“文化”;invention意为“发明”;custom意为“风俗”。根据句意可知本题选择A。17.(2017江西,30)Do you have any for tonight

19、 yet?Not yet.What about having a picnic on the beach?A.problemsB.newsC.plansD.rules答案 C句意:对于今晚你有什么计划吗?还没有。在海滩上野餐怎么样?本题考查名词词义辨析。problem问题;news新闻;plan计划;rule规则。根据语境可知,两人正在商量晚上的“计划”,故选C项。18.(2017辽宁沈阳,6)These light bulbs look the same,but their on the environment are dif-ferent.A.solutionsB.methodsC.eff

20、ectsD.secrets答案 C句意:这些灯泡看上去一样,但是它们对环境的影响是不同的。本题考查名词的词义辨析。solution解决方法;method方法;effect影响;secret秘密。effect与on搭配表示“对的影响”。19.(2017湖北武汉,36)I wonder if youve made a decision on the project,Eric.Not yet.I cant make it until I have first-hand on prices.A.newsB.knowledgeC.informationD.education答案 C句意:我想知道关于这个

21、项目你是否已经作出了决定,埃里克。还没有。直到我拥有第一手的价格信息才能决定。本题考查名词的词义辨析。news新闻;knowledge知识;information信息;education教育。根据句意可知选C项。20.(2017黑龙江哈尔滨,15)During the Spring Festival,people in Northern China usually eat as a traditional Chinese food.A.pizzaB.dumplingsC.hamburgers答案 B句意:在春节期间,中国北方的人们通常吃饺子,作为一种传统的中国食物。本题考查名词词义辨析。由句意

22、可知本题选择B。pizza意为“比萨饼”;hamburger意为“汉堡包”。21.(2017内蒙古呼和浩特,2)The boy didnt find much about the topic on that website.A.reportB.article C.informationD.story答案 C句意:这个男孩没有在那个网站上找到关于这个话题的许多信息。本题考查名词词义辨析。report意为“报告”;article意为“文章”;information意为“信息”;story意为“故事”。much修饰不可数名词,选项A、B、D均为可数名词,故排除。故本题选择C。22.(2017湖北黄冈

23、,28)Whats your prediction about the of our school basketball match next week?I am sure Class 8 will be the winner.A.teammateB.resultC.informationD.player答案 B句意:你对下周我们学校篮球比赛结果的预测是什么?我确信八班将会是获胜者。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“队友”;B选项意为“结果”;C选项意为“信息”;D选项意为“运动员”。根据句意可知本题选择B。23.(2016河北,29)Your is very helpful.I guess

24、Ill take it.A.secretB.adviceC.promiseD.purpose答案 B句意:你的建议非常有用。我想我会采纳它。本题考查名词辨析。secret秘密;ad-vice建议;promise承诺;purpose目的。根据句意可知答案为B项。24.(2016山西,16)During the next few days,I decide to have a good by taking a walk or see-ing a movie.I really need to relax.A.mealB.sleepC.rest答案 C句意:接下来的几天,我决定通过散步或看电影好好休息

25、一下。我真的需要放松。本题考查名词辨析。meal一顿饭;sleep睡眠;rest休息,have a good rest好好休息。根据句意可知答案为C项。25.(2016天津,26)Every year many foreign friends come to see the of Tianjin,such as Tian-jin Eye and the Haihe River.A.concertsB.playsC.cartoonsD.sights答案 D句意:每年有许多外国朋友来看天津的美景,例如天津之眼和海河。本题考查名词的词义辨析。concert音乐会;play戏剧;cartoon动画片;

26、sights风景。根据句意可知选择D项。26.(2016重庆,25)Its hot today.Have some ,please.No,thanks.Im not thirsty at all.A.waterB.potatoesC.breadD.cakes答案 A句意:今天很热,请喝点水吧。不,谢谢。我一点也不渴。本题考查名词辨析。由thirsty可知上文提到的应该是喝的东西,只有water符合语境。27.(2016安徽,32)Cathy has such a good that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year.A.

27、sleepB.ideaC.voiceD.time答案 C句意:Cathy有如此好的嗓音以至于她去年在歌唱比赛中得了许多奖。本题考查名词辨析。sleep睡眠;idea想法;voice 嗓音;time时间。根据句意可知答案为C项。28.(2015天津,24)In 1998,Liu Xiangs in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.A.ability B.trade C.electricityD.memory答案 A句意:在1998年,刘翔在跨栏赛跑方面所具备的能力被孙海平注意到。本题考查名词词义辨析。ability能力;trade贸易;electricit

28、y电;memory记忆。根据句意可知选择A项。29.(2015重庆,23)Dave really likes driving.I think being a is just right for him.A.doctorB.teacherC.farmerD.driver答案 D句意:Dave真的喜欢开车。我认为成为一名司机正适合他。考查名词词义辨析。doctor医生;teacher教师;farmer农民;driver司机,驾驶员。由likes driving可知应选D。30.(2015河北,29)Could you please take my picture?Here is my .A.pri

29、nterB.radioC.playerD.camera答案 D句意:你能给我照张相片吗?这是我的照相机。本题考查名词辨析。printer打印机;radio收音机;player 播放机;camera照相机。根据take my picture 可知答案为D项。31.(2015安徽,36,)How can I get some about the 2016 Olympic Games?Why not search the Internet?A.information B.experienceC.practice D.success答案 A句意:我怎样能得到一些有关2016年奥运会的信息呢?你为什么不

30、上网查一下呢?本题考查名词辨析。information信息;experience经验;practice练习;success成功。根据句意可知答案为A项。32.(2014湖北黄冈,31)What bowl of noodles would you like,small,medium or large?A large bowl of beef noodles,please.A.colorB.priceC.sizeD.kind答案 C句意:你想要小碗、中碗还是大碗的面条?请来一大碗牛肉面。本题考查名词词义辨析。color 颜色;price价钱;size大小,尺码;kind种类。根据问句中的“smal

31、l,medium or large”及答语中的“A large bowl of”可知应该选择C项。33.(2014福建福州,27)Jack,I have working out the math problem.Dont worry.Let me help you.A.funB.troubleC.experience答案 B 句意:杰克,算出这道数学题对我来说有困难。不用担心。让我帮你。本题考查名词辨析。fun乐趣;experience经历。have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难。根据句意可知答案为B项。34.(2014天津,22,)If you work harde

32、r,youll have another to play the violin at a concert.A.sleepB.chanceC.mistakeD.problem答案 B句意:如果你更加努力学习,你就会有再一次在音乐会上演奏小提琴的机会。本题考查名词辨析。sleep睡觉;mistake错误;problem问题。have a chance to do sth.有做某事的机会。根据句意可知选择B项。35.(2014重庆,22)Lily,could you please pass me the?I want to cut the apple.Sure,here you are.A.pen

33、B.pencil C.book D.knife答案 D句意:Lily,请你把刀递给我好吗?我想切苹果。当然可以,给你。本题考查名词辨析。根据题干中的“I want to cut the apple.”可知答案为D项。考点名词词义辨析考点名词词义辨析C组 教师专用题组1.(2018广东,32)The three upstairs are too small to have enough for a double bed.A.room,roomB.room,roomsC.rooms,roomD.rooms,rooms答案 C句意:楼上的三个房间都太小了,没有足够的空间放一张双人床。本题考查名词。r

34、oom意为“房间”时作可数名词,意为“空间”时作不可数名词,根据句意可知答案为C。知识拓展在英语中,部分名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但两者在意义上是不同的。如:experience作可数名词时,意为“经历”,作不可数名词时,意为“经验”;glass作可数名词时,意为“玻璃杯”,作不可数名词时,意为“玻璃”。2.(2018山东青岛,1)Could you please put some in my cup?Id like sweet coffee.A.sugarB.saltC.iceD.pepper答案 A句意:你能给我的杯里放点糖吗?我想要甜咖啡。本题考查名词词义辨析。sugar 糖

35、;salt 盐;ice 冰;pepper 胡椒粉。根据题意可知选A。3.(2018江苏苏州,6)The boy has been missing for five days and his parents are worried about his .A.attentionB.safetyC.actionD.growth答案 B句意:这个男孩已经失踪5天了,他的父母很担心他的安全。本题考查名词词义辨析。attention注意力;safety安全;action行动;growth成长。根据句意选B项。4.(2018山东潍坊,23)The Three Gorges Dam produces for

36、millions of people in China.A.electricityB.influenceC.transportD.technology答案 A句意:三峡大坝为中国数百万人供电。本题考查名词。electricity电;influence影响;transport运输;technology技术。三峡大坝是一个水力发电工程,故选A。5.(2018浙江温州,2)What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A.valueB.resultC.choiceD.decision答案 B句意:昨天晚上的足球

37、赛的结果是什么?AC米兰赢得了这次比赛。本题考查名词辨析。value价值;result结果;choice选择;decision决定。解题关键根据题干中“won the game”可知问话人想知道比赛的结果。6.(2018湖北武汉,36)Kate,Im going shopping.Anything to buy for you?Yes,that will save me a .A.handB.tripC.visitD.bill答案 B 句意:凯特,我要去购物。需要为你买些东西吗?是的,那将会省去我一趟行程。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“手”;B选项意为“旅行;行程”;C选项意为“参观;拜访

38、”;D选项意为“账单”。根据句意可知本题选择B。7.(2018新疆,28)Hurry up!Some and are on sale in the supermarket.A.tomato;eggB.tomatoes;egg C.tomatoes;eggsD.tomato;eggs 答案 C句意:快点儿!一些西红柿和鸡蛋正在超市打折销售。本题考查名词复数。tomato和egg为可数名词且由Some修饰,应用复数形式,故选C。8.(2018内蒙古包头,23)My teacher has given me useful suggestions and I want to thank him fro

39、m the of my heart.A.bottomB.conditionC.wayD.surface答案 A句意:我的老师给了我有用的建议,我想衷心地感谢他。from the bottom of ones heart 衷心地,符合语境,故选A项。condition 条件;way途径;surface表面。9.(2017云南,33)My father has made a that he will buy a camera for me.A.suggestionB.secretC.problemD.decision答案 D句意:我的父亲已经决定为我买一台照相机。本题考查名词的词义辨析。sugge

40、s-tion建议;secret秘密;decision决定;problem问题。根据语境可知,应该选择D项。10.(2017贵州贵阳,31)There is a in my neighborhood and I often go there to see tigers.A.zooB.bankC.school答案 A句意:我家附近有一个动物园,我经常去那儿看老虎。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据句中的tigers可知zoo(动物园)符合句意,故选A项。bank 银行;school学校,均不符合句意。11.(2017新疆乌鲁木齐,25)If you can speak English well,you w

41、ill have a great over others when looking for a job.A.activityB.articleC.attentionD.advantage答案 D句意:如果你英语讲得好,找工作时你就比别人有很大优势。本题考查名词词义辨析。activity活动;article文章;attention注意。have a great advantage over sb.比某人有很大的优势。12.(2017内蒙古包头,25)If you need further about our products,please surf theInternet.A.informati

42、onB.experienceC.practiceD.expression答案 A句意:如果你需要我们产品的更多信息,请上网搜索。本题考查名词词义辨析。in-formation 信息;experience 经验;practice 实践;expression 表达。根据句意选A。13.(2016江苏连云港,8)Its useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.Yes,its a major way of for them.A.suggestionB.vacationC.productionD.communication答案 D句意:学习手语

43、对于耳聋的人很有用。是的,这是他们的一种主要的交流方式。本题考查名词词义辨析。suggestion建议;vacation假期;production生产;communication交流,a major way of communication一种主要的交流方式,符合题意。故选D项。14.(2016山东青岛,2)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a .A.coughB.toothacheC.coldD.fever答案 D句意:Nancy量了量她的体温发现她发烧了。本题考查名词辨析。have a cough 咳嗽;have a toothach

44、e牙痛;have a cold 感冒;have a fever发烧。根据句意可知答案为D项。15.(2015福建龙岩,34)Excuse me,whats the of the apples?Its 10 yuan a kilo.A.priceB.sizeC.weight答案 A 句意:请问这些苹果的价格是多少?1千克10元。本题考查名词词义辨析。price 价格;size 尺寸;weight重量。根据语境可知答案为A项。16.(2015浙江温州,2)Annie has a ,and she is going to see her dentist today.A.coldB.feverC.co

45、ughD.toothache答案 D句意:Annie 牙疼,今天她打算去看她的牙医。本题考查名词辨析。colol感冒;fever发烧;cough咳嗽;toothache牙痛。根据dentist可知选D项。17.(2015江苏镇江,4)After reading the novel Treasure Island,Paul has more than before be-cause of the main character,brave Jim.A.humourB.wealthC.luckD.courage答案 D句意:在读过小说金银岛之后,保罗因为勇敢的主人公吉姆而比以前更有勇气了。本题考查名

46、词词义辨析。humour幽默;wealth财富;luck运气;courage勇气。由句子结尾处的brave Jim可知保罗受吉姆的影响比以前更有勇气了,故选D。18.(2015宁夏,35)Listen!Who is singing?Its Betty.She has a sweet .A.soundB.voiceC.noiseD.speech答案 B句意:听!谁在唱歌?是Betty,她的声音很甜美。本题考查名词词义辨析。sound声音;voice歌唱声,嗓音;noise噪音;speech演讲。根据句意可知,此处指Betty的歌声,故选B项。19.(2015四川成都,37)She says he

47、r favorite is English.A.colorB.sportC.subject答案 C句意:她说她最喜爱的科目是英语。本题考查名词辨析。color颜色;sport运动;sub-ject学科。英语属于学科,故选C。20.(2015山东德州,27)The New York Times is a popular daily .A.dictionaryB.magazineC.newspaperD.guidebook答案 C句意:纽约时报是一份很受欢迎的日报。本题考查名词词义辨析。dictionary词典;magazine杂志;newspaper报纸;guidebook指南。根据句意可知选C

48、。21.(2015山西,17)Every time I see the strawberries,the sweet and beautiful color always make my mouth water.A.voiceB.tasteC.shape答案 B句意:每次我看到草莓,那甜甜的味道和漂亮的颜色总使我流口水。本题考查名词词义辨析。voice意为“声音,嗓音”;taste意为“味道”;shape意为“形状”。由句意及前面的sweet,可知选B。22.(2015福建龙岩,41)The Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路倡议)will help China imp

49、rove the with those related countries,especially Pakistan.A.relationshipB.agreementC.environment答案 A句意:一带一路倡议将有助于中国改善和那些相关国家的关系,尤其是巴基斯坦。本题考查名词辨析。relationship关系;agreement同意,协定;environment环境。根据句意可知答案为A项。23.(2014浙江绍兴,17)Our school uniforms are out of .We think young people should look smart.A.luckB.sig

50、htC.reachD.fashion答案 D句意:我们的校服过时了。我们认为年轻人应该看起来精神。本题考查名词辨析。luck 幸运;sight视野,景象;reach波及范围,影响范围;fashion(衣服、发式等的)流行款式。根据句意可知答案为D。24.(2014安徽,37)More and more people come to visit Mount Huangshan.Thats true.It has become the of Anhui.A.prideB.effortC.praiseD.courage答案 A句意:越来越多的人来黄山旅游。确实是这样。它已经成为安徽的骄傲了。本题考查