（全国通用版）2019版高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors讲义 新人教版选修8.doc

1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 重点单词 1.alternative n可能的选择 adj.供选择的；其他的 2 tentative adj.试探性的；不确定的 3 acute adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的 4 regardless adv.不管；不顾 5 primitive adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的 6 category n种类；类别；范畴 7 somehow adv.以 ? 方式；不知怎么地 8 systematic adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的 9 spit vt.吐出 (唾液、食物等 ) vi.吐痰 10 de

2、lete vt.删；删除 11 applaud vi. you could have come to tell me afterwards. 你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事，你本可以会后告诉我。 They were_interrupted(interrupt) by a sudden and urgent knock at the door. 他们被突然而急促的敲门声打断了。 Any small interruption(interrupt) is likely to throw me off in my calculations. 一点小小的干扰都有可能使我在计算上出错。 Lets go so

3、mewhere where we can talk without interruption. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧。 3assume v假定；设想；假装；承担；揣想；装出 ? 的样子 So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves， regardless of the cold.(教材 P38) 因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些 洞穴里。 (1)? assume sb/sth to be假定 /假设某人 /某事为 ?It is assumed that.一般认为

4、?assume/assuming that.假设 /假定 ?(2)? assumption n.假定；假设make an assumption认为；假定on the assumption that.假定 ? I made a mistake and I would assume responsibility for it. 我犯了错，我愿为此 承担 责任。 We must assume him to_be(be) innocent until he is proved guilty. 我们必须假定他是清白的，直到他被证明有罪。 Assume/Assuming(assume) that our

5、plan is turned down, what shall we do? 假定我们的计划被拒绝了，我们该怎么办？ It is_assumed(assume) that mental health is closely related to physical health. 一般认为心理健康与身体健康是密切相关的。 【提示】部分分词可以转化为连词，引导条件状语从句，表示 “ 如果；假定 ” 。常见的还有： supposing( suppose)， providing( provided), given, considering 等。 A lot of people make the assu

6、mption(assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World. 许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。 4significance n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 His university was aware of the significance of his work.(教材 P40) 他所在的大学意识到了他工作的重要性。 (1)? be of ?great/no/little? significance to对 ? ?很 /不 ?重要attach ?great? significance to认为 ? ?很 ?重要(2)? sign

7、ificant adj.重要的；显著的It is significant that.重要的是 ? 【 精品教育资源文库 】 She couldnt grasp the full significance(significant) of what he had said. 她未能充分领会他那番话的意思。 Food can also have a specific meanin g, and play a significant(significance) role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions. 食物也可能有特定的含义，在

8、家庭、文化庆典或传统活动中起重要作用。 The factory set up last year is of great significance to this areas economy. 去年建的这家工厂对这个地区的经济发展有重大意义。 5arrest vt.逮捕；吸引；使 ? 停 止 n逮捕；拘留 She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.(教材 P43) 她几乎到达目的地时，一股美味的香味阻止了她的前进，她停了下来。 (1)?

9、arrest sb for因 ? 而逮捕某人get arrested遭逮捕arrest ones attention引起某人的注意(2)? under arrest被捕make an arrest进行拘捕 They are trying to make a new medicine to_arrest(arrest) the spread of the disease. 他们正尽力研制一种新药来控制这种疾病的蔓延。 The young man got arrested(arrest) for causing that serious accident. 因造成那起严重 事故，这个年轻人被捕。

10、Fifteen persons were under arrest because of the serious violence. 由于严重的暴乱，十五人被捕。 1regardless of 不管；不顾 (1)? as regards关于；至于in regard to/of关于in this regard关于此事with regard to关于regard.as把 ? 当作 ?(2)regarding prep.关于；至于 【 精品教育资源文库 】 The law requires equal treatment for all, regardless(regard) of race, r

11、eligion, or sex. 这一法律要求平等对待每一个人，不管种族、宗教信仰或性别的差异。 Regardless of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decisions. 不论他是对还是错，我们不得不遵从他的决定。 He refused to disclose any information regarding(regard) the mans whereabouts. 他拒绝透露任何关于那个男人下落的消息。 【提示】 (1)regardless of 强调 “ 不认为 ? 重要，从而不加以重视或考虑 ” ，而de

12、spite 和 in spite of 有 “ 尽管 ?( 某客观事实或已发生某事 )” 之意。 (2)regardless of 后可接 whether, what 引导的从句，而 despite 和 in spite of 后一般不接从句。 2date back to ( date from) 追溯到 ? All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.(教材 P44) 所有物品都来自于三星堆遗

13、址，它们能追溯到 3 000 至 5 000 年前。 date back to( date from)追溯到 ?( 后接表过去的时间 ) date back 追溯到；始于 (后接一段时间，无被动语态，作 谓语常用一般现在 时 ) out of date 过时的；陈旧的 up to date 最近的；新式的；现代的 set/fix a date for 约定 ? 的日期 My interest in stamp collecting dates back to my schooldays. 我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。 According to the expert, the temple ha

14、s a history dating(date) from/back to the early Tang Dynasty. 那位专家说这座寺 庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。 【提示】 date back to 和 date from 一般不用于进行时态，作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。 if only 引导的虚拟混合句 If only it could be just like last year! (教材 P43) 要是能跟去年那样就好了！ 【 精品教育资源文库 】 【句式点拨】 if only 用来表达愿望，意为 “ 但愿 ? ，要是 ? 就好了 ” ，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气： ? ?

15、1?if only.could/would/might do.表示与将来事实相反 的愿望 ?不用 should?。?2?if only.did.表示与目前或现在事实相反的愿望。?3?if only.had done.表示与过去事实相反的愿望。Constant quarrels between my parents are driving me crazy. If only I had(have) a warm and harmonious family. 父母不停地争吵快把我逼疯了，要是我有一个温暖和睦的家就好了 。 As many as 150 miners died in the acci

16、dent. If only the mine owners had_paid(pay) enough attention to the safety measures! 多达 150 名矿工在那次事故中丧生，要是矿主足够关注安全措施就好了！ 【比较网站】 only if 由副词 only 和从属连词 if 构成， only 仅起强调作用，意为 “ 只要；只有 ” ，位于句首时，主句部分倒装。 Only if you promise not to invite Mary will I come. 只要你答应不邀请玛丽，我就来。 Only if you do as I told you can y

17、ou succeed. 你只有按照我说的去做，你才能成功。 . 品句填词 (用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词 ) 1 In order to succeed, we have no alternative but to_face(face) failure bravely and learn from it. 2 Heavy smog and fog continued to hit many parts of east and north China on Thursday, causing traffic interruptions(interrupt) 3 Dont assum

18、e that you are a princess any more and stop living in assumption(s)(assume) 4 At first he insisted on the accuracy(accurate) of his account, however, he agreed with what I said. 5 He hurried to the theatre, only to_be_told(tell) that the tickets had been sold out. 【 精品教育资源文库 】 6 Right now the new p

19、olicy in New York is_being_applauded(applaud) by civil rights advocates who say it will reduce discrimination against black and Latino youth. 7 It needs no saying that this meeting is of great significance, as it serves as a link between the past and the present. 8 If only you had_been(be) more care

20、ful! The traffic accident could have been avoided. 9 The librarians actively collected the books of the world, accelerating(accelerate) the spread of knowledge. 10 The new method caught on and many peasants became very skillful(skill) at it. . 单句改错 (含本单元的词汇和语法 ) 1 We shall have no alternative but torefer the matter to our lawyer. 2 Regardless ofwhat you think about him personally, his policies have been shown to be effective. 3 The carrot should be cut downupinto small pieces before you put them into the boiling water. 4 Its believed that these plant fossils d