新航道雅思语法-不定式课件.ppt

1、新航道雅思语法 不定式structurev1，不定式的，不定式的作用作用（主（主,表表,宾宾,定定,状状,补，独立）补，独立）v2，不定式的，不定式的逻辑主语逻辑主语v3，不定式的，不定式的时态和语态时态和语态一一,语法功能：语法功能：主语主语,宾语宾语,表语表语,定语定语,状语状语,补语补语v (一一)，主语，主语v位置：大部分时候放句末（位置：大部分时候放句末（it it作形式主语）。作形式主语）。们不可能在很短的时间内就掌握英语。们不可能在很短的时间内就掌握英语。vWe are impossible to master English in a short time.(错误）错误）is

2、impossible for us 你在这里停车是违章的。你在这里停车是违章的。vYou are against the regulation to park your car here.（错误）（错误）is against the regulation for you 总体而言，总体而言，我们可以有理由去推断我们可以有理由去推断，相对于噪音，人们更喜欢平静安宁的环境。（剑相对于噪音，人们更喜欢平静安宁的环境。（剑7 7，T4T4，R R）vSb.should/must/can(Sb.should/must/can(过于主观强硬）过于主观强硬）vIn general,In general,it

3、 isit is plausible/necessary/imperativeplausible/necessary/imperative to to suppose thatsuppose that we should prefer peace we should prefer peace and quiet to noiseand quiet to noise.（二（二)，表语，表语【练练1/41/4】我的打算是在英国或者上剑桥，或者上我的打算是在英国或者上剑桥，或者上牛津。牛津。（剑（剑3,T3,S3,T3,S）My plan My plan is tois to attend eith

4、er Cambridge attend either Cambridge or Oxford in England.or Oxford in England.【练练2/42/4】儿童的主要任务仍是玩耍和获得乐趣。儿童的主要任务仍是玩耍和获得乐趣。（剑（剑3,T3,W3,T3,W）Childrens main responsibility Childrens main responsibility is still tois still to plan and have fun.plan and have fun.【练练3/43/4】地中海国家的森林问题将会在下次专家地中海国家的森林问题将会在下

5、次专家会时被讨论。（会时被讨论。（剑剑7 7，T3T3，R R）Forest problems of MediterraneanForest problems of Mediterranean countries countries are are to be discussedto be discussed at he at he next meeting of experts.next meeting of experts.v【练练4/4】培养多样性的关键是让人们不仅学习培养多样性的关键是让人们不仅学习占主导地位的语言，同事也学习祖先们传下来的占主导地位的语言，同事也学习祖先们传下来的语言

6、。语言。（剑（剑4,T2,R）vThe key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their ancestral tongue,as well as the dominant language.（三），宾语（三），宾语后接不定式作宾语的动词后接不定式作宾语的动词 详见附录详见附录 （四），不定式（四），不定式-作定语作定语v【练练1/4】这的确给了我们不断努力提高英语水这的确给了我们不断努力提高英语水平的勇气。平的勇气。vThis really gave us the to keep trying to improve our Engl

7、ish.v【练练2/4】所有学生都有一些机会去增强自己的所有学生都有一些机会去增强自己的信心。信心。（剑（剑4,G,TA,R）vAll students are given chances to develop their confidence.v【练练3/43/4】There are plenty of There are plenty of opportunities for new opportunities for new technologiestechnologies to to helphelp filter and categorize information filter a

8、nd categorize information.（剑（剑5，T3，R）v【练练4/4】我反对那项机场扩建和增加航班数量我反对那项机场扩建和增加航班数量的计划。的计划。（剑（剑3,G,TB,W）vI object to the plan to expand the airport and increase the numbers of flights.（五），不定式-作状语v目的状语：目的状语：v=in order to/so as to=in order to/so as tovScientists are working to discover the links between the

9、 weather and human beings mood and performance.（剑（剑3，T3，R）vId climb the highest mountain,just you smile.Id swim the ocean,just your hand.Id run a million miles,just with you forever.v我愿意翻越最高的山脉，就是为了目睹你的微笑；我愿意翻越最高的山脉，就是为了目睹你的微笑；我愿意横渡海洋，就是为了与你牵手；我愿意跨我愿意横渡海洋，就是为了与你牵手；我愿意跨越万里，只是为了与你永远共度此生。越万里，只是为了与你永远共度

10、此生。v结果状语结果状语：vLift a stone Lift a stone only to droponly to drop it on your it on your own feet.own feet.v【练练】这个时代长大的孩子不尊重家人，而只是这个时代长大的孩子不尊重家人，而只是关注自己的利益。关注自己的利益。vChildren grow up during this age Children grow up during this age not not toto respect their families,respect their families,but tobut to

11、 only only be concerned with their own be concerned with their own individual welfare.individual welfare.v宾语补语：宾语补语：vThe fool thinks himself to be wise,but the wise man knows himself to be fool.v愚者自以为智，智者自知其愚。愚者自以为智，智者自知其愚。v【基本形式基本形式】：动词：动词+宾语宾语+动词不定式动词不定式（六），不定式-作补语v主语补语：多出现在被动语态之后主语补语：多出现在被动语态之后vT

12、he Olympics is considered The Olympics is considered to be the to be the highest level of competitive sporthighest level of competitive sport.（剑（剑3 3，T1T1，WW）v【基本模式基本模式】：v主语主语+系动词系动词+动词的被动语态动词的被动语态+动词不定式动词不定式（七），独立使用的不定式vTo begin withTo begin with,on behalf of all of your,on behalf of all of your Am

13、erican guests,I wish to thank you American guests,I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality.for the incomparable hospitality.v -尼可松，尼可松，1972 1972 v首先，我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示首先，我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们无可比拟的盛情款待。感谢，感谢你们无可比拟的盛情款待。v不定式可用作独立成分，用来修饰整个句子。不定式可用作独立成分，用来修饰整个句子。v“总之，简而言之，概括来说总之，简而言之，概括来

14、说”vto conclude,all in all,to conclude,all in all,vin conclusion,generally speaking,in conclusion,generally speaking,vin a word,in shortin a word,in short，vTo sum up,to be brief,To sum up,to be brief,vTo say nothing of,/not to mention,To say nothing of,/not to mention,vTo illustrate,To illustrate,vTo

15、 do sb.justice,To do sb.justice,vTo make matters worse,To make matters worse,vTo put it another way,To put it another way,二，不定式的复合结构二，不定式的复合结构vBoth Chinese and American parents were asked what they wanted most for their children.Chinese parents wanted their children to be successful,while American p

16、arents expressed a desire v【练练】有教养的人如果不懂外语是极大的不便有教养的人如果不懂外语是极大的不便.vFor a well-cultivated man not to know foreign languages is a great inconvenience.v(For a cultivated man)to be ignorant of foreign languages is a great inconvenience.三，不定式的时态和语态三，不定式的时态和语态不定式不定式基本形式基本形式进行时进行时?完成时完成时?被动语态被动语态?=to be do

17、ing=to be done=to have donev【练练1/3】对于许多环境保护主义者来说，世界对于许多环境保护主义者来说，世界似乎正在似乎正在变糟。变糟。（剑（剑5,T1,R）v【分析分析】Seem to do+进行时进行时v =seem to be doingvFor many environmentalists,the world seems worse.v【练练2/3】味觉和嗅觉味觉和嗅觉似乎已经似乎已经退化。退化。（剑（剑4,T1,R)v【分析分析】Seem to do,appear to do+完成时完成时v =Seem to have donevThe sense of t

18、aste and smell appears v【练练3/3】如果在怀孕期间大脑的发育出现意外，如果在怀孕期间大脑的发育出现意外，男孩更男孩更容易受到容易受到影响。影响。（剑（剑1,T2,R）v【分析分析】Be easy to do,be likely to do+被动被动v =be likely to de donevIf something happens to the brains development during pregnancy,_vIt is more likely in a male.THE END复复 习习v1，不定式的，不定式的作用作用（主（主,表表,宾宾,定定,状状,

19、补，独立）补，独立）v2，不定式的，不定式的逻辑主语逻辑主语v3，不定式的，不定式的时态和语态时态和语态：vP90,一，一，13,16,17,19,21,22,30vP94,四，四，10，14，16，17高分作文句子高分作文句子v【练练】政府可以做到的一件事情就是要求个人、政府可以做到的一件事情就是要求个人、家庭和企业对他们的垃圾进行分类。家庭和企业对他们的垃圾进行分类。（剑（剑5,G,TB,W）vWhat the governments can do is individuals,households,and businesses to separate their waste into different categories.