ISO14004标准-某小煤矿环境治理机制项目课件.ppt

1、Strengthening EG in SCM Industry in Shaan Xi Province,China加强中国陕西小型煤矿的环境治理工作Training Session 1 Training 2 Environmental Management Systems(EMS)Introduction to ISO 14001 and ISO 14004 EMS 培训会议1-培训课程2-环境管理系统（EMS）ISO 14001 和ISO 14004标准介绍John ClarksonTraining Session 1 Training 2 Environmental Managemen

2、t Systems(EMS)Introduction to ISO 14001 and ISO 14004 EMS 培训会议1-培训课程2-环境管理系统（EMS）ISO 14001 和ISO 14004标准介绍John ClarksonStrengthening EG in SCM Industry in Shaan Xi Province,China加强中国陕西小型煤矿的环境治理工作ISO 14001&ISO 14004ISO 14001标准与ISO 14004标准The key elements of ISO 14001 have been covered in the first tra

3、ining session在第一次培训会议中已经阐明了ISO 14001标准的基本要素Section 1 Scope第1部分-范围Section 2 Normative references(numbering)第2部分-引用标准（编号）Section 3 Terms and definitions第3部分-术语和定义Section 4 Environmental Management System requirements or elements第4部分-环境管理系统要求或要素Annex A Guidance on the use of the standard(informative wi

4、th fuller description)附录A-标准使用指南（信息型详细说明）All of the above requirements can be objectively audited by an external verifier and certification to ISO 14001 can be achieved.-所有以上的要求由一个外部审查人员进行审计，审计通过后授予ISO 14001证书证书；Organisations requiring more general guidance on a broad range of environmental manageme

5、nt system issues should consider ISO 14004.组织需要更多的环境管理系统的总则说明，需要考虑ISO 14004标准；It is vitally important that Small Coal Mines(SCM)in China note this distinction and carefully consider which EMS is more appropriate for each operation.中国的小型煤矿（SCM）需要特别注意这两个标准之间的不同，并且仔细考虑哪个EMS更适合各个操作步骤。An overview of ISO

6、14001/14004 followsISO 14001/14004概述如下：ISO 14004/14001 comparisonsISO 14004标准与14001标准对比ISO 14004 gives more general guidelines on principles,systems and support techniques.ISO 14004标准在原则、系统和支持技术方面给出了个更多的一般准则一般准则；It accommodates the needs of small and medium enterprises(referred to in the UK and Euro

7、pe as SMEs)尤其适用于中小企业中小企业（在英国和欧洲称为SMEs）；14004 incudes examples,descriptions and options that aid the implementation of an EMS14004标准包括实例、说明和选项实例、说明和选项，帮助实施环境管理系统（EMS）；Guidelines and sub-clauses are consistent with 1400114004标准的准则和条款与14001标准保持一致；Sub-clauses of Section 4 of 14001 has the same numbering

8、 as 14004,however 14004 has extra sub-clauses to aid implementation of the EMS14001标准中的第4部分与14004标准的条款编号一致，而14004标准有额外的条款用以帮助实施环境管理系统（EMS）；For ease of reading and understanding in ISO 14004 practical help and guidance are separated out and shown in boxed text.This practical help is easy to follow an

9、d is similar to that given in Annex A of the standard ISO 14001.为了便于阅读和理解ISO 14004标准，实用性帮助实用性帮助和指导性说明指导性说明分别列出，见栏线内文本栏线内文本。这一实用性帮助便于实施，与ISO 14001标准中的附录A类似。ISO 14004 LayoutISO 14004 布局Section 1 Scope consistent with 14001 but not intended to provide interpretations of the requirements of 14001第1部分-范围

10、-与14001标准一致，但并未给出14001标准要求的解释；Section 2 Normative references(numbering)第2部分-引用标准（编号）Section 3 Terms and definitions similar to 14001 but additional definitions(24 definitions in all)第3部分-术语和定义-与14001标准一致，但额外增订了释义（总共24条释义）Section 4 Environmental Management System elements第4部分-环境管理系统要素ISO 14004 follow

11、s the same model as I4001 and is based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)model.The model for continuous improvement is the same!ISO 14004标准与14001标准使用同一模型，以计划执行检查行动（PDCA）模型为基础，保证持续的改善！持续的改善管理评审环境政策规划检查实施与运作Examples of Practical Help given in ISO 14004 ISO 14004标准中的实用性帮助的实例Plan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)计划执行检查行动（

12、PDCA）Plan:计划计划：1.Identify environmental aspects and impacts1.识别环境的方面和影响方面和影响；2.Identify and monitor legal requirements2.识别并监测法律要求法律要求；3.Set environmental objectives and targets and formulate a programme to achieve them3.设定环境目标和指标目标和指标，制定计划实现这些目标和指标；4.Develop and use performance indicators(NEW and ad

13、ditional to 14001 definitions).Described in Section 3 of 14004 4.制定并使用绩效指标绩效指标（全新概念，与14001标准的释义相比属于增订信息），详见14004标准中的第3部分3.12 Environmental Performance Indicator(EPI)3.12 环境绩效指标（EPI）Specific expression that provides information about an organisations(3.20)environmental performance详细的说明包括组织（3.20）环境绩效环

14、境绩效；3.17 Management Performance Indicator(MPI)3.17管理绩效指标（MPI）1.Environmental performance indicator(3.12)that provides information about the management efforts to influence an organisations(3.20)environmental performance 1.环境绩效指标（3.12）提供的信息，包括使用管理管理来影响一个组织（3.20）的环境绩效；1.3.19 Operational Performance In

15、dicator(OPI)1.3.19 操作绩效指标（OPI）1.Environmental performance indicator(3.12)that provides information about the environmental performance of an organisations(3.20)operations 1.环境绩效指标（3.12）提供的信息，包括一个组织（3.20）操作操作的环境绩效；All key words are highlighted in bold 所有的关键词以标黑的形式呈现。所有的关键词以标黑的形式呈现。ISO 14004 Practical

16、 help-PDCAISO 14004标准 实用性帮助-计划执行检查行动（PDCA）PDCA DO计划执行检查行动（PDCA）-执行Do:Implement and Operate the Environmental Management System(EMS)执行执行：实施并运作环境管理系统（EMS）1.Create Management Structures,assign roles and responsibilities1.建立管理构架，职责分配并明晰责任；2.Provide adequate resources2.提供充足的资源；3.Train persons working on

17、EMS3.对人员进行环境管理系统（EMS）的培训；4.Establish processes for internal and external communications4.建立内外部沟通机制；5.Establish and maintain documentation5.建立并维护文件编制；6.Establish and implement document controls6.建立并实施文件控制；7.Establish and maintain operational controls7.建立并维护操作控制；8.Ensure emergency preparedness and res

18、ponse8.确保应急准备和响应。References to the appropriate sub-sections of section 4 of the standard are given标准中第4部分的相关章节的参考已给出。ISO 14004 Practical help-PDCAISO 14004标准 实用性帮助-计划执行检查行动（PDCA）PDCA Check计划执行检查行动（PDCA）-检查Check:Assess the EMS processes检查检查：评估环境管理系统（EMS）过程1.Conduct on-going monitoring and measurement

19、1.实施持续的监测和测量；2.Evaluate status of compliance Legal and other2.评估是否合规-合乎法律或其他；3.Identify nonconformity and take corrective and preventative actions3.识别不合格情况，并采取矫正和预防措施；4.Manage records4.管理记录；5.Conduct periodic internal audits5.进行定期内部审计。References to the appropriate sub-sections of section 4 of the st

20、andard are given标准中第4部分的相关章节的参考已给出。Practical help-PDCA 实用性帮助-计划执行检查行动（PDCA）PDCA Act计划执行检查行动（PDCA）-行动Act:Review and take action to improve the EMS行动行动：审查并采取措施以改善环境管理系统（EMS）1.Conduct Management reviews of the EMS at appropriate intervals1.在合适的时间间隔内，进行环境管理系统（EMS）的管理审查；2.Identify and document areas for

21、improvement2.识别并记录需要改善的部分。References to the appropriate sub-sections of section 4 of the standard are given标准中第4部分的相关章节的参考已给出。ISO 14004 General guidance exampleISO 14004标准 一般原则实例General guidance Planning(Boxed text in ISO 14004)一般原则-规划规划（ISO 14004标准中的栏线内文本）An organisation should have a planning proc

22、ess that includes the following elements:组织应当进行规划，包括如下要素：a)Identification of environmental aspectsa)识别环境的方面方面；b)Identification of applicable legal requirements and other requirements to which the organisation subscribes(e.g.of other requirements is parent company EHS standards)b)识别适用的法律法律要求和其他要求，组织认

23、可的要求（例如：总公司EHS标准的其他要求）；c)Setting of internal performance criteria,where appropriatec)设定内部绩效标准内部绩效标准Setting of objectives and targets and establishment of a programme(s)to achieve them设定目标和指标目标和指标，建立规划实现这些目标和指标。Other essential elements of both systems两个系统的其他基本要素Both systems require an Initial Review

24、to establish a baseline两个系统都需要一个初期审查初期审查-以期建立一个基础Gather as much historical data as possible for existing sites(one year only may not be representative!为现有煤矿搜集足够多的历史数据（一年的数据不具备代表性）For new sites conditions of the site prior to commencement of activities在作业开始前，了解更多的场地条件；Both systems require the appoint

25、ment of a Management Representative for the EMS and a deputy,if possible overall management and administration of the EMS两个系统均需要指定一名环境管理系统（EMS）的管理代表管理代表，和一个副代表-对环境管理系统（EMS）进行整体的经营和管理。Establish and train internal audit teams and consider frequency of internal audits建立并培训内部审计内部审计团队，并考虑内部审计的频率。Comparis

26、ons of Annex A for both standards两个标准的附录A对比The annexes are quite different for both standards.两个标准的附录不尽相同：Annex A (informative)ISO 14001 Guidance on the use of this International Standard附录附录A-（信息型）（信息型）ISO 14001标准标准-本国际标准的使用指南；Gives far more descriptive text guidance than Sections 3 and 4 of the st

27、andard and the relevant sub-clauses与标准的第3部分和第4部分，以及相关的条款相比，给出了更多解释说明的信息；Annex A(informative)ISO 14004 Examples of correspondence between environmental management system elements附录附录A（信息型）（信息型）ISO 14004标准标准-环境管理系统各要素间相互关联的实例Tables in A.1 show Activity/Product/Service,Aspects and Actual and Potential

28、ImpactsTables in A.2 show Aspects,Objectives,Targets,Programmes,Indicators,Operational Control and Monitoring and Measurement.A.1的图表中显示出作业/产品/服务，方面和实际及潜在的影响；A.2中的图表显示出方面、目标、指标、计划、指数、操作控制和监测及测量。Far more practical than 14001 and could be used for Small Coal Mines(SCM)与14001标准相比更为实用，并且适用于小型煤矿（SCM）Some

29、practical examples of best practice最佳实践实例There follows a series of practical examples based on ISO 14004 guidance 依据ISO 14004标准指南的实践实例ISO 14004 Table A.1 Example for SCMISO 14004 图表A.1示例-适用于小型煤矿（SCM）Activity/Product/Service作业作业/产品产品/服务服务Aspects方面方面Actual and potential impacts实际及潜在影响实际及潜在影响Transport

30、of mined coal by road煤炭的公路运输Emission of particulate matter to air向空气中排放的颗粒物Air pollution and flora/fauna degradation空气污染和植物/动物退化Water management form mining activities采矿作业的水管理Minewater discharge矿井水排放Possible pollution of receiving water可能的接收水污染Fuel storage and use for on site vehicles燃料储存及现场车辆使用Fuel

31、 release to environment释放到环境中的燃料Potential soil or surface/groundwater contamination潜在土壤，或地面/地下水污染Particulate emissions and damage to flora/fauna颗粒排放和对动植物的破坏Untreated minewater discharge未经处理的矿井水排放Table A.2 Examples for SCM图表A.2 小型煤矿实例Aspects方面方面Objectives目标目标Targets指标指标Programmes规划规划Indicators指数指数Ope

32、rational Control操作控制操作控制Monitoring and measurement监测与测量监测与测量Emission of particulates(dust)颗粒物排放（粉尘）Reduce emission to air减少排放到空气的排放量Aim to sheet lorries对卡车采取覆盖Programme for sheeting of lorries对卡车进行覆盖Number of lorries sheeted/unsheeted需要覆盖和不需要覆盖的卡车数目Procedures for sheeting of lorries卡车覆盖的步骤Monitor lo

33、rries leaving site监测卡车驶离现场Emissions of particulates(dust)颗粒物排放（粉尘）Reduce emissions to air减少排放到空气的排放量Prevent and stop lorry overloading避免卡车超载Develop new procedures for loading of lorries travelling by road开发新步骤，使卡车合理载荷，完成公路运输Number of lorries and net weight of coal transported by individual lorries卡车

34、数量及每辆卡车运输煤炭的净重Weigh lorries before leaving site离开现场前对卡车进行称重Recorded gross and tare weights from calibrated weighbridge使用校准地秤记录毛重和皮重Discharge of minewater矿井水排放Reduce water pollution减少水污染Reduce discharge particulate matter减少颗粒物的排放Identify treatment prior to discharge在排放前识别处理措施%reduction in Particulate

35、 减少微粒的百分比Procedures for operation sand monitoring of treatment plant对处理植物进行土壤监测Monitor discharge and receiving water监测排放和接收水Fuel release燃料释放Reduce potential for fuel spill 减少潜在的燃料泄露Develop procedures for fuel deliveries and refuelling 对燃油供给和补给进行规划Programmes and training for fuel storage and use对燃料储存

36、和使用进行规划和培训Number of recorded fuel related incidents与燃料相关事件记录Bunding of storage tanks and clean-up kits储存罐和清理工具Record all deliveries and use and report any spills or incidents记录所有的交付和使用和报告任何泄漏或事件Comparisons of Annex B for both standards两个标准附录B的对比The annexes are quite different for both standards.两个标准

37、的附录内容不尽相同。Annex B (informative)ISO 14001 Correspondence between ISO 14001 and ISO 9001Not entirely relevant if SCMs are not considering a Quality Management System(ISO 9001)附录附录B-（信息型）（信息型）ISO 14001标准标准-ISO 14001标准和ISO 9001标准并非完全相关，如果小型煤矿（SCMs）没有考虑到质量管理系统（ISO 9001标准）ISO 14004 There is no Annex B as

38、such for ISO 14004.The last section of the standard is a Bibliography listing other realted ISO standardsISO 14004标准标准-ISO 14004标准中没有附录B。标准的最后一部分为参考目录，列举出其他转载的ISO标准。Which system to choose?选择哪一个系统？It is vitally important that Small Coal Mines(SCM)in China carefully consider which EMS is more appropri

39、ate for each coal mine or group of mines!中国的小型煤矿（SCM）应谨慎考虑每一个煤矿或煤矿群应当采用哪个更为合适的环境管理系统（EMS）！A number of factors need to be taken into consideration:需要考虑一下因素：A strong commitment from the mine owners and operators to continuous improvement in environmental management of their mines煤矿所有者和经营者具有强烈的意愿想要改善煤矿

40、的环境管理；A certified system(14001)or a non-certified system(14004)认证系统（14001）或非认证系统（14004）；A shared environmental management system or individual EMS共用环境管理系统或单个的环境管理系统（EMS）；Available resource可用的资源；Available funding可用的资金；Suitably trained personnel受过良好培训的人员；Suitable information systems for EMS documentat

41、ion and for communication环境管理系统（EMS）文件编制和沟通的信息系统；Access to technology and funding for improvement programmes支持改善的可用技术和资金；Environmental credentials of suppliers,customers and contractors供应商、客户和承包商的环保凭证；The ability to maintain and improve the EMS once it is implemented环境管理系统（EMS）一旦实施后，维护和改善该系统的能力；The

42、ability to communicate results internally and externally内外部的沟通能力；The ability to handle emergency situations and to call on additional resource if required in the event of an emergency应急处理能力，以及应急额外资源的可用性。This list is,by no means exhaustive but covers the main points for effective EMS implementation这个

43、列表不很全面，但是涵盖了主要的部分，能够帮助EMS的有效实施。Information on standards and Copyright标准和版权信息B S EN ISO 14001:2004 and BS ISO 14004:2004B S EN ISO 14001:2004 和和 BS ISO 14004:2004British Standards Institution independent body responsible for standard preparation.It represents the UK view on standards in Europe and at

44、 the International level.英国标准协会英国标准协会-是一家独立的机构，负责制定标准，代表英国在欧洲的标准以及国际标准。Buying standards购买标准购买标准Orders for international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to:购买国际和国外标准出版物，请联系：Customer Services.Tel+44(0)20 8996 9001.Email:ordersbsi- or from the BSI website at http:/www.bsi- 客户服务：电

45、话：+44(0)20 8996 9001；电邮：ordersbsi-，或访问http:/www.bsi-Information on standards标准信息标准信息Information Center Tel:+44(0)20 8996 7048.Email:infobsi- or from the above website信息中心电话：+44(0)20 8996 7048；电邮：infobsi-；或访问以上网址。Copyright版权版权No copying or reproduction of the standards without prior written permissio

46、n from BSI若无若无BSI事先书面许可，不得复制或翻印本标准。事先书面许可，不得复制或翻印本标准。Recap扼要重述The session has highlighted some of the main differences between ISO 14001 and ISO 14004 and has given some examples of the guidance given in each standard to implement an effective EMS.It has also illustrated this with best practice exam

47、ples from UK and European mining operations.More detailed guidance can be given by obtaining copies of the relevant standards.本章节主要阐述了ISO 14001标准和ISO 14004标准的不同之处，并给出了一些实例，证明每个标准中的指南可以帮助实施有效的环境管理系统（EMS）。并且给出英国和欧洲煤矿开采作业使用的一些最佳实践实例。复印相关标准，可以获得更多的详细指南。It is vitally important that Small Coal Mines(SCM)in China carefully consider which EMS is more appropriate for each coal mine or group of mines!中国的小型煤矿（SCM）应谨慎考虑每一个煤矿或煤矿群应当采用哪个更为合适的环境管理系统（EMS）！ANY QUESTIONS?问答环节The next session is:下一培训内容为：“Steps to establish and implement an effective EMS”“建立和实施有效环境管理系统（EMS）的步骤”