初中英语课件：宾语从句.ppt

1、初中英语课件：宾语从句：1.由不同连接词引导的宾语由不同连接词引导的宾语从句从句 2.宾语从句中的陈述语序宾语从句中的陈述语序 3.宾语从句中时态的呼应宾语从句中时态的呼应问题一问题一:什么是宾语什么是宾语?宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象的对象,常由名词或相当与名词的词担任常由名词或相当与名词的词担任,置置于及物动词或介词后。于及物动词或介词后。I love you.I am fond of reading books in the sun.He bought me a pen.How is he getting along with his

2、 English teacher?We keep it a secret.I will arrange my holiday as follows.I think(that)your clothes fit well.He couldnt tell me where his home was.作介词的宾语作介词的宾语He always pays attention towhatever the teacher says.He talked of how he helped the old man.宾语从句的三要素：宾语从句的三要素：连接词连接词陈述句语序陈述句语序时态呼应时态呼应 引导词 关系

3、代词：关系代词：what,which,who,whose,whomwhat,which,who,whose,whom 关系副词：关系副词：whenwhen时间时间,where,where地点地点,why,why原因原因,how,how方式方式 If/whetherIf/whether从属连词从属连词 thatthat从属连词从属连词 宾语从句的连接词宾语从句的连接词 当宾语从句是当宾语从句是陈述句陈述句时，用时，用that引导引导 She was a good girl,the teacher told us.=The teacher told us that she was a good g

4、irl.当宾语从句是当宾语从句是一般疑问句一般疑问句时，构成宾时，构成宾语从句用语从句用whether/if(是否）连接，句尾是否）连接，句尾的标点符号取决于主句。（在引导否的标点符号取决于主句。（在引导否定概念的宾语从句时只能用定概念的宾语从句时只能用if)Eg.He asked me if I hadnt finished my work.Are you from Japan?he asked me.He asked me if/whether Im from Japan.当宾语从句是当宾语从句是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时，连接时，连接词就用原来的疑问词，但从句一定词就用原来的疑问词，但从句一

5、定要注意用陈述语序。要注意用陈述语序。When did he leave forJapan?could you tell me?=could you tell me when he left for Japan?语序语序 宾语从句无论主句是陈述句还宾语从句无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句一律要用陈述是疑问句，从句一律要用陈述语序，即主语，谓语的顺序语序，即主语，谓语的顺序 Do you know what Kates e-mail address is?He asked me whose book this is.The doctor asked me what was wrong.时态呼应

6、主句与从句时态一致 若主句是现在的某种状态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，）那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。I remember he gave me a book yesterday.He has told me that he will leave for New York tomorrow.若主句是过去的某种时态（一若主句是过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，）那般过去时，过去进行时，）那么从句一定要用过去的某种时么从句一定要用过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）过去将来时，过去完成时）He told me that

7、 he would take part in the high jump.He asked me if I had taken his soap.注意 若宾语从句表示的是若宾语从句表示的是客观事实客观事实或真理时或真理时，即使主句是过去式，即使主句是过去式，从句也用一般现在是。从句也用一般现在是。He told me that the earth goes round the sun.(真理）真理）He said that YaoMing is much taller than him.（事实）（事实）把下列句子改为含有宾语从句的句子把下列句子改为含有宾语从句的句子:1.He asked me

8、,“How can I get to the cinema?He asked me how he could get to the cinema.2.I dont know.Where has he gone?I dont know where he has gone.3.Could you tell me?How many boys are playing football there?Could you tell me how many boys are playing football there?4.Did you know?Does he often go hiking?Did yo

9、u know if he often went hiking?5.He asked his mother,“Can I watch TV?”He asked his mother if he could watch TV.1.Who are you waiting for?They asked me.They asked me who I was waiting for.2.“You can do it by yourself.”Joy says to me.Joy says to me I can do it by myself.3.Which boy are they talking ab

10、out?Do you know?Do you know which boy they are talking about?4.“What time does the meeting begin?”We didnt know.We didnt know what time the meeting began.5.When shall we begin our party?Could you tell me?Could you tell me when we shall begin our party?6.“How can I get to the station?”the girl asked

11、me.The girl asked me how she could get to the station.7.They havent decided.“Are they leaving here?”They havent decided if they are leaving here.8.“Did you visit the Great Wall“?He asked me.He asked me if I had visited the Great Wall.9.“Who is knocking on the door?”Tom asked me.Tom asked me who was

12、knocking on the door.6.The teacher told us.“Dec.25th is Christmas”The teacher told us(that)Dec.25th is Christmas.7.I wondered.“Has he finished his work?”I wondered if/whether he had finished his work.8.He wanted to know.“What should he do?”He wanted to know what he should do.9.He asked me,“Have you

13、been to Disneyland?”He asked me if/whether I had been to Disneyland.10.He told us.“He has had the bike for a year.”He told us(that)he had had the bike for a year.11.My parents told me.“Dont run on the street.”My parents told me not to run on the street.12.The teacher warned us,“Listen to me.”The tea

14、cher warned us to listen to him.13.The thief told me,“Dont move”The thief told me not to move.if 与与 whether的区别：的区别：引导宾语从句时一般可以互换，但下列几种情况引导宾语从句时一般可以互换，但下列几种情况下只能用下只能用whether,不能用不能用if.1.与与 or 或或 or not 连用时。连用时。2.Could you tell me whether thats a fast train or not?3.I dont know whether it is a cat or a cap.2.当宾语从句放在句首时。当宾语从句放在句首时。Whether we will go there,we havent decided.3.做介词的宾语从句时。做介词的宾语从句时。We are talking about whether we will do it.4.后接不定式时。后接不定式时。I cant decide whether to go there.