英语：人教版8年级下册知识点总结(93页).doc

1、 1 Unit 1 Whats the matter? 单元目标单元目标 1. 学会谈论健康问题，健康状况（Talk about your health） 2. 能够辨认身体部位。（parts of the body） 3. 能够提供建议（Give advice） 重点词汇重点词汇 1. head 头 2. neck 颈部 3. back 后背 4. leg 腿 5. arm 手 6. hand 手 7. foot 脚 8. nose 鼻子 9. eye 眼睛 10. ear 耳朵 11. mouth 嘴 12. tooth 牙齿 13. stomach 胃 14. headache 头痛 1

2、5. toothache 牙痛 16. stomachache 胃痛 17. fever 发烧 18. backache 后背痛 19. sore throat 咽部疼痛 20. tired 累的 21. thirsty 口渴的 22. hungry 饿的 23. dentist 牙医 重点短语重点短语 1. have a stomachache 胃痛 2. have a cold 感冒 3. lie down 躺倒 4. take ones temperature 给某人量体温 5. have a fever 发烧 6. go to a doctor 看医生 7. get off 离开，出发

3、 8. to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 9. agree to (do sth) 同意做某事 10. get into trouble 陷入麻烦 11. fall down 摔打， 12. thanks to 幸亏，由于 13. in time 及时 2 14. give up 放弃 15. be interested in 对感兴趣 16. make a decision 做决定 17. cut off 砍到，切碎 重点句型重点句型 1. Whats the matter? 怎么了？ 2. I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。 3. What should

4、I do? 我应该做什么？ 4. I think you should lie down and rest. 我认为你应该躺下休息 5. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow,then go to a doctor. 如果你的头和脖子明天仍然痛，那么去看医生吧。 6. He hurt himself in P.E class. 他在体育课上伤害了自己。 语法难点语法难点 情态动词 should (1) should 作情态动词时，表示责任和义务，含义是“应该：应当”，可用于各种人称。 如：What do you think I should do?

5、 你认为我应该做些什么？ (2) should 可用来表示推测和估计，常译成“按说应该”。 如：I think she should arrive home by now. 我想她此刻应该回家了。 (3) should 与 how，why，what 等词连用，多表达惊讶、意外等情绪。 如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ 高频考点高频考点 1. How to talk about our health . 问某人哪儿不舒服。 When we are not feeling well , we often go to see the doctor . The doctor wi

6、ll ask : Whats wrong (with you) ? Whats the matter (with you) ? Whats your trouble ? What happens to you ? (Is there) anything wrong with you ?都表示“你怎么了”。 叙述病情。 There is something wrong with my tooth . 我的牙出问题了。 Doctor , Im not feeling well . 我感觉不好，医生。 I feel terrible . 我感觉糟透了。 I feel very ill . 我感觉病得

7、很重。 This place hurts . (Ive got a pain here) 这个地方疼。 My leg hurts . 我腿疼。 I dont feel like eating . 我不想吃东西。 I have a cold . 我感冒了。 I have a fever . 我发烧了。 I have a headache . 我头疼。 处置或提出建议： 1)Open your mouth , please . 张开嘴。 I want to take your temperature . 我想测测你的体温。 2)Take this medicine three times a da

8、y . 这个药一天吃三次。 3) Take three pills before you go to bed . 睡前服用三片。 4) Youd better stay in bed till tomorrow . 最好卧床休息到明天。 3 5) Drink lots of water and have a good rest . 多喝水，好好休息。 6) You should lie down and rest . 卧床多休息。 7) You should drink hot tea with honey . 你应该喝加蜂蜜的热茶。 8) You should see a dentist .

9、 你应该去看牙医。 9) You should go to bed early . 你应该早点上床（休息）。 2. 关于情态动词 should 1) 情态动词 should 表“建议、应该”，其否定形式为 shouldnt . 它用于所有人称。在其后应为动词原形。 You should wait a little more . 你应该再多等一会儿。 He should tell me about it . 他应该告诉我这件事。 2) 在表示要求、命令时，语气由 should（应该）、had better（最好）、must（必须）逐渐加强。 在本单元主要是表建议“应当”或“应该”。 3. hav

10、e a cold 感冒，还可以说 get a cold . 我得了重感冒：I have a very bad cold . 在这里 cold 是名词，因此前边可以加冠词“a”、有时也可以说： I have got a very bad cold . 或：I have had a very bad cold . 4. He shouldnt eat anything for 24 hours . 他不应在 24 小时内吃任何东西。 在这里因为是否定句，因而不用 something，而用 anything，同 some 和 any 的区别一样，something 用于肯 定句中，而 anythin

11、g 用于否定或疑问句中，如： Theres something wrong with him . 他出问题了，或他病了。 Is there anything I can help ? 我能帮忙吗？ 又如：Do you have any brothers ? 你有兄弟吗？ I have some good friends . 我有一些朋友。 I never have any fun . 我从没什么乐趣。 never 是否定词，因此我们用 any，不用 some 5.Whats the matter with you ? 你怎么了？ with 是个介词，后边可以跟名词或代词。 Whats the

12、matter with Sonja ? Sonja 怎么了？ 6.I am not feeling well . feel well well 表示“好” ，这里不用“good”。 7.Shes tired . 她很累。 tired 是个形容词，可以说 feel tired 感到很累，或说 get tired. She feels tired. 或 She gets tired . 8.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of cooling yin and hot yang to be healthy . 传统中医认为我

13、们需要通过阴阳调和来保持健康。 其中 a balance of平衡 keep a balance of 保持一个平衡 如 keep a balance of nature 保持自然（生态）平衡。 be healthy，keep healthy，stay healthy 都是保持健康的意思。 healthy 是个形容词，其名词形式为 health . 9. on the other hand 另一方面。经常与 on (the) one hand 一起连用。表示一方面另一方面。 如： On one hand we should study hard , on the other hand we s

14、hould keep healthy . 我们一方面要努力学习，另一方面应该保持身体健康。 10. too much yang in their lives . too much 和 too many 都表示许多。 too much 后接不可数名词，如 water , money 等。 too many 后接可数名词的复数，如 students , flowers lives 是名词 life 的复数形式。 11. Its important to eat a balanced diet . 4 吃（营养）平衡的饮食是很重要的。 balanced 在此处是形容词，表示“平衡的”。 It 是形式

15、主语，真正的主语是“to eat a balanced diet”，但因主语太长，为了句子平衡，将主语用 it 代替，这是 it 的又一功能。 12.Im not feeling very well at the moment . at the moment .1）用于现在时态中，意思为“此刻”，如： I am busy at the moment . 我此刻很忙。 2）用于过去时中，表示“当时”，如： I was busy at the moment . 我当时很忙。 引领人生引领人生 A bad thing never dies.坏事传千年 实战模拟实战模拟 Unit 1 Whats th

16、e matter? 一、根据句意和首字母提示，完成下列单词拼写。 1. We walk with our l_. 2. Yesterday I had a bad c_, so I didnt go to school. 3. There is much w_in the river. 5 4. She was very t_, and soon she fell asleep in bed. 5. He is very t_, please give him a cup of tea. 二、单项选择。 1. -_ -I have a headache. A. Whats the matter

17、, Judy? B. Where are you, Judy? C. Who are you? D. What are you doing, Judy? 2. He_stay at home and look after his mother yesterday. A. needed o B. must C. have to D. has to 3. I think walking is_our health. A. good at B. bad at C. well in D. good for 4. We should not eat_junk food. A. too many B. t

18、oo much C. many too D. much too 5. -How is the young man? -_ A. He is twelve. B. Hes much better. C. He is a doctor. D. Hes Allan. 6. Its important to eat a_diet. A. balanced B. balance C. balancing D. balances 7. He often has sports. _, football, basketball and ping-pong. A. For an example B. For e

19、xample C. For the example D. For a example 8. You should not eat_24 hours. A. something in B. nothing for C. anything for D. everything at 9. -My mother is ill. -_ A. Dont worry. B. No hurry. C. Im sorry to hear that. D. OK. 10. -I feel stressed out. I have so much work to do every day. -Youd better

20、 not work too hard. Its good for you to take some_, I think. A. health B. exercise C. lesson D. work 三、从对话后的方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 A: We are going to play basketball. (1)_ B: Id like to, but I cant. A: (2)_ B: I have to see Xiao Fang in the hospital. A: Whats the matter with her? (3)_ B: (4)_ A: (5)_ B:

21、Im afraid I cant. A. Her head hurts and she doesnt want to eat. B. Would you like to go with us? C. Anything serious? D. Are you coming later? E. What do you have to do? 四、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Li Ying_(be) born in 1986. 2. Listen!Our English teacher_(speak) at the meeting. 6 3. Well go to the park if

22、 it_(not rain) tomorrow. 4. Half an hour later, she_(meet) her husband outside the park gate. 5. You may_(go) there a little earlier next time. 6. Dont_(disturb) others when you are in the room. 7. Youd better_(not play) football in the street. 8. The Smiths wanted_(live) in China. 9. The young man_

23、(help) Granny to clean the house last Sunday. 10. My sister_(write) a letter yesterday. 五、英汉互译。 1. 你怎么了？ 我头疼。 -_？ -_. 2. 我的弟弟得了重感冒。 _. 3. 你不应该来学校太晚。 _. 4. 我口渴，想喝点水。 _. 5. He is stressed out because he has too much work. _. 6. It is important for you to learn to speak English well. _. 7. Its cooler t

24、oday. Lets go for a walk. _. 8. On the other hand, you should study hard. _. 六、单句改错，下列各句中均有一处错误，请指出并改正。 1. Whats(A) the matter(B) to(C) you(D)? _ 2. My father often(A) eats(B) too many(C) food(D). _ 3. We are(A) tired(B), so we want(C) to have rest(D). _ 4. If you want to(A) stay health(B), you must

25、(C) take some exercise(D). _ 5. The old man(A) might(B) is(C) a doctor(D). _ 七、完形填空。 What is the best way to study? This is a very important question. Some Chinese students often_1_very hard for long hours. It is a_2_habit, but it is not a better way to study. An efficient(讲效率的) student must_3_enoug

26、h sleep, enough food and enough rest. Every week you _4_to go out for a walk or visit some friends or some nice places. Its good_5_your study. When you return to your studies, youll find yourself_6_than before and youll learn more. Maybe we can_7_that learning English is _8_taking Chinese medicine.

27、We dont mean that its bitter (苦的). We mean that like Chinese medicine, the efficiency of your study_9_ slowly but surely. _10_slowly but surely every day and effects will come just like Chinese medicine. 1. A. play B. study C. sleep D. think 2. A. best B. better C. good D. bad 3. A. have B. do C. wa

28、nt D. make 4. A. want B. hope C. need D. wish 5. A. in B. for C. to D. at 6. A. weaker B. stronger C. fatter D. thinner 7 7. A. say B. guess C. talk D. know 8. A. about B. on C. at D. like 9. A. returns B. comes C. gives D. gets 10. A. Sleep B. Know C. Learn D. Play 八、阅读理解。 There is an old English s

29、aying. It tells us that we must go to bed early and get up early in the morning. Then we shall be healthy. We shall also be rich and clever. This is true. The body must have enough sleep to be healthy. Children of young age should have ten hours sleep every night. Children who do not have enough sle

30、ep cannot do their work well and they may not be healthy. The body also needs exercise. Walking, running, jumping and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps the body strong. Exercise also helps the blood to move around inside the body. It is very important. Our blood moves to all parts of ou

31、r body. The head also needs blood. Exercise helps us to think better. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1. If we want to be healthy, we must_. A. eat more B. sleep more C. play more D. go to bed early and get up early 2. Children of young age should have _ hours sleep every day. A. ten B. nine C. eleven D. twelve 3. I

32、f children dont have enough sleep, they will not_. A. work well B. be clever and healthy C. eat well D. A and B 4. The body also needs_. A. sports B. running C. exercise D. playing 5. Does exercise help us to think better? A. Yes, it does. B. No, it doesnt. C. No, it does. D. Yes, it deosnt. 九、书面表达。

33、 假定你是 Tom,你按 Kate 约定的时间、地点与她见面后去医院看望 Mr Wang。你们告诉他你们在考试中发 挥的很好，他很高兴。Mr Wang 祝愿你们暑假生活愉快，并希望你们继续努力学习。你们交谈了大约半小时后 离开医院。请你以日记的形式把它写下来。 参考词汇： be glad, flowers, do well in, keep on doing, hope, get on well with, Thursday, May 16th, Sunny _ _ Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks. 单元目标单元目标 1. 能够以口译形式谈

34、论志愿工作。 2. 能够正确运动一般将来时。 3. 能够书写以志愿工作为话题的书面表达。 重点词汇重点词汇 1.cheer 欢呼 2.volunteer 志愿者 3.notice 发现 4.lonely 孤单的 5.several 几个 6.feeling 感觉 7.satisfaction 满意 8 8.owner 拥有者 9.raise 提高，上升 10.alone 独自，一个人 11.repair 修理 12.train 训练 13.kindness 善良 14.change 改变 15. disabled 残疾的 重点短语重点短语 1. clean up 清扫 2. give out

35、分发，发放 3. cheer up=makehappier 使.高兴 4. come up with =think up 提出，想出 5. write down 写下，记下 6. set up=establish 建立 7. volunteer ones time to do sth.自愿花时间做. 8. make plans 计划干. 9. use up 用完，耗尽 10. take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象 11. fix up 修理 12. give away 捐赠 13. be similar to 与.相似 14. hung out 闲荡 15. disabled pe

36、ople 残疾人 16. go out of ones way to do sth 帮助.做事，解决难题（摆脱困境） 17. train sb. to do sth 训练某人做某事 重点句型重点句型 1. I hope to work outside. 我希望到外面工作。 2. I want to learn more about how to care for animals. 我想要学习更多有关于如何能照顾动物的方法。 3. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and t

37、he look of joy on their owners faces. 当我看到动物变得更健康以及它们主人脸上高兴的表情时，我得到一中强烈的满足感。 4. You could help to clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。 语法难点语法难点 一般将来时：将来时间计划发生或将要发生的动作和存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如： tomorrow .,next ,the day after tomorrow , in 5 minutes ,soon,等。 构成：will do/be 2) care+ less=careless 意为粗心的; 3

38、)hope+ less=hopeless无望的; 4) use+ less=useless无用的; 9 3. set v.摆放、放置、（太阳）落下 set up 建立 set off=set out 出发、动身 4.cheer v. cheer up sb.或 cheer sb. up 意为（使某人）高兴起来，振作起来。如果是代词做 宾语，则将代词放在中间。 5.fix v.修理 fix up 相当于 repair，表示修理，修补，整理,其后跟物件名词作宾语。特别提 示。如果 fix up 的宾语是人的话，则构成 fix sb. up with sth.句型，表示为某人安排某件 事，向某人提供

39、某物。 Eg：Ill fix you up with a place to stay. 我来给你安排住处。 6.similar adj.相似的 be similar to 意为与类似; be the same as与完全相同。take after sb. 表示长相或举止像（某个长辈），不能用于被动语态。 7. pleasure 意为高兴，快乐，是不可数名词；表示乐趣，高兴的事时是可数名词。 在口语中 Its pleasure. 是回答感谢的客套语。 Thank you for your help. 感谢你的帮助。 Its a pleasure. 不用谢。 特别提示 pleased 是形容词，意

40、为自己感到高兴的，欣喜的，满意的，其主语为人。 pleasant 也是形容词，表示使人感到愉快满意，一般用作定语，如主语是物，也可以用作表语。 Eg. Its pleasant weather today. 今天的天气令人愉快。 Its very pleasant to sit down after standing for hours. 站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。 please 是动词，表示（使）高兴，满意，愉快。 8.shut v, (shut, shut) 关，在许多情况下可以与 close 互换，只是后者语气较弱，Eg. close the door 关门（也可能指半开半闭），shut

41、 the door 关门（指把门关紧）。当表示关闭公路， 铁路或交通工具或作结束讲时，只用 close。 Eg：They have closed the road for thick fog. 由于大雾，那条公路被关闭。 特别提示 turn off 用来表示关闭有开关的东西，如收音机、电视、煤气、水龙头等。 9. carry v.搬运，携带，不表示带到什么地方，而携带的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。 10. fetch v. 相当于 go and bring back，意为取来，接来，表示一往一返。 引领人生引领人生 A bird is known by its note, and a ma

42、n by his talk.闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。 10 实战模拟实战模拟 Unit 2 IUnit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、根据句意和首字母，填写所缺单词。 1. I am very a_. Give me some food, please. 2. Its Friday today. Dont p_ off it any more. 3. He is a v_, and he often treats some animals. 4. My computer

43、 is broken. He is r_ it for me. 5. His father is able. He can s_ this problem by himself. 6. There is a s_. It saysNo Smoking!. 7. I love dogs because they never c_ and theyre grateful. 8. Lucy and Lily are twins, so they are s_ in many ways. 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Id like to help _(home) people. 2. Liste

44、n! The baby _(cry). Go and have a look. 3. The students of Cass Five_(put on) an English play next week. 4. I fell good about _(help) other people. 5. The monkey made all the people _(laugh). 6. You cant put off _(make) a study plan . 7. Tom loves animals and plans _(study)to be a veterinarian when

45、he leaves school . 8 Li Ming is a _(nine) grade student who wants to be a doctor . 9 He now has sixteen bikes _(fix) up and give away to children who dont have bikes . 11 10 Thank you for _(send) a letter to me 三、单选 1. Ive no pen _ me. Would you lend one _me? A. without, for B. with, to C. to, for D. for, to 2. Were going to _ many schools in the west of China. A. cheer up B. set up C. p