Unit 4 Words and expressions 重点单词（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 4 Words and expressions1.interaction n.交流；相互影响交流；相互影响-_ v.交流；相互影响交流；相互影响2.vary vi 变化；改变变化；改变-_ adj 各种不同的，各种各样的各种不同的，各种各样的-_ n.种类种类3.appropriate adj 合适的合适的-_ adv _adj 不不合适的合适的4.approve vi 赞成；同意赞成；同意 vt 批准；通过批准；通过-_ n 赞成赞成5.demonstrate vt 表现；表达；说明；证明表现；表达；说明；证明-_ n.示范；证明示范；证明；示威示威-_ n.示威者；演示者示威者；

2、演示者6.employ vt 使用；应用；雇用使用；应用；雇用-_ n.雇员雇员-_ n.雇雇 主主-_ n.工作；就业工作；就业 _n.失业失业7.identical adj.相同的相同的-_ n.身份；同一性身份；同一性_adv.相同地相同地8.interpret vt.把把.理解为理解为 vi.口译口译-_ 口译员口译员9.favour vt 较喜欢；选择；有利于较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同帮助；恩惠；赞同-_ adj.有利的；赞同的；讨人喜欢的有利的；赞同的；讨人喜欢的interactvariousvarietyappropriatelyapprovaldemonstra

3、tiondemonstratoremployeeemployeremploymentidentityinterpreterfavourableinappropriateunemploymentidentically10.anger n.愤怒，怒气愤怒，怒气 vt.使生气，激怒使生气，激怒-_adj.愤怒的，生气的愤怒的，生气的11.reliable adj.可靠的，可信赖的可靠的，可信赖的-_adj.不可靠的不可靠的-_vi.信赖，可靠信赖，可靠12.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂，阐明，澄清使更清晰易懂，阐明，澄清-_ n.阐明，澄清阐明，澄清13.educator n.教师教师;教育工

4、作者教育工作者;教育家教育家-_vt.教育教育;培养培养;训练训练 -_ n.教育教育-_adj 受过良好教育的，有教养的受过良好教育的，有教养的14.imply vt.意味着，暗示意味着，暗示-_ n.暗示，言外之意暗示，言外之意 15.barely adv.几乎不，勉强才能，刚刚几乎不，勉强才能，刚刚-_ adj.赤裸的赤裸的刚刚 刚够的刚够的,勉强的勉强的 v.使暴露使暴露,漏出漏出16.occupy vt.占据，占用占据，占用-_ adj.已占用的，忙于已占用的，忙于的的-_ n.工作，职业，占领工作，职业，占领17.distract vt.分散，使分心分散，使分心-_ n.分心，分散

5、分心，分散educatebareoccupiedoccupationdistractionangry unreliable rely clarificationeducationeducatedimplication1.interaction n.交流；相互影响交流；相互影响interact with sb./sth.inter-：在在-之间相互之间相互interinterinterinterinterKey wordsinteraction /ntrkn/n.C.&U.交流；相互交流；相互影响影响 social interaction 社会互动interaction with sb.与某人互

6、动interact v.交流；相互影响归纳拓展词汇记忆佳句举例The more interactions the robot has with humans,the more it learns.(2015年天津卷)2.vary vi 变化；变化；vt 改变；改变；various adj 各种各样的；有差异的各种各样的；有差异的 variety n 种种；多样化种种；多样化1.As in China,the climate in Canada _(vary)depending on the area.2.The land varies _ height _ 700 metres above s

7、ea level _ over 2,000 meters and is home to a great diversity of plants and animals.Translation由于各种原因，我不愿见他由于各种原因，我不愿见他_,Id prefer not to meet him._,Id prefer not to meet him._,Id prefer not to meet him.variesFor various reasonsFor a variety of reasonsFor varieties of reasonsvary with 随随.变化而变化变化而变化

8、vary in 在在.(大小、形状等方面大小、形状等方面)不同不同vary from.to.从从.到到.有所变化有所变化各种各样的各种各样的various/a variety of/varieties ofinfromto2.Test scores _（各校不同）（各校不同）.3.The crucial thing is using body language in a way _ is appropriate to the culture you are in.4.He decided to change his job for _(vary)reasons.vary from school

9、 to schoolthat/whichvariouspvary(widely/greatly/considerably/enormously/slightly)差异、变化很大、很小差异、变化很大、很小pa variety/diversity of.=varities of.各种各样的各种各样的pvarious/diverse adj.各种各样的各种各样的pvaried adj.各种各样的各种各样的(=many different kinds of,diverse);多变的多变的(=changeable)1.The land varies _ height _ 700 metres above

10、 sea level _ over 2,000 meters and is home _ a great diversity of plants and animals.infromtoto3.appropriate adj 合适的；恰当的；合适的；恰当的；be appropriate to/for sb/sth 适合某人适合某人/某物某物 It is appropriate(for sb)to do sth 做某事是合适的做某事是合适的It is appropriate that sb(should)do sth.是合适的是合适的 an appropriate time/place(for

11、a picnic/to mention the matter)适合做适合做 某事的时间、地方某事的时间、地方 =a suitable/right time/place(.)appropriate /prprit/adj.合适的；恰当的归纳拓展佳句举例be appropriate to/for 适合It is appropriate for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是合适的appropriately adv.恰当的；合适的inappropriate adj.不恰当的；不合适的/for 适合His clothes were not appropriate for such a f

12、ormal occasion.In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.相反，截然不同，形成反差相反，截然不同，形成反差/对照对照,.By comparison,in Bulgaria and southern Albania,the gestures have the opposite meaning.(Para.4,L3)比较而言比较而言/起来起来.1)by/in contrast(to/with sb/sth.)（与（与.）形成反差）形成反差/对照对照,相反相反（作状语，句首、中、尾）（作状语

13、，句首、中、尾）pby comparison(with sb/sth/)(与与)相比较相比较/比较起来比较起来（比较、相对而言）（比较、相对而言）=in comparison(with/to sb/sth)=(when/as)compared to/with 和和比比pbe beyond/without comparsion 与无伦比与无伦比For example,making eye contactlooking into someones eyesin some countries is a way to display interest.（教材（教材Reading)1)make/avoi

14、d/maitain eye contact(with sb)（与某人）进行、避免、保持（与某人）进行、避免、保持眼神交流眼神交流pmake/lose/keep in contact with sbp=get in/lose/keep in/stay in touch with sb 与某人取得、失去、保持联系与某人取得、失去、保持联系2)look into someones eyes 看着别人的眼睛看着别人的眼睛3)be a way to display interest 表现兴趣的一种方式表现兴趣的一种方式 The exhibition gives local artists an oppo

15、runty _(display)their work/art talent.We _（对对.表现出极表现出极大兴趣）大兴趣）the exhibition when visiting the museum.We were treated to a _（精彩展示）（精彩展示）the footballers speed and skill.They always_(put on/go on)a huge public firework display _ National Day.Its the first time the paintings _ local young artists _(dis

16、play)to the public.to displaydisplayed/showed great interest in super/fine display/exhibition ofbyhave been displayedput onon4.approve vt 批准；通过批准；通过 vi 赞同；同意赞同；同意 approval n 赞同；同意；认可赞同；同意；认可 disapprove v 不同意不同意 disapproval n.不同意不同意approve of sb/sth /of(sb/sbs)doing sth =agree with vi.赞成赞成/认可认可/满意满意/

17、喜欢喜欢(某人某人/事事)/做某事做某事 approve sth.(a plan/decision/bill/proposal)vt.批准批准,通过通过 =give(sbs)approval to(.)批准批准.meet with/win/earn sbs approval 受到受到/赢得某人的赞同赢得某人的赞同 (do sth)without sbs approval 未经某人同意（做某事未经某人同意（做某事）(nod/smile/watch)in approval/approvingly 赞许赞许地地（点头（点头/微笑微笑/看着）看着）(give)an approving nod/smil

18、e/glance 赞许赞许的的（点头（点头/微笑微笑/一瞥）一瞥）(1)Im afraid your parents wont approve of your marrying him.恐怕你父母不会赞同你跟他结婚。恐怕你父母不会赞同你跟他结婚。(2)My son made a decision without my (approve).我儿子未经我的许可就做了决定。我儿子未经我的许可就做了决定。(3)She didnt give approval her daughter going out at night.(4)The great success won him many (approv

19、e)glances.巨大的成功为他赢得了许多赞许的目光。巨大的成功为他赢得了许多赞许的目光。approvaltoapproving名师点津名师点津英语中有很多动词加英语中有很多动词加al变为名词形式变为名词形式,常见的有常见的有:approveapprovalsurvivesurvivalarrivearrivalrefuserefusal5.witness vt 当场见到；目击当场见到；目击 n 目击者；证人；证据目击者；证人；证据a witness/witnesses to/of .的证人的证人/证据证据witness for 作证；为作证；为.辩护辩护witness to doing s

20、th 见证做某事见证做某事6.employ vt 雇佣；利用雇佣；利用 eg:Recent years have enormous growth in economy.1.A number of people have been employed _(deal)with the work2.It requires no training before _(employ)3.The _ (employ)of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his _ (employ)enjoy their workemploy s

21、b to do sth 雇佣某人做雇佣某人做.to dealemploymentemployeremployeeemploy sb.as sb/for sth.雇佣某人担任雇佣某人担任/从事从事be employed in(doing)sth 从事，忙于做；从事，忙于做；被用来做被用来做witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n.目击者；证人归纳拓展练习巩固be(a)witness to 是的目击者/见证人give witness(to sth.)为作证；证明1.He took the stand as the first _.2.I _(witness)how the young cou

22、ple got through the most difficult times in their life.3.The new Peoples Republic of China saw/witnessed Dr Lin Qiaozhi _(play)a key role.witness词汇记忆witnessedplaying6.gesture C&U（手（手/头头/脸）姿势，脸）姿势，手势；手势；示意动作示意动作 v.打手势打手势 pmake a gesture/sign at sb(with a finger)对某人做个手势对某人做个手势p(shake ones head)in/with

23、 a guesture of(impatience)用（不耐烦的）姿势用（不耐烦的）姿势pgesture for/to sb to do sth 示意某人做某事示意某人做某事p=sign/signal to/for sb to do sthpgesture at/to/toward sb/sth 示意某人；示意某人；指着某人、物指着某人、物pcommunicate by gesture 通过手势交流通过手势交流7.identical adj.相同的相同的 identically adv.相同地相同地 be identical to/with sb/sth 与与.完全一样、相同完全一样、相同 =

24、be the same as.be identical in sth.在某方面完全一样、相同在某方面完全一样、相同 the identical(+n.)=exctly the same.同一的同一的1.This house is almost identical _ the one where I lived as a child.=This is _ identical house where I lived as child.2.The sisters were identical _ appearance and character.to/with in the 8.differ vi.

25、不同不同/不一样不一样 differ between A and B 在在A和和B之间之间不同不同 differ from.=be different from.和和不同不同 differ in.=be different in.在在方面不同方面不同 differ/disagree with sb sth 在某事上和某人有分歧在某事上和某人有分歧/异议异议 make a(no)difference sb/sth 对对有有/无影响无影响/（不（不)起作用起作用9.favour n.C 帮助；恩惠帮助；恩惠 U 支持支持 vt 较喜欢；选择；有利于较喜欢；选择；有利于eg:Opportunitie

26、s and success tend to be in favour of those who are ready.机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同 归纳拓展ask/do sb.a favour=ask/do a favour of sb.帮某人的忙in favour of 支持；赞同in ones favour 对某人有利owe ones a favour 欠某人的情show favour to sb 偏爱favourable adj.给人好印象的；赞同的；有利的favourite adj.最喜欢的 n.特别喜爱的人或事物(1)

27、To win the respect，a teacher should not any of his pupils.要想赢得尊重，教师不要偏袒任何学生。要想赢得尊重，教师不要偏袒任何学生。(2)The man asked me to the other day.那天，那个人让我帮他一个忙。那天，那个人让我帮他一个忙。(3)Although I cant persuade you，I still think doing such things is not .虽然我无法说服你，但我仍然认为做这样的事对我们没有好处。虽然我无法说服你，但我仍然认为做这样的事对我们没有好处。(4)She made a

28、 (favour)impression on his parents.favourdo him a favour/do a favour for himin our favourfavourable Of the two possible plans I favor the first.In some countries people favor staying together even though there is much more space.A mother mustnt favor one of her children more than the others.Hot clim

29、ate and plentiful rainfall favor the growth of plants.Could you do me a(n)(honor/favor)and turn off the light?Im all in favor of equal pay for equal work.He agrued in favour of a strike.=prefer =prefer =show favor to 偏爱偏爱 =are favourable to/for =completely support 完全支持完全支持 10.break down 消除消除;分解分解;打破

30、打破 break into 强行进强行进入；打入；打断断 break off 中断中断 break out 突发，爆发突发，爆发 break up 打碎打碎，分，分裂裂 break through 突破，突围突破，突围 11.in other words 换句话说换句话说;也就是说也就是说 12.bend-bent-bent v.(使使)倾斜，偏向，弯曲倾斜，偏向，弯曲 n 拐弯，弯道拐弯，弯道bend sbs ear(about)sth 向某人唠叨诉说向某人唠叨诉说(某事某事)bend ones mind/efforts to sth 某人致力于做某事某人致力于做某事bend the tru

31、th 歪曲事实歪曲事实13.tendency n 倾向；趋势倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向有做某事的倾向tend往往会，常常就；照料，照管往往会，常常就；照料，照管tend to do sth 往往会做某事往往会做某事tend(to)sb/sth 照料照料/照管某人照管某人/某物某物eg:1.Women tend to live longer than men.倾向于倾向于.2.Several nurses carefully tended(to)the sick man.照顾照顾.3.Youd better tend to your own a

32、ffairs.管好管好.13.in other words:换句话说换句话说;也就是说也就是说That is(to say).也就是说也就是说;即即in a/one word:总总之之;简言之简言之1)They asked him to leave-in other words he was fired.2)In other words,we make our own happiness.3)In other words,she does not actually have the disease.anger n.愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒归纳拓展归纳拓展练习巩固练习巩固anger at

33、sb./sth.因某人/某事而生气in anger 愤怒地anger sb.激怒某人angry adj.生气的；愤怒地be angry at/with sb.(about/for sth.)（因某事）对某人生气angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地angry1.He was _(anger)with her for breaking her promise.2.She just managed to hold back her _(angry).anger14.occupy v 占据，占领；占用占据，占领；占用(时间、空间时间、空间)vi 使忙于，忙着使忙于，忙着 occupation n(c

34、)工作；消遣，业余活动工作；消遣，业余活动 (u)侵占，占领侵占，占领 occupied adj 使用中使用中 忙于；被占领的忙于；被占领的1.He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself in _(do)a very important experiment.2.Maybe our school president will not be available to attend the meeting,for he is completely occupied _ the 80th anniversary

35、 ceremony.3.The boy,_(occupy)with his schoolwork every day,felt rather tired doingwithoccupied occupy oneself in doing 忙于做忙于做.=be occupied in doing sthbe occupied with sth从事于，忙于从事于，忙于15.distract v 转移转移(注意力注意力)，分散，分散（思想），使分心（思想），使分心 distracted adj 心烦意乱的；思想不集中的心烦意乱的；思想不集中的 distraction n 分散注意力的事情分散注意力的

36、事情 使某人分神使某人分神 用用.使某人分心使某人分心16.distinguish v 识别；区分；使杰出；使受尊重识别；区分；使杰出；使受尊重 distinguished adj 卓越的；著名的；杰出的卓越的；著名的；杰出的 因因.而出名而出名 作为作为.而出名而出名把把.与与.区分开来区分开来eg:As far as I know,Lang Ping has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world.reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 归纳拓展a reliable product 质

37、量可靠的产品rely v.依靠；依赖rely on/upon=depend on/upon 依靠；依赖rely on/upon sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事rely on/upon it that 从句 指望/相信reliability n.可靠（性）reliably adv.可靠地；可信地17.anxiety n 担心；焦虑；渴望担心；焦虑；渴望 anxiously adv 焦虑地；忧虑地焦虑地；忧虑地 anxious adj 忧虑的，担心的，渴望的忧虑的，担心的，渴望的担心某人担心某人/某事某事 渴望渴望.渴望某人做某事渴望某人做某事焦虑地焦虑地 18.embarrassed

38、adj 尴尬的，害羞的尴尬的，害羞的 embarrassment n 窘迫，尴尬窘迫，尴尬 embarrass vt 使尴尬，使为难使尴尬，使为难 embarrassing adj 使人害羞的，令人尴尬的使人害羞的，令人尴尬的对对.感到尴尬感到尴尬 做某事感到尴尬做某事感到尴尬19.bother v 使烦恼，打扰使烦恼，打扰 n 烦扰，令人烦恼的人或事烦扰，令人烦恼的人或事bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事麻烦某人做某事bother to do/(about)doing sth 费心做

39、某事费心做某事have bother(in)doing sth 做某事费劲做某事费劲20.conflict n 矛盾，冲突矛盾，冲突 v 冲突，抵触冲突，抵触conflict withcome into conflict within conflict with与与.有冲突有冲突与与.有冲突有冲突与与.有冲突有冲突21.adjust v 调整，使适应调整，使适应 adjustment n 调整，调节，适应调整，调节，适应make an adjustment to 对对.做出调整做出调整adjust(oneself)to(doing)使使(自己自己)适应适应22.inquire nkwa(r)v

40、i.vt.(or:enquire)询问;打听 inquire into sth 调查.inquire sth.of sb.向某人打听或询问/了解某事inquire about sb./sth.询问/打听inquiry n.调查，查究，查问，询问，打听1.Most schools nowadays prefer to use continuous _(assess),because it gives a fairer picture of how the student has done during the whole year.2.It is difficult _(assess)exact

41、ly how much damage was caused.3.They assessed the car _$50,000assessmentto assessatassess at 估价为估价为.24.make an adjustment to对作调整/调节She has made a few adjustments to the design/machine.adjust to的同义词词组：resize to（调整）；adapt to（适应）25.by comparison 与与相比较相比较 in comparison with 与与相比相比 make a comparison 作比较作比较 comparison n.比较比较 compare v.对比；比作；相比，比得上对比；比作；相比，比得上 compare A with/to B 把把A和和B作比较作比较(常用作状语常用作状语)compare A to B 将将A比作比作BThank you