Unit 1 Wish you were here Grammar and Usage （ppt课件）-2022新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、U1 Wish you were hereGrammar and usagetourism旅游业Read the passage(P6)and fill in the table below AdvantagesDisadvantagesConclusionPara._Para._Para._12-34Disadvantages(not)a bed of roses(并非)轻松的境况/令人愉快的情况ConclusionWhat should we pay attention to when traveling?Be responsible tourists and reduce the neg

2、ative impact!引导定语从句的关系词：引导定语从句的关系词：关系代词：关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：when,where,why等等who,whom,whose,which,that等等定语从句的相关概念定语从句的相关概念关系词的功能关系词的功能:1)1)连接主句与从句连接主句与从句 2)2)指代先行词指代先行词3)3)在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分The man who lives next to us is a policeman._先行词先行词_关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句结构结构：先行词先行词 +关系词关系词 +句子句子1.1.先看先看 先行词先行词2 2，再看，再看引

3、导词引导词在在从句从句中充中充当什么成分。当什么成分。二、关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代关系指人指人指物指物在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose主语 宾语宾语主语 宾语主语 宾语定语关系副词（关系副词（where,when）的指代关系）的指代关系指地点指原因 指时间在定语从句中的作用时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语介词介词+which where(=at/in/which)when(=at/on/in/during/which)why(=for which)原因状语原因状语1.The man _came to ou

4、r school is Mr.Wang.2.A child _parents are dead is called Tom.3.I like the person to _you just talked.4.I still remember the day I first came here.5.The factory his father works is in the west of the city.6.That is the reason I did the job.who/thatwhosewhomwhenwherewhyNon-restrictive Attributive Cla

5、use非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Below is an article about the advantages and disadvantages of tourism.Find the sentences with non-restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box of part A on page 6.These industries,in turn,give jobs to the local population,whose welfare depends on tourism.Step 2

6、Exploring the rulesExploring the rulesThe prices of tourist essentials such as transport,accommodation and food usually increase too,which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.More nature-centred tourist attractions,where man and nature live in harmony,can be greatly impacted or even

7、 destroyed by the flood of tourists.As resources are used more rapidly than they can be sustained,wildlife habitats are likely to suffer,which could endanger the local plants and animals.Local festivals and customs,which may have deep meaning in a particular culture,can simply become entertainment f

8、or tourists.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句构成：构成：+,+关系词关系词先行词先行词She has two brothers,(who are working in the city).+其他部分其他部分 (1)St Petersburg,_ is a very beautiful city,was once called Leningrad.(2)Yesterday I met Li Ping,_seemed to be very busy.(3)He came to the United States in 1914,_World Warbroke out.(4)Singap

9、ore,_I have lived for ten years,is a dynamic country with many a skyscaper.(5)The Queen will visit the town in May,_she will open the new hospital there.同限制性定语从句一样，同限制性定语从句一样，非限制性定语从句也可非限制性定语从句也可由由关系代词关系代词/关系关系副词副词引导，但从句中的关系词引导，但从句中的关系词不可省略不可省略，关系代词关系代词that和关系副词和关系副词why不可不可用于非限制性定语从句。用于非限制性定语从句。whic

10、hwho whenwherewhen(1)Beijing,_ is the capital of China,has a very long history.(2)This is New York,_ I have visited for several times.(3)He seems not to have grasped what I meant,_ greatly upsets me.(4)He was late again,_ made the teacher very unhappy.which引导的非限制性定语从句，其引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词先行词可以是主句中的可以是主

11、句中的某个单某个单词或短语词或短语，也可以是，也可以是整个句子整个句子；which在从句中可作在从句中可作主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定语等语等，不可省略不可省略。whichwhichwhich which在非限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，whom、which 前面可以加前面可以加 some/several/a few/many/more/most of 等修饰词等修饰词，表示整体中的部分或所有。，表示整体中的部分或所有。I have many friends,_ are experts.我有许多朋友，其中一些是专家。我有许多朋友，其中一些是专家。I have been to many

12、 big cities,_ have left a deep impression on me.我去过很多大城市，所有的都给我留下来深刻的印象。我去过很多大城市，所有的都给我留下来深刻的印象。some of whomall of which注意：注意：“名词名词+介词介词of+关系代词关系代词”有时可以用有时可以用“whose+名词名词”或或“of+关系代词关系代词+名词名词”替换。替换。whose+n.(人人/物物)=the+n.+of whom/which =of whom/which+the+n.那幢楼房曾经被整修过，但在一场大火中，楼顶又被烧毁了。那幢楼房曾经被整修过，但在一场大火中，

13、楼顶又被烧毁了。The building had been repaired,_ was destroyed again in a big fire.The building had been repaired,_ was destroyed again in a big fire.The building had been repaired,_ was destroyed again in a big fire.the roof of whichof which the roofwhose roof (1)The car,_ I paid a lot of money,is now out

14、of date.(2)I suggest you go to a specialist,_ you can get answers to most of your questions.(3)In the dark street,there wasnt a single person,_ she could turn for help.(4)In this chapter,one of our problems is to discover the principles _ these tests are based.介词介词+关系代词关系代词也可引导也可引导非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句，

15、但在这种定语从句中，但在这种定语从句中，介词通常前置介词通常前置，关系代词也不可省略关系代词也不可省略。(指物：指物：which;指人：指人：whom)for whichfrom whomon whichto whom注意事项：关系代词前注意事项：关系代词前介词介词的确定的确定(1).依据定语从句中动词的某种习惯搭配来确定。I bought a great many books,I spent all my money that I saved.(2).依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来进行。Ill never forget the time I spent my childhood in the c

16、ountry.(3).根据所表达的意思来确定。The colorless gas we cannot live is called oxygen.on whichduring whichwithout whichas 引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是整个主句整个主句或或主句的一部主句的一部分分。as引导的从句可以置于引导的从句可以置于主句前、主句中或主句后主句前、主句中或主句后。as是关系词是关系词中中唯一可以置于句首唯一可以置于句首的关系词的关系词。1.As is known to the United States,Mark Twain is a g

17、reat American writer.美国人都知道，马克吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。2.He is absorbed in work,as he often was.他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。3.As we all know,the earth is round.众所周知，地球是圆的。4.Taiwan is,as you know,an inseparable part of China.你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。1.固定句型：固定句型：The same.as;such.as;so as;as asI shall do it in the same way as you

18、 did.I want to buy such a book as you have.He is not such a person as I expected.2.当先行词为整个句子时，常当先行词为整个句子时，常译为译为“正如正如”、“正像正像”As we all know 众所周知众所周知As is known to all 众所周知众所周知As is said above,.如上所述如上所述As is often the case,.情况常常如此情况常常如此As is reported in the newspaper,.正如报纸报道的那样正如报纸报道的那样1.Taiwan belong

19、s to China,is known.2.She is a patient,is shown in her work.3.the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a a history book,or even a piece of reportage.4.My elder sister has become a doctor,I wanted to be.5.The book,I bought yesterday,is very interesting.6.He is not the same man _ he was.asAsas

20、/whichwhichwhichDifference as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾；而间或放在主句末尾；而 which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面。在主句后面。as指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语定语定语whowhomwhosewhichAttention非限制性定语从句中指物，不能用that关系词关系词先行词先行词在从句的作用在从句的作用where when for which why 不可用于不可用于引导非限制性引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句，for which

21、代替代替why表地点的词表地点的词地点状语地点状语表时间的词表时间的词时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语reason非限制性定语从句中介词后的关系代词指代人只能用whom,指代物只能用which不能用其他。“非限定”使用说明书 1.从句中所有的关系词都_省略 2.从句不能用_引导 3.在“非限定”中,指人的关系代词作宾语时，_,不能用who替换,也不能省略。4.从句_引导，要用_ 代替why 5.从句置于句首时,不能用_引导;而用 _引导(as 可放主句前,中，也可放主句后)Conclusion不可that只能用宾格whom不能用whyfor whichwhichas 限制 性定语从句非限制性定

22、语从句形式上_逗号_逗号意义上去掉后句意_去掉后句意_作用上修饰限制可修饰_补充说明作用可修饰_翻译时译为.的可译为并列句关系词做宾语可以省略可用that 可用who代替whom不可省略不可用that,why(for which)引导不用who代替whom不完整不完整不用不用用用完整完整先行词或主句先行词或主句先行词先行词Distinctionrestrictive relative clausesnon-restrictive relative clause1.I saw the guy who delivers my mail in town yesterday.2.Ill always

23、remember the river where we learned to swim.3.Do you know the reason why the sky is blue?4.Shes the person whose daughter goes to Harvard.1.Paris,where I spent six months studying,is the most beautiful city in the world.2.The woman down the street,whose children are the same age as yours,invited us

24、over for dinner next week.3.The movie,which is my favorite comedy of all time,is being shown on TV tomorrow night.How restrictive relative clauses differ from non-restrictive relative clauses?若去掉，句子含义不明确which guy?which river?the reason for what?which person?若去掉，不影响句子含义无逗号与主句隔开有逗号与主句隔开1.The factory _

25、they visited last year was destroyed.2.The students are thankful to the teacher _ has taught them for 3 years.3.I still remember the days_ I spent in the college.4.He is the man _ name is Tom.四部曲：1.划分主从句 2.圈先行词 3.先行词带入从句that/which/省who/thatthat/which/省whoseStep 4 Detail rulesDetail rules1.My eldest

26、son,_ work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.2.The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.3.The publication of Great Expectations,_was both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.4.Ma

27、ny young people,most of _were welleducated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.whose that which whomStep 4 Detail rulesDetail rules5.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,_ the weather may be better.6.One day，mentally exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons _ this problem

28、 could not be solved.7.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of _ has been proved.8.I made friends with the natives，and their reaction amazed me.They gave me presents of their favorite artworks _ they had refused to sell to tourists.when why which which/thatB A

29、pplying the rulesRewrite the following sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses.P7 B1 My parents went on a tour of Japan with 20 people,some of whom had never been abroad before.My favourite place to visit is a little village near Shanghai,where my grandma was born.Dr Luo,who is an expert in

30、 Chinese history,will give us a tour of Beijing.Im reading a guidebook to Rome,which is really fascinating and helpful.Id rather visit Europe in summer,when the weather is at its best.How to be a responsible and sustainable tourist?Below is an article about how to be a sustainable tourist.Complete the article with the correct non-restrictive relative clauses in the box below.There is one clause you do NOT need to use.Write the letters in the blanks.P7 B1 adcb