Unit 5 Topic Talk-Lesson1 词汇（ppt课件）-2022新北师大版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、Unit 5 Humans and natureTopic-talk-Lesson 1词汇课件Topic talk词汇different kinds of disaster灾难flood 洪水，水灾 drought n.旱灾，干旱dry adj.干旱的，雨少的 v.使变干My mom dried the cloth for mehurricane飓风 landslide滑坡；塌方volcanic火山的volcano火山 volcanic eruption火山爆发comment n.评论，意见 v.发表评论The minister refused to comment on individual

2、 cases.crowded adj.拥挤的crowd n.人群a crowd ofcrowd in 挤入，涌入landscape风景，景色 形势，情形The boy began a landscape painting.living adj.活的，活着的 n.生活 living room 客厅辨析livingalivelivelylive词性adj./n.adj.adj.adj.词义活着的(adj.);生活(n.)活着的，有生命的获批的，思想活泼的1.活的，有生命的2.现场直播的位置名词前前置定语、表语名词后后置定语，表语名词前前置定语名词前定语修饰对象修饰人或物修饰人修饰人或物只修饰物例子

3、English is a living language.No man alive is greater than he.Jenny is a lively girl.a live wire 有电的电线a live fish 一条活鱼。weed n.insect=in+sect(一节，部分)whale kangaroodolphineaglesharkdeer 单复同形 climate change 气候变化greenhouse effect 温室效应soil erosion水土流失ecology 生态；生态学-ecological生态的 eco-生态的；eco+logy生态学-ecologi

4、cal生态的 ecosystem eco-friendly eco-经济的 economy=eco+nomy n.经济 economic=eco+nom+ic adj.经济的The overuse of forest causes ecological damage in the jungle.翻译：树木的过度利用造成丛林生态破坏jungle ecologyshock vt.使震惊 n.震惊；触电；休克shocked adj.震惊的culture shock文化冲击She was taken to hospital suffering from shock.She was in a state

5、 of shock.We were all shocked at the news of his death.The world was,and remains,shocked.他的以生命为题的讲座使我震惊His lecture titled Life made me shockedHis lecture titled Life shocked me.turn ones back on sb置之不理She turned her back on me when I lost my job,so we are not friends anymore.million 百万millions of/th

6、ousands of 成百上千millionaire n.富翁Slumdog Millionairelesson 1词汇whirlpool 漩涡tidal adj.潮汐的，潮水的tide n.潮汐；潮流，趋势；wave n.海浪；波纹；v.招手,打招呼 wave to sb escape 逃离，逃避 He escaped from the jail.survive v.活下来；幸存survive v.-survival n.arrive v.-arrival n.approve v.-approval n.float v.浮，漂descent n.下降下降 decline/descent/de

7、crease/go down/drop off上涨 increase/rise/grow/go up have/gain an edge on/over 比比占优势；胜过占优势；胜过：I cant beat you at tennis,but I have/gain an edge on you in ping-pong.on the edge of 在在边缘；边缘；快要发生（尤指不好的事）快要发生（尤指不好的事）：People seemed to be living on the edge of their nerves.on the edge of ones seat 极为激动；异常兴奋：

8、极为激动；异常兴奋：The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats.vi&vt（使）徐徐移动；给（使）徐徐移动；给加边加边1.edge n.边缘边缘边缘edgeedge（基本义）（基本义）物体的物体的“边缘边缘”优势优势优于其他事物的优于其他事物的“边缘边缘”刀等的刀等的“边缘边缘”边；边缘边；边缘刀口；刃；利刃刀口；刃；利刃edge edge 语义网络图语义网络图3.observe3.observe福尔摩斯探案集(Adventure of Sherlock Holmes)是英国作家阿瑟柯南道尔(Arthur Conan Doyle)的著名作

9、品。柯南道尔小说的故事结构、推理手法和奇巧的构思都给该类题材的小说树立了范本，他是当之无愧的文学大师，他将侦探小说推向了一个崭新的时代。福尔摩斯探案全集可谓是开辟了侦探小说历史“黄金时代”的不朽经典，风靡全世界，是历史上最受读者推崇的侦探小说。福尔摩斯探案集中福尔摩斯的名言：You see,but you do not observeobserve.你看到，但没有观察。observeobserve词源解读词源解读observe由ob-“向前（toward）”和词根 servare“保护（protect）”构成。词源义是“保持保持（to hold to）”，这也是它的基本义。vt&vi 正式用语

10、正式用语 观察；观测：观察；观测：observe the behaviour of birds Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.vt 正式用语正式用语 察觉到；注意到察觉到；注意到:In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully,researchers observed a surprising behaviour.observe doing/do sthThe police officer observed him driving at

11、 100 miles per hour.observe+that 从句从句:It was observed that successful people spent a lot more time reading than they did watching TV.强调保持看的过程；比watch正式强调保持看的结果；比realise正式感官动词+名词+do/doing vt 正式用语正式用语 说；评论：说；评论：He observed that it would probably rain.vt 遵守遵守/奉行奉行(法律、习俗等法律、习俗等)：observe the law/the local

12、 customs vt 正式用语正式用语 举行（仪式）；庆祝（节日）：举行（仪式）；庆祝（节日）：Do you observe Christmas in your country?释义 是低义频释义，但在近年高考阅读和写作中出现过，需注意。拓展拓展observationobservation n n U&C U&C 观察观察observatory observatory n n C C 天文台；观象台；气天文台；观象台；气象台象台observerobserver n n C C 观察者；观察员观察者；观察员观察家报（The Observer）1791年创刊，是英国报纸，同时也是世界上创刊最早的

13、星期日报纸。我有一个梦想，梦想这国家要高举并履行其信条的真正涵义；我们信守这些不言自明的真理：人人生而平等。马丁路德金2.equal2.equal马丁路德金（Martin Luther King,Jr,1929 1968），美国牧师、社会活动家、黑人民权运动领袖。我有一个梦想（I have a dream）是马丁路德金于1963年8月28日在华盛顿林肯纪念堂发表的著名演讲，内容主要关于黑人民族平等，对美国甚至世界影响很大。相同的；同样的；相等的：相同的；同样的；相等的：equal in size/length/height=of equal size/length/height They be

14、lieve that all work is of equal value.平等的：平等的：All human beings are born equal.equal equal adj adj equal adj.-equally adv.-equality n.equal adj.-unequal adj.与与相等相等/平等：平等：The rent was equal to half his monthly income.与与同样出色；比得上：同样出色；比得上：The architecture here is equal to any in the world.能胜任能胜任(be up t

15、o)：He is equal to anything.该词块在高考阅读该词块在高考阅读理解中多次出现理解中多次出现be equal tobe equal tov vi&vt 等于；比得上：等于；比得上：Three times nine equals twenty-seven.No one equals him in strength.n C 同等的人同等的人/物：物：Let x be the equal of y.When it comes to the art of war,ants have no equal.2015 安徽词汇拓展词汇拓展equality n U 相等；平等：相等；平等：

16、equality between the sexes racial equality equally adv 相等地；同样地；平等地：相等地；同样地；平等地：People are born equal and should be treated equally.补充：名词动词化补充：名词动词化写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.Lots of people flooded into our town as their homes were washed away by floods._2.It snowed heavily last night,and the

17、ground was covered with thick snow.3.Seeing her leaving in the heavy rain,I felt tears rain down my cheeks.4.The morning was quite bright with no clouds in the sky,but it clouded over in the afternoon.5.The river usually ices over in December.But its dangerous to skate on it.（洪水般地）涌进（洪水般地）涌进 下雪下雪雨点般

18、落下雨点般落下布满云布满云 /阴云密布阴云密布英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示自然现象的名词常可转化为动词。结冰结冰复合名词复合名词说出如下复合名词的汉语释义。说出如下复合名词的汉语释义。wild+life wildlife n _land+slide landslide n _short+cut shortcut n _green+house greenhouse n _life+style lifestyle n _lap+top laptop n _hair+style hairstyle n _guide+line guideline

19、 n _野生生物野生生物崩塌崩塌 /滑坡滑坡捷径捷径 /近路近路温室温室 /暖房暖房生活方式生活方式笔记本电脑笔记本电脑 /便携式电脑便携式电脑发型发型 /发式发式指导方针指导方针 /指导原则指导原则合成词由两个或两个以上的单词组成，其释义可以由两个词的释义直接推断出来。合成词中合成名词数量最多，在谈论新发明或当今社会的方方面面时尤为常用。抽象名词抽象名词由形容词派生而来的抽象名词叫作品质抽象名词；由动词派生而来的抽由形容词派生而来的抽象名词叫作品质抽象名词；由动词派生而来的抽象名词叫作行为抽象名词。象名词叫作行为抽象名词。写出下列单词的名词形式。写出下列单词的名词形式。adj adj hon

20、est sincerebraveoriginalableimportantn nv vprepare exploreobservedisappearattemptprotectn nsinceritysinceritybravery bravery originality originality abilityability importance importance preparationpreparation exploration exploration observationobservation disappearance disappearance attempt attempt

21、protectionprotectionhonestyhonesty一、写出下列句子中一、写出下列句子中shock的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.It was such a shock when they announced the winner was Cart.2.The shock wave was felt even in my plane,several miles away from the harbor（港口）.二、在空白处填入二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.They will get _ shock when they

22、get this bill.2.The parents were _(shock)by the news that their son needed an operation on his knee.（2013 重庆）3.The _(shock)news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.（2011 北京）ashockedshocked shockingshocking 震惊震惊shockshock 冲击波冲击波escapeescape一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The

23、air keeping the balloon up was escaping so quickly and the balloon was coming down.2.As a child he would often escape into a dream world of his own.3.Escape from this window and return to the main menu.4.Can you smell an escape of gas?泄露泄露逃避逃避退出退出泄露泄露二、在空白处填入二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

24、确形式。1.Time is something _ which we cant escape.2.Compared with the _(escape)river,I am proud of what I did.（2014 湖北）3.He was lucky to escape _(be)liked.三、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。三、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Although he thought he could _（逃过注意）by sitting at the back,he was wrong.（2012 广东）2.It was reported tha

25、t two journalists _（死里逃生）in the air attack.fromfromescapedescapedbeingbeingescape attentionescape attentionnarrowly escaped death/narrowly escaped death/had a narrow escapehad a narrow escape一、写出下列句子中一、写出下列句子中survive的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.Of the six people injured in the crash,only two survived.2.Only one co

26、py of the book still survives.3.Life is hard at the moment,but were surviving.4.He is survived by his wife and four children.幸存幸存保存下来保存下来挺过来挺过来 /熬过来熬过来 /艰难度过艰难度过survivesurvive比比活得长活得长二、用二、用survive的适当形式完成下列句子。的适当形式完成下列句子。1.For a sudden heart failure（心脏衰竭）,the single best chance for _ is having someon

27、e nearby step in and do CPR（心肺复苏）quickly.（2017 北京）2.Officials said he was the only _ of the plane crash.3.He was the only man who _ after the explosion（爆炸）.三、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。三、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.The front passengers were lucky to _（在车祸中幸免于难）.2.Having _（熬过那一夜）,we were confident that everything

28、 else would be all right.（2014 湖北）survival/survivingsurvivor survived survive the car accident survived that nightedgeedge写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Dont put that glass so near the edge of the table._ 2.He handed me a knife with a sharp edge._3.Companies are employing more research teams to

29、 get an edge._4.He edged closer to the telephone,ready to grab it._5.The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats._边缘边缘刀刃刀刃优势优势徐徐移动徐徐移动兴奋不已兴奋不已equalequal一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.All men were equal at birth.（2010 江西）_2.Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read

30、 stories._3.Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal._4.Fitness is important in sport,but of at least equal importance are skills._ 生而平等生而平等 比得上比得上成为和他们一样受尊敬的人成为和他们一样受尊敬的人 至少同等重要的至少同等重要的二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Sixty minutes _（等于）an hou

31、r.2.All the beach houses are _（大小一样）.3.You can only exchange（交换）it for something else _（同等价值的）.（2010 上海）4.Armstrong _（没人比得上）when it came to playing the American popular song.5.Men and women must _（被平等地对待）in education and employment.（2014 陕西）of equal valueof equal value equal in sizeequal in sizehad no equal i is equal tos equal tobe treated equally