牛津高中英语模块四第一单元单词详解课件.ppt

1、Words&PhrasesUnit 1 Module 4-Part I*advertising the activity and industry of advertising things to people on television,in newspapers,etc.广告活动；广告业；做广告广告活动；广告业；做广告 noun uncountable A good advertising campaign will increase our sales.良好的广告宣传活动会增加我们的销售量。良好的广告宣传活动会增加我们的销售量。Cigarette advertising has been

2、 banned.香烟广告已遭禁止。香烟广告已遭禁止。*airline a company that provides regular flights to take passengers and goods to different places 航空公司航空公司 noun C+sing./pl.verb international airlines 国际航空公司国际航空公司 an airline pilot 航空公司飞机驾驶员航空公司飞机驾驶员*drug noun an illegal substance that some people smoke,inject,etc.to give t

3、hem pleasant or exciting feelings（吸食、注射等的）（吸食、注射等的）毒品，麻醉药毒品，麻醉药 He does not smoke or take drugs.他既不抽烟也不吸毒。他既不抽烟也不吸毒。I found out Steve was on drugs(=regularly used drugs).我发现史蒂夫已吸毒成瘾。我发现史蒂夫已吸毒成瘾。a hard(=very harmful)drug such as heroin （毒性很大的）海洛因之类的硬毒品（毒性很大的）海洛因之类的硬毒品 a soft drug(=one that is not con

4、sidered very harmful)（毒性不很大的）软毒品（毒性不很大的）软毒品 She was a drug addict(=could not stop using drugs).她是个吸毒成瘾的人。她是个吸毒成瘾的人。I dont do drugs(=use them).我不吸毒。我不吸毒。*a substance used as a medicine or used in a medicine 药；药物药；药物 drug companies 药品公司药品公司 The drug has some bad side effects.这种药有些严重的副作用。这种药有些严重的副作用。*s

5、hine verb shone;shone to produce or reflect light;to be bright 发光；发光；反光；照耀反光；照耀 V The sun shone brightly in a cloudless sky.太阳在无云的天空中明亮地照耀着。太阳在无云的天空中明亮地照耀着。Her eyes were shining with excitement.她兴奋得两眼放光。她兴奋得两眼放光。*to aim or point the light of a lamp,etc.in a particular direction 把把照向；使照向；使光投向光投向 VN H

6、e shone the flashlight around the cellar.他用手电筒往地窖各处照了照。他用手电筒往地窖各处照了照。*to polish something;to make something smooth and bright 擦亮；擦光擦亮；擦光 VN He shined shoes and sold newspapers to make money.他靠擦鞋、卖报挣钱。他靠擦鞋、卖报挣钱。*to be very good at something 出色；出类拔出色；出类拔萃萃 V He failed to shine academically but he was

7、very good at sports.他学业不怎么样，但体育棒极了。他学业不怎么样，但体育棒极了。She has set a shining example of loyal service over four decades.四十年间，她树立了一个忠诚服务的光辉榜样。四十年间，她树立了一个忠诚服务的光辉榜样。shiny*noun the bright quality that something has when light is reflected on it 光亮；光泽光亮；光泽 singular a shampoo that gives your hair body and shin

8、e 一种能使头发浓密发亮的洗发剂一种能使头发浓密发亮的洗发剂*shampoo noun-os plural a liquid soap that is used for washing your hair;a similar liquid used for cleaning carpets,furniture covers or a car 洗发剂；香洗发剂；香波；（洗地毯、家具罩套、汽车等的）洗涤剂波；（洗地毯、家具罩套、汽车等的）洗涤剂 countable uncountable carpet shampoo 地毯洗涤剂地毯洗涤剂*advertisement noun a notice,p

9、icture or film telling people about a product,job or service 广告；启事广告；启事 countable (for sth)Put an advertisement in the local paper to sell your car.在当地报纸登一则广告来出售你在当地报纸登一则广告来出售你的汽车。的汽车。classified advertisements ad*an example of something that shows its good qualities 广告（样）品广告（样）品 countable for sth Di

10、rty streets and homelessness are no advertisement for a prosperous society.肮脏的街道和无家可归现象决不是繁荣社会的景肮脏的街道和无家可归现象决不是繁荣社会的景象。象。the act of advertising something and making it public 广告活动；广告宣传广告活动；广告宣传 uncountable*persuade verb to make somebody do something by giving them good reasons for doing it 劝说；说服劝说；说

11、服 sb(into sth/into doing sth)sb to/not to do Try to persuade him to come.尽量劝他来。尽量劝他来。VN to inf.I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.我搁不住人家的劝说，就参加了比赛。我搁不住人家的劝说，就参加了比赛。*to make somebody believe that something is true 使信服；使相信使信服；使相信 convince Synonym It will be difficult to per

12、suade them that theres no other choice.很难让他们相信别无选择。很难让他们相信别无选择。VN that She had persuaded herself that life was not worth living.她自认为人生没有价值。她自认为人生没有价值。*advertise verb to tell the public about a product or a service in order to encourage people to buy or to use it 做广告；登广告做广告；登广告 sth(as sth)If you want

13、 to attract more customers,try advertising in the local paper.如果你要吸引更多顾客，就试试在当地报纸登广如果你要吸引更多顾客，就试试在当地报纸登广告。告。V The cruise was advertised as the journey of a lifetime.这次航行被宣传为这次航行被宣传为“终生难得的旅行终生难得的旅行”。*to let people know that something is going to happen,or that a job is available by giving details abo

14、ut it in a newspaper,on a notice in a public place,etc.（在报章、公共（在报章、公共场所启事等上）公布，征聘场所启事等上）公布，征聘 (for sb/sth)We are currently advertising for a new sales manager.目前我们公开征聘一位新的销售经理。目前我们公开征聘一位新的销售经理。V*to show or tell something about yourself to other people 展现，宣传（自己的事）展现，宣传（自己的事）VN If I were you,I wouldnt

15、 advertise the fact that you dont have a work permit.我要是你，决不会张扬自己没有工作许可证这件我要是你，决不会张扬自己没有工作许可证这件事。事。*be meant to mean verb meant;meant to have something as a meaning 表示表示的意思的意思 sth(to sb)What does this sentence mean?这个句子是什么意思？这个句子是什么意思？VN Does the name David Berwickmean anything to you(=do you know w

16、ho he is)?你知道戴维你知道戴维 贝里克是谁吗？贝里克是谁吗？The flashing light means(that)you must stop.闪烁的灯光表示你必须停下。闪烁的灯光表示你必须停下。V(that)*to intend to say something on a particular occasion 意思是；本意是意思是；本意是 What did he mean by that remark?他说那话是什么意思？他说那话是什么意思？VN*to have something as a purpose or intention 打算；意欲；打算；意欲；有有的目的的目的

17、sth(as sth)/what/sth for sb/intend Synonym Dont be upsetIm sure she meant it as a compliment.别烦别烦恼恼 我肯定她的原意是要称赞你的。我肯定她的原意是要称赞你的。He means what he says(=is not joking,exaggerating,etc.).他说话是当真的。他说话是当真的。Dont be angry.Im sure she meant it for the best(=intended to be helpful).别生气了。我相信她是真心想要帮忙别生气了。我相信她是真

18、心想要帮忙的。的。The chair was clearly meant for a child.这椅子显然是专为儿这椅子显然是专为儿童预备的。童预备的。She means to succeed.她一意求成。她一意求成。V to inf.I didnt mean you to read the letter.我没打算让你看那封信。我没打算让你看那封信。VN to inf.Youre meant to(=you are supposed to)pay before you go in.你要先交钱才能进去。你要先交钱才能进去。I never meant(that)you should come a

19、lone.我从来没打算让我从来没打算让你一个人来。你一个人来。formal V(that)*to intend somebody to be or do something 想要某人成为；想要某人去做想要某人成为；想要某人去做 often passive sb for sth sb to be sth I was never meant for the army(=did not have the qualities needed to become a soldier).我根本就不是块当兵的料。我根本就不是块当兵的料。VN Philip and Kim were meant for each

20、 other(=are very suitable as partners).菲利普和金真是天生的一对。菲利普和金真是天生的一对。His father meant him to be an engineer.他父亲想让他当工程师。他父亲想让他当工程师。VN to inf.*to have something as a result or a likely result 产生产生结果；意味着结果；意味着 Spending too much now will mean a shortage of cash next year.现在花销太多就意味着明年现金短缺。现在花销太多就意味着明年现金短缺。VN

21、 Do you have any idea what it means to be poor?你知不知道贫穷意味着什么？你知不知道贫穷意味着什么？VN to inf.*to be of value or importance to somebody 对对某人重要（或有价值）某人重要（或有价值）VN no passive sth to sb Your friendship means a great deal to me.你的友谊对我来说是很珍贵的。你的友谊对我来说是很珍贵的。$20 means a lot(=represents a lot of money)when you live on$

22、100 a week.当你每周就靠当你每周就靠 100 元维持生活时，元维持生活时，20 元可是个元可是个大数目。大数目。Money means nothing to him.金钱对于他来说毫无价值。金钱对于他来说毫无价值。*be meant to be something to be generally considered to be something 被普遍认为是被普遍认为是 This restaurant is meant to be excellent.都说这家饭店很棒。都说这家饭店很棒。*adjective meaner;meanest not willing to give o

23、r share things,especially money 吝啬的；小气的吝啬的；小气的 British English Shes always been mean with money.她在花钱方面总是非常吝啬。她在花钱方面总是非常吝啬。generous Antonym;*of people or their behaviour 人或其行为人或其行为 unkind,for example by not letting somebody have or do something 不善良；刻不善良；刻薄薄 (to sb)Dont be so mean to your little broth

24、er!别对你弟弟那么刻薄！别对你弟弟那么刻薄！*welfare noun the general health,happiness and safety of a person,an animal or a group（个体或群体（个体或群体的）幸福，安全与健康的）幸福，安全与健康 uncountable well-being Synonym We are concerned about the childs welfare.我们关注那个孩子的福祉。我们关注那个孩子的福祉。*practical or financial help that is provided,often by the go

25、vernment,for people or animals that need it（政府给予的）福利（政府给予的）福利 uncountable animal/child welfare 动物保护；儿童福利动物保护；儿童福利 a social welfare programme 社会福利计划社会福利计划*cheat verb to trick or deceive somebody,especially when they trust you（尤指利用别人的信任）（尤指利用别人的信任）欺骗，欺诈欺骗，欺诈 VN She is accused of attempting to cheat th

26、e taxman.她被指控企图蒙骗税务员。她被指控企图蒙骗税务员。He cheated his way into the job.他骗取了这份工作。他骗取了这份工作。*to act in a dishonest way in order to gain an advantage,especially in a game,a competition,an exam,etc.（尤指在游戏、比（尤指在游戏、比赛、考试等中）作弊，舞弊赛、考试等中）作弊，舞弊 V (at sth)He cheats at cards.他玩牌时作弊。他玩牌时作弊。Youre not allowed to look at

27、the answersthats cheating.你们不许看答案，那是作弊。你们不许看答案，那是作弊。*of somebody who is married or who has a regular sexual partner to have a secret sexual relationship with somebody else 对某对某人不忠（或不贞）人不忠（或不贞）V (on sb)*cheat somebody(out)of something to prevent somebody from having something,especially in a way that

28、 is not honest or fair（尤指用不诚实或不正当的手段）（尤指用不诚实或不正当的手段）阻止某人得到某物阻止某人得到某物 They cheated him out of his share of the profits.他们施展伎俩，不让他获得他的那份利润。他们施展伎俩，不让他获得他的那份利润。*noun a person who cheats,especially in a game（尤指游戏中的）作弊者，骗子（尤指游戏中的）作弊者，骗子 countable especially British English You little cheat!你这小滑头！你这小滑头！*sk

29、ilful adjective,British English of a person 人人 good at doing something,especially something that needs a particular ability or special training 技术好的；功夫深的；熟练的技术好的；功夫深的；熟练的 a skilful player/performer/teacher 技术好的运动员；功夫深的表演者；会教学的老师技术好的运动员；功夫深的表演者；会教学的老师 made or done very well 制作精良的；处理巧妙的制作精良的；处理巧妙的 Tha

30、nks to her skilful handling of the affair,the problem was avoided.多亏她对事情处理得巧妙，才避免了麻烦。多亏她对事情处理得巧妙，才避免了麻烦。*even if 即使即使;虽然虽然 He will come on time even though it rains.即使下雨即使下雨,他还是会准时来的。他还是会准时来的。*innocent adjective not guilty of a crime,etc.;not having done something wrong 无辜的；清白的；无罪的无辜的；清白的；无罪的 (of st

31、h)She was found innocent of any crime.她获判无罪。她获判无罪。He was the innocent party(=person)in the breakdown of the marriage.他们的婚姻破裂，他是无过错的一方。他们的婚姻破裂，他是无过错的一方。guilty Antonym*suffering harm or being killed because of a crime,war,etc.although not directly involved in it 无辜受害的；成为牺牲品的无辜受害的；成为牺牲品的 only before no

32、un an innocent bystander 无辜受害的旁观者无辜受害的旁观者*not intended to cause harm or upset somebody 无恶意的；无冒犯之意的无恶意的；无冒犯之意的 harmless Synonym It was all innocent fun.那不过是些无恶意的玩笑。那不过是些无恶意的玩笑。It was a perfectly innocent remark.那是一句毫无冒犯之意的话。那是一句毫无冒犯之意的话。*having little experience of the world,especially of sexual matt

33、ers,or of evil or unpleasant things 天真无邪的；纯真的天真无邪的；纯真的 an innocent young child 天真无邪的小孩子天真无邪的小孩子*breath noun the air that you take into your lungs and send out again 呼吸的空气呼吸的空气 uncountable His breath smelt of garlic.他呼出的气中有大蒜味。他呼出的气中有大蒜味。bad breath(=that smells bad)口臭口臭 She was very short of breath(=

34、had difficulty breathing).她呼吸很困难。她呼吸很困难。*an amount of air that enters the lungs at one time 一次吸入的空气一次吸入的空气 countable to take a deep breath 深深吸一口气深深吸一口气 He recited the whole poem in one breath.他一口气背出了整篇诗。他一口气背出了整篇诗。*a slight movement of air（空气的）微微流动，（空气的）微微流动，拂动拂动 a of air,wind singular literary a br

35、eath of(fresh)air clean air breathed in after being indoors or in a dirty atmosphere 新鲜空气；透气新鲜空气；透气 Well get a breath of fresh air at lunchtime.我们午餐时出去透透气。我们午餐时出去透透气。a person,thing or place that is new and different and therefore interesting and exciting 令人耳目一新的人（或事物、地方）令人耳目一新的人（或事物、地方）*get your bre

36、ath(again/back)to breathe normally again after running or doing some tiring exercise 恢复正常呼吸恢复正常呼吸*hold your breath to stop breathing for a short time 闭气；屏气闭气；屏气 Hold your breath and count to ten.屏住呼吸，数到十。屏住呼吸，数到十。to be anxious while you are waiting for something that you are worried about 屏息以屏息以待；焦虑

37、地等待待；焦虑地等待 He held his breath while the results were read out.宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。*out of breath having difficulty breathing after exercise（运动后）喘不上气，透不过气来（运动后）喘不上气，透不过气来 We were out of breath after only five minutes.我们五分钟后便气喘吁吁了。我们五分钟后便气喘吁吁了。*take somebodys breath away to be very surprising or

38、 beautiful 令人惊叹；令人惊叹；让人叹绝让人叹绝 My first view of the island from the air took my breath away.我第一次从空中看到这个岛时，叹赏不已。我第一次从空中看到这个岛时，叹赏不已。*fool noun a person who you think behaves or speaks in a way that lacks intelligence or good judgement 蠢人；傻瓜蠢人；傻瓜 countable idiot Synonym Dont be such a fool!别这么傻了！别这么傻了！I

39、 felt a fool when I realized my mistake.我意识到了自己的错误，觉得自己是个傻瓜。我意识到了自己的错误，觉得自己是个傻瓜。*act/play the fool to behave in a stupid way in order to make people laugh,especially in a way that may also annoy them 装傻，扮丑相（以逗人笑，装傻，扮丑相（以逗人笑，但往往惹人恼怒）但往往惹人恼怒）Quit playing the fool and get some work done!别再装傻了，干点实事吧！别再装

40、傻了，干点实事吧！*be no/nobodys fool to be too intelligent or know too much about something to be tricked by other people 精精明机智；不易上当明机智；不易上当 Shes nobodys fool when it comes to dealing with difficult patients.她对付难缠的病人很有办法。她对付难缠的病人很有办法。*make a fool of somebody to say or do something deliberately so that peopl

41、e will think that somebody is stupid 愚愚弄某人弄某人 Cant you see shes making a fool of you?难道你不明白她是在愚弄你？难道你不明白她是在愚弄你？*make a fool of yourself to do something stupid which makes other people think that you are a fool 出丑出丑 I made a complete fool of myself in front of everyone!我当众出了大丑了！我当众出了大丑了！*verb to tric

42、k somebody into believing something that is not true 欺骗；愚弄欺骗；愚弄 VN sb(into doing sth)She certainly had me fooledI really believed her!她确实把我骗了她确实把我骗了 我真的相信了她的话！我真的相信了她的话！Dont be fooled into thinking theyre going to change anything.别上当受骗，以为他们打算作出任何改变。别上当受骗，以为他们打算作出任何改变。*you could have fooled me used t

43、o say that you do not believe something that somebody has just told you（表示不相信别人的话）休想骗我，说得像真的（表示不相信别人的话）休想骗我，说得像真的一样一样 Im trying as hard as I can!You could have fooled me!“我要尽力而为！我要尽力而为！”“”“说得像真的似的！说得像真的似的！”*cure verb to make a person or an animal healthy again after an illness 治愈，治好（病人或动物）治愈，治好（病人或动

44、物）sb(of sth)VN Will you be able to cure him of the disease,Doctor?医生，你能把他的病治好吗？医生，你能把他的病治好吗？*to stop somebody from behaving in a particular way,especially a way that is bad or annoying 矫正，改正（某人的不良行为）矫正，改正（某人的不良行为）sb of sth VN*to make an illness go away 治好（疾病）治好（疾病）VN TB is a serious illness,but it c

45、an be cured.肺结核虽然是一种严重的疾病，但可治愈。肺结核虽然是一种严重的疾病，但可治愈。*to deal with a problem successfully 解决，了解决，了结（问题）结（问题）VN I finally managed to cure the rattling noise in my car.我最终设法解决了我汽车发出的格格响声。我最终设法解决了我汽车发出的格格响声。*noun.a medicine or medical treatment that cures an illness 药；药物；疗法药；药物；疗法 (for sth)the search for

46、a cure for cancer 对癌症治疗方法的研究对癌症治疗方法的研究 There is no known cure but the illness can be treated.这种病尚没有确切的治愈方法，但可以医治。这种病尚没有确切的治愈方法，但可以医治。*the act of curing somebody of an illness or the process of being cured 治疗；疗程治疗；疗程 The cure took six weeks.此疗程花了六个星期。此疗程花了六个星期。something that will solve a problem,impr

47、ove a bad situation,etc.（解决问题、改（解决问题、改善糟糕情况等的）措施，对策善糟糕情况等的）措施，对策 (for sth)a cure for poverty 解决贫穷问题的措施解决贫穷问题的措施*grocery noun-ies plural a shop/store that sells food and other things used in the home.In American English grocery store is often used to mean supermarket.食品杂货店（在食品杂货店（在美国英语中美国英语中 grocery

48、store 常用以指常用以指 supermarket）especially British English countable grocery store food and other goods sold by a grocer or at a supermarket 食品杂货食品杂货 plural groceries*pleased adjective feeling happy about something 高兴；满意；高兴；满意；愉快愉快 (with sb/sth)that to do She was very pleased with her exam results.她对考试成绩

49、非常满意。她对考试成绩非常满意。Im really pleased that youre feeling better.你觉得好些了，我真高兴。你觉得好些了，我真高兴。Im pleased to hear about your news.听到你的消息我很高兴。听到你的消息我很高兴。*happy or willing to do something 高兴，乐于高兴，乐于（做某事）（做某事）to do sth We are always pleased to be able to help.我们一向乐意能帮忙。我们一向乐意能帮忙。I was pleased to hear youve been p

50、romoted.听说你高升了，我很高兴。听说你高升了，我很高兴。Arent you pleased to see me?见到我你不高兴吗？见到我你不高兴吗？Pleased to meet you(=said when you are introduced to somebody).很高兴认识您。很高兴认识您。*comment noun something that you say or write which gives an opinion on or explains somebody/something 议论；议论；评论；解释评论；解释 countable uncountable (ab