[高考英语备考]2020届高考英语完形填空解题技巧课件-(精美实用).ppt

1、二轮复习专题二轮复习专题 Cloze Test语法结构语法结构词汇题词汇题 篇章结构篇章结构 高考完形高考完形填空考什么？填空考什么？高考英语完形填空解题四种技能高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（1）因果关系、因果关系、同类关系同类关系相对关系等相对关系等并列，并列，就是指就是指由由and 或或or连连接的并接的并列成分列成分类属关系类属关系例例1 These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost unre

2、cognizable to the parents.23.A.sick B.slim C.short D.small因果关系因果关系解析解析 选项中选项中 只有只有sick才与才与pale 有相关有相关性性(因果关系因果关系)，即因为，即因为“生病生病”，所以脸，所以脸色才会色才会“苍白苍白”，故选故选A。例例2Edgar Allan Poe,whose life was short and seemingly unhappy,wrote stories and poems of mystery and 22 insanity(疯狂疯狂)and death.22.A.happiness B.s

3、cience C.societyD.terror同类关系同类关系解析解析因为只有因为只有terror(恐怖恐怖)才与才与mystery(神秘神秘)、insanity(疯狂疯狂)和和death(死亡死亡)是表示同类意义的名是表示同类意义的名词，而不可能是与词，而不可能是与“happiness(幸福幸福)”“science(科科学学)”或或“society(社会社会)”并列，并列，故选故选D。例例3Edgar Allan Poe is also remembered as the father of modern detective fiction,stories of an investigat

4、or who has to solve murders and other 27 27.A.accidentsB.crimes C.eventsD.incidents类属关系类属关系解析解析因为因为“murder(凶杀凶杀)”是各种是各种“crimes(犯罪犯罪)”行为中的一种，所以与行为中的一种，所以与“murder(凶杀凶杀)”并列应是并列应是“其他各种犯罪行其他各种犯罪行为为”，故选故选B。例例4 When Christ was born nearly two thousand years ago,many people,rich and _,gave him presents.A.il

5、lB.healthyC.poor D.tall相对关系相对关系解析解析因为由句意可知，应当是指因为由句意可知，应当是指“耶稣耶稣出生时，许多人，无论贫富，都给他礼出生时，许多人，无论贫富，都给他礼物物”，故选择与，故选择与rich相对意义的相对意义的poor，即即选选C。1.Nobel was upset to find out not that he had died,but that,when his time was up,he would be thought of only as one who profited from _and destruction.A.death B.dis

6、ease C.trouble D.attack1.A。与。与destruction(毁灭毁灭)并列应当是并列应当是death(死亡死亡)，故选故选A。小试牛刀小试牛刀2.The poverty(贫困贫困)was worse than anything my young companions had ever imagined.Back in the hotel,an air of sadness settled over the group.Many _and cried.A.gave up B.broke down B.C.set off D.held on 2.B。与。与cried(哭哭)

7、并列应当是并列应当是break down(情情绪失控绪失控)，故选故选B。3.Music is nice,people seem to say,but not important This view is shortsighted.In fact,music education is _ and important for all students.A.beneficialB.availableC.expensiveD.powerful3.A。与与important(重要的重要的)并列，且符合语境的，应并列，且符合语境的，应当是当是beneficial(有益的有益的)，句意为：，句意为：“音乐

8、教育对所有音乐教育对所有学生来说，是有益的，也是重要的。学生来说，是有益的，也是重要的。”高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（2）例例1 Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain.In particular,there was(and perhaps still is)a belief in fairies(仙女仙女).Not all of these 21 are the friendly,people-loving characters that appear in Disney

9、films,and A.babies B.believers C.fairies D.supermen一、同词复现一、同词复现解析解析前句说是人们前句说是人们“相信有仙女相信有仙女”，后句，后句“并非所有这些并非所有这些_ 是友好的是友好的”，承，承前逻辑，空格处应填前逻辑，空格处应填“仙女仙女”了，了，故选故选C。例例2 There were many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his f

10、athers clothes were just two of the recommended 27 .A.cases B.tools C.steps D.methods二、同义复现二、同义复现解析解析前句说前句说“避免这类的事发生有许多方法避免这类的事发生有许多方法(ways)”，冒号后的解释，冒号后的解释，“在小孩睡觉时在其头上悬挂一把刀，在小孩睡觉时在其头上悬挂一把刀，或者用其父亲的裤子盖着他，就是其中值得推荐的两种或者用其父亲的裤子盖着他，就是其中值得推荐的两种_”，承前逻辑，自然是其中的两种，承前逻辑，自然是其中的两种“方法方法”，与与ways同义的是同义的是methods，故选，故

11、选D。例例3 Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining,construction,and warfare as the inventor of dynamite(炸药炸药).“Dr.Alfred Nobel,who became 23 by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before,died yesterday.”A.famous B.sick C.rich D.popular三、结构复现三、结构复现解析解析 Alfred Nobel引

12、导定语从句的引导定语从句的who指代的就是指代的就是Alfred Nobel，两句是相似的，两句是相似的,且两句的后部分的内容各为且两句的后部分的内容各为“发明发明了炸药了炸药”与与“找到了更快的杀人方式找到了更快的杀人方式”，可以想象，两，可以想象，两者的意义何等接近！可见，与者的意义何等接近！可见，与“变成百万富翁变成百万富翁”对应的对应的应当是应当是“变成富裕变成富裕”，故选，故选C。1.Everyone started to _55_ their hands.Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening.I

13、 knew then Suzy was going to be all right.A.clap B.wave C.raise D.shake小试牛刀小试牛刀由后面的由后面的applause(掌声掌声)可知此处表示可知此处表示“大家开始鼓掌大家开始鼓掌”。clap ones hands鼓掌。鼓掌。故选故选B。2.When he arrived at his fathers house,he was told that his father had been in hospital for a week.He was about to leave for(去；前往去；前往)the _when h

14、e saw A.city B.hospital C.factory D.university2.B。前面说前面说“当他回到父亲家时，初当他回到父亲家时，初告知他父亲已住院一周了告知他父亲已住院一周了”，承前逻辑，承前逻辑，他应是他应是“去医院去医院”，故选，故选B。高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（3）在解答完形填空时，充分考虑这些搭在解答完形填空时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们作出正确选择。配关系，有助于我们作出正确选择。动词与介词的搭配动词与介词的搭配动词与其宾语的搭配动词与其宾语的搭配句式结构上的搭配和句式结构上的搭配和习语搭配等习语搭配等根据动词与其

15、后介词的搭配关系来选择一个恰当根据动词与其后介词的搭配关系来选择一个恰当的动词。的动词。例例1 On April 12,1888,Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack.A major French newspaper _ his brother for him and A.found B.misunderstoodC.mistook D.judged一、动介搭配一、动介搭配解析解析能与能与“A for B”搭配的在四个选项搭配的在四个选项中只有选项中只有选项C,mistake X for Y 意为意为“误误以为以为X是是Y”,故选故选C。根据动

16、词与其宾语是否可以搭配、在意义上是否根据动词与其宾语是否可以搭配、在意义上是否符合逻辑或常识来确定选用哪个动词。符合逻辑或常识来确定选用哪个动词。例例2 Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to _ the Nobel Prizes,which would be awarded to people who A.establish B.form C.develop D.promote解析解析在不定式短语中，宾语是“诺贝尔奖”，动词该用哪一个？设立？形成？发展？促进？根据常识，能与“奖项”搭配的，在这四个

17、选项中只有“设立”，故选A。二、动宾搭配二、动宾搭配根据句式或句型的搭配来确定填哪一个词。根据句式或句型的搭配来确定填哪一个词。例例3 The book tells us of useful skills such as how to put what you have learned into pictures of your mind to your memory better.A.make B.turn C.1et D.change三、句式搭配三、句式搭配解析解析在四个选项中，能接在四个选项中，能接“宾语宾语+形容词作宾形容词作宾补补”的只有选面的只有选面A，make your memo

18、ry better意为意为“使你的记忆力变得更好使你的记忆力变得更好”，故选，故选A。根据习惯用语的固定搭配来确定正确选项。根据习惯用语的固定搭配来确定正确选项。例例4 Intellectual property(IP)(知识产权知识产权)is a product of the mind that has commercial value.The concept _ back to 1623 when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed.A.holds B.dates C.sets D.turns解析解析 date back

19、 to是惯用短语，意为是惯用短语，意为“追溯到追溯到”，故选，故选B。四、习语搭配四、习语搭配例例5 Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel Prizes,which would be awarded to people who made great _ to the causes of peace,literature,and the sciences.A.additions B.sacrifices C.changes D.contributions解析解

20、析 四个选项都可构成习语搭配四个选项都可构成习语搭配:make additions to 给给增加增加make sacrifices to 对对做出牺牲做出牺牲make changes to对对作修改作修改make contributions to 对对作贡献作贡献但根据句意和常识，奖项应当奖给那些为和平、但根据句意和常识，奖项应当奖给那些为和平、文学和科学文学和科学“作出贡献作出贡献”的人，故选的人，故选D。1.Dance can be art,ritual(仪式；礼制仪式；礼制),or recreation（娱乐）（娱乐）.It goes beyond the functional pur

21、poses of the movement used in work or athletics in order to express emotions,moods,or ideas;tell a story;22 religious,political,economic,or social needs;A.doB.haveC.performD.serve小试牛刀小试牛刀1.D。与宾语。与宾语need搭配，表示搭配，表示“满足需要满足需要”，选，选项中只有动词项中只有动词serve，故选，故选D。5.On April 12,1888,Alfreds brother Ludwig died of

22、 heart attack.A major French newspaper mistook his brother for him and carried an article _ the death of Alfred Nobel.“The merchant of death is dead.”the article read.A.introducing B.announcingC.implyingD.advertising5.B。由常识可知，报社应是。由常识可知，报社应是“发布发布”消息；消息；根据动宾关系，能与宾语根据动宾关系，能与宾语“阿尔弗雷德阿尔弗雷德诺诺贝尔死亡的消息贝尔死亡的

23、消息”搭配的也应当是搭配的也应当是“发布发布”，而不是而不是“介绍介绍”“”“暗示暗示”“”“给给做广告做广告”，故选故选B，announce(give information about)。高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（4）根据上文信息推理根据上文信息推理根据下文信息推理根据下文信息推理 运用运用逻辑逻辑推理推理根据上文信息推理根据上文信息推理例例1On April 12,1888,Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack.A major French newspaper mistook his brother

24、 for him and“Dr.Alfred Nobel,who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before,died yesterday.”Nobel was _ to find out not that he had died,but that,when his time was up,he would be thought of only as one who profited from death and destruction.A.upset B.anxious C.excited D

25、.pleased解析解析前面讲报道中的两件事：一是报社前面讲报道中的两件事：一是报社误以为诺贝尔是他的兄弟死了，二是说他误以为诺贝尔是他的兄弟死了，二是说他是靠发现更快的杀人方式发财。根据生活是靠发现更快的杀人方式发财。根据生活常识，作为诺贝尔本人，看到这篇报道，常识，作为诺贝尔本人，看到这篇报道，不可能感到不可能感到“渴望渴望(anxious)”“兴奋兴奋(excited)”或或“高兴高兴(pleased)”，而应当是，而应当是“不高兴不高兴(upset)”，故选，故选A。本句大意：诺。本句大意：诺贝尔感到不快，不是因为报社误解他死了，贝尔感到不快，不是因为报社误解他死了，而是在他死后被认为

26、是一个靠制造死亡和而是在他死后被认为是一个靠制造死亡和毁灭而赚钱的人。毁灭而赚钱的人。例例3 Not all of these fairies are the friendly,people-loving characters that appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are_ and cause much human suffering.A.powerful B.cruel C.frightened D.extraordinary根据下文信息推理根据下文信息推理解析解析根据空格后面的信息根据空格后面的信息“and cause

27、 much human suffering(会造成人类的痛苦会造成人类的痛苦)”可以推断出，可以推断出，“在某些民间故事中，仙女是在某些民间故事中，仙女是残酷的残酷的”，故选故选B)。1.It was then feared that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away and replaced the human baby with a fairy Changeling.There were many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over the babys h

28、ead while he slept or covering him with some of his fathers clothes were just two of the recommended methods.However,hope was not lost even if the baby had been .A.missed B.stolen C.found D.lost解析解析空格前两句说人们害怕仙女来空格前两句说人们害怕仙女来偷小孩偷小孩(stolen the baby away)及其阻及其阻止此事发生的方法，所以空格句应是止此事发生的方法，所以空格句应是“即使小孩被偷走了，

29、也还是有希望即使小孩被偷走了，也还是有希望的的”，故选，故选B。2.To make sure that he was 26 with love and respect,Nobel arranged in his 27 to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel Prizes,which would be awarded to people who made great contributions to the causes of peace,literature,and the sciences.So basical

30、ly,Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.26.A.repaidB.described C.supportedD.remembered27.A.bookB.article C.willD.contract 解析解析第第26题，由空格后面的信息题，由空格后面的信息“诺贝尔诺贝尔在遗嘱中安排捐出他的钱来设立诺贝尔奖在遗嘱中安排捐出他的钱来设立诺贝尔奖”可以推出，其目的是为了让自己被别人爱戴与可以推出，其目的是为了让自己被别人爱戴与尊敬地尊敬地“纪念，铭记纪念，铭记(remembered)”他，而不他，

31、而不是是“报答报答(repaid)”“描述描述(described)”“支持支持(supported)”他，从而改变当时人们对他的看他，从而改变当时人们对他的看法，法，故选故选D。第第27题，由最后一句中的题，由最后一句中的die这一关键词可以这一关键词可以得到启示，设立诺贝尔奖应是在他的得到启示，设立诺贝尔奖应是在他的“遗嘱遗嘱(will)”中作的安排，中作的安排，故选故选C。Summary语篇信息语篇信息并列关系并列关系因果关系因果关系同类关系同类关系类属关系类属关系 相对关系相对关系 语义复现语义复现同词复现同词复现同义复现同义复现结构复现结构复现前后搭配前后搭配动介搭配动介搭配动宾搭配动宾搭配句式搭配句式搭配习语搭配习语搭配逻辑推理逻辑推理复现复现同现同现 1.题型专练与纠错：题型17 议论文 passage 1 2.总结本课出现的重点词和词组。2019-10-12