初中定语从句讲解 共课件.pptx

1、 概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子.(Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,叫做叫做定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when,why1.The man is a farmer.2.The man

2、 is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子:The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.The shop is at the end of the street.The shop sells flowers.The shop that sells flowers is at the end of the street.定语从句的用法定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时当先行词是物时,用用which 或或that引导引导.既可以做主语也可以做宾语。既可以做主语也可以做宾语。These are the trees w

3、ere planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时,用用who,whom,whose,that引导引导.who,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语.The man is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语（可宾语（可以省略）以省略）The woman they wanted to visit is a t

4、eacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit.分解分解作宾语作宾语whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语.I know the girl mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语 that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省作宾语可省略）略）A plane is a machine.It can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man.I

5、told you about him.He is the man(that)I told you about.只能用that的情况 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.everything,something,nothing,anything,等不定代词作先行词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true.先行词被every,some,no

6、,all,any,little,much等修饰时。Ive read all the books that you lend me.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。This is the only book that belongs to him.主句已有who或which时Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.当先行词同时指人和物时Ive never heard of the people a

7、nd things that you talked about just now.1.I have a friend _(主语）likes listening to classical music.2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _（宾语）I gave her.3.The man _（定语）leg broke in a match used to be a football player.who/thatthat/whichwhose4.My parents live in a house_（主语）is more than 100 yea

8、rs old.5.The boy with _（宾语）John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6.Kevin is reading a book _（主语）is too difficult for him.which/that7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9.The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat Fill in the blanks1.The te

9、rrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.6.Who is the man _ is rea

10、ding under the tree?7.My hometown is not the same one _ it usedto be twenty years ago.thatthatthatthatthatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music that I can sing along with.4.住在隔壁的那个女人是一名教师.

11、The woman who lives next door is a teacher.关系副词when,where和关系代词 that,which的区分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when，有时使用that/which。请比较以下句子：This is the park that we visited last year.This is the park where we held a birthday party.Thats the date when we went to the college.Thats the da

12、te that she wont forget forever.关系副词when,where,why 和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which 1.I wont forget the date when(on which)I was born.=I wont forget the date which I was born on.2.This is the room where(in which)I lived.=This

13、 is the room which I lived in.3.I dont know the reason why(for which)he havent come today.“介词关系代词”即“介词which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2)I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3)I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to

14、college.on whichduring whichin whichB.与从句谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found the book _ I paid29 dollars?2)Have you found the book _ I spent29 US dollars?3)Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4)Have you found the book _ she often talks?for whichon whichfrom whichabout which Fill in the blanks.1.I still

15、remember the day _ we spent inthe forest.2.I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3.The factory _ we will visit is large.4.The factory _ his father works is large.that/whichwhen/on whichthat/whichwhere/in which Corrections1.The man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher.who2.Who i

16、s the man you just shook hands with him.3.Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.(where which)4.This is the best dictionary which I have ever used.(which that)5.The house where we live in is not very large.(where which/that)6.The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up inthe earthquake.He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。A blind man who leans against a wall imagines that its the boundary of the world.坐井观天。good