高考英语一轮复习:状语从句(全)解析课件.pptx
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1、状语从句Adverbial Clauses 修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子,表示行为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度,结果等的词,短语或句子叫状语.试分析句子中的状语:1.She usually gets up at 7 oclock.2.I saw him playing basketball on the playground.3.Toms father got up early to catch the early bus.4.Luckily,he got to the airport on time.5.He was doing his homework when his fath
2、er came back.What are“Adverbial Clauses”?状语从句是用来表示主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因、方式、结果、目的、地点、比较、让步等关系的从句。考点一 状语从句分类状语从句分类状语从句状语从句1.1.时间时间状语从句状语从句2.2.地点地点状语从句状语从句3.原因原因状语从句状语从句4.条件条件状语从句状语从句5.让步让步状语从句状语从句6.目的目的状语从句状语从句7.结果结果状语从句状语从句8.方式方式状语从句状语从句9.比较比较状语从句状语从句1.时间时间状语从句状语从句常用连接词如下常用连接词如下:when,while,as,till/until,no
3、t till/until,before,since,after,once,as soon as特殊连接词:immediately/directly/instantly the moment/the instant/the minute,by the time/each time/every time/whenever no sooner than,hardly(scarcely)when 连词 词义 用法 when 当.的时候 状语从句谓语动词可是延续性动词,也可是瞬间动词既可以指一个时间点,也可以是一段时间,可表示主从句的动作同时或先后发生 while 当.的时候 状语从句谓语动词是延续性动
4、词指一段时间,强调某一段时间内,主从句动作同时发生 as 一边.一边.随着状语从句谓语动词是延续性动词强调主句从句动作相并发生1)when/while/as例句:When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sunday.When the film ended,the people went back.While he was reading,his wife was cooking.As time goes on,its getting warmer and warmer.题组训练,用when/while/as填空_ I was wal
5、king at the bus stop,I noticed a police car in front of the store._John arrived,I was cooking lunch._he grew older,he lost interest in everything except garedning.When/While/AsWhenAs注意:另外,when/while还作并列连词,连接并列分句,while表示“而,可是”如:I like reading while my wife enjoys watching TV.when表示“就在这时”在下列结构中,表示某件事正
6、在发生或刚刚发生,另一动作同时发生。1.be about to do when2.be doing when3.had done whene.g.We were about to start when it began to rain.I was playing computer games when mom came in.注意特殊结构1)One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ my daughter heard cries for help.A.after B.while C.since D.when 2)我正在做饭
7、,这时,门铃响了。I was doing some cooking when the doorbell rang.3)I was about to leave work when it began to rain heavily.我正要下班,这时,天开始下大雨了 4)He had just finished his homework when the light went out.他刚好完成他的作业突然灯熄灭了。2).till/until和not.until3)after,beforeafter意为:在.之后before意为:在.之前,还未.就.,不到.就.,.才.,还没来得及.就.例句:He
8、 changed his idea after he thought it over.他在仔细思考了之后改变了注意。It was half a year before I came back.半年后我才回来。We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.我们跑了不到一英里他就感觉累了。Its/will be+一段时间 before+一般现在时 表示过了多久才Its/will(not)be+一段时间 before+一般现在时 4)since引导的时间状语从句since意为“自从.”,引导的从句谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,通常用一般过去式,主句的谓语动词是延续性
9、的或者反复发生的动作,时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时She has been working in this factory since she left school.自从她离开学校就在这个工厂工作。It is three years since I began to smoke a cigar.我吸雪茄已经三年了。5)表示一.就.的连词注意:no sooner.than.,hardly/scarely.when.所在的主句谓语动词用过去完成时,而than、when引导的从句后面应用一般过去时。此外,当把no sooner,hardly/scarely提到句首时,其主句要用倒装语序We
10、had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left.=No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我们一到火车站,火车就离站了。6)every time,each time,next time,the last time,any time引导时间状语从句,表示引导时间状语从句,表示“每当每当.,每次,每次.,下次下次.”等。等。Every/Each time I was in trouble,he would come to help me out.每当我处
11、于困境,他就会来帮助我。Next time you come,do remember to bring your son here.下次你来的时候,一定记得把你儿子带来。practice1.Ill tell him to give you a call _ he comes back.A.because B.since C.as soon as D.but2.Dont forget to wash your hands_ you have meals.A.until B.before C.when D.while3.-Where was your brother at this time la
12、st night?-He was writing an e-mail _ I was watching TV at home.A.as soon as B.after C.until D.while4.-Hurry up.The bus is coming.-Wait a moment.Dont cross the street_ the traffic lights are green.Aafter B.until C.while D since5.All the students have learned a lot _they came to this school.A.when B.a
13、s soon as C.since D.while2.地点状语从句连接词:where/wherever位置:指具体时间时,从句可放在任何地方;表示抽象 的含义时,从句需放在主句之前 a.Just stay where you are.b.Wherever you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.c.Where there is a will,there is a way.3.原因状语从句连词:because因为 as由于 since/now that既然 for因为in that 因为 seeing that鉴于 considering that考虑到
14、because:直接原因,非推断。语气最强回答whysince:显而易见的已知的原因,译为“既然”,通常放句首。as:不谈自明的原因,语气最弱for:附加、推断的原因,通常放句中,引导后半句表原因。a.Since/As the weather is so bad,we have to delay our journey.b.He is absent today because he is ill.c.He must be ill,for he is absent today.4.条件状语从句 条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将
15、来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导:if,unless (除非),as/so long as(只要),in case(假使),providing/provided(that)(如果),supposing(that)(假若,倘使),on condition that(条件是)等。ifas long as1.We will be able to get there on time,_ our car doesnt break down on the road.A.as soon as B.as far asC.as long as D.as well as1.The little boy wont g
16、o to sleep his mother tells him a story.A.or B.unless C.but D.whether5.让步状语从句连接词:although/though(尽管,虽然);as(尽管,虽然);when(尽管);evev though/even if(即使);whether.or.(不管.还是.);疑问词+ever/no matter+疑问词(不管.;无论.)让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后,有时插在主句中间。1)He is unhappy,_ he has a lot of money.2)Child _ he is,the boy knows a lot.3
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