SAT语法重点讲义课件.pptx

1、SAT语法重点语法重点1索引索引SAT语法介绍语法介绍3SAT语法常见考点语法常见考点599%错的内容错的内容6平行结构平行结构9虚拟虚拟语气语气79倒装倒装113非谓语非谓语138独立独立主格主格205同位语同位语210名词名词224形容词和副词形容词和副词244定语定语从句从句301代词代词338单词辨析单词辨析347时态时态390句子结构句子结构412专题专题1 能力的表达能力的表达461专题专题2 as和和like462专题专题3 not only,but also的用法的用法471专题专题4 whereas的用法的用法474专题专题5 need的用法的用法476专题专题6 to or

2、 to doing?477专题专题7 doing是动词还是名词是动词还是名词480专题专题8 although和和though482专题专题9 doing/done的修饰的修饰484专题专题10 形容词的被动形容词的被动487专题专题11 状语的修饰状语的修饰489专题专题12 being的用法的用法491什么是句子？什么是句子？5932Section？25分钟分钟35题题IS题题 Improving SentenceNo.1-No.11ISE题题 Identifying Sentence ErrorsNo 12-No.29IP题题 Improving ParagraphNo.30-No.35

3、Section 10 10分钟分钟14题题IS题题 Improving SentenceNo.1-No.143ISE常见考点常见考点1.名词单复数名词单复数2.主谓一致：主谓一致：do/does,is/are/倒装倒装3.形容词副词形容词副词:good/well,quick/quickly4.比较级比较级/最高级：最高级：more better/most best/much more easier5.比较内容比较内容/主体：主体：A than B/that of B;compare A with B;prefer A to B;A as adj/adv as B;not so much A a

4、s B,rather than6.固定搭配：固定搭配：bothand/compared with/to/not only,but also/eitheror/neithernor/介词搭配介词搭配 7.时态：时态：since,for,by,when,before,after,ago8.连词连词/副词：副词：although,though,but,because,in that,as,since,for,whereas/whereby,yet,so/thus,therefore,hence,thereby,notwithstanding,nevertheless,however,still,al

5、so,then9.非谓语的平行，非谓语的平行，作用，逻辑主语和时态：作用，逻辑主语和时态：to do/doing/done10.平行结构平行结构11.句子结构（少谓语句子结构（少谓语fragment，多谓语，多谓语runon）12.句意句意13.词法词法4SAT语法中语法中99%错错1.Plus：plus being,plus that2.Being that:应改为应改为since that/now that/in that3.Because is why/is because/because of doing4.more better/more happier/much more easi

6、er5.had did/had ran/had swam/had took6.both as well as/in addition to/neitheror7.people which8.it made it(主宾语一致，宾语用反身代词主宾语一致，宾语用反身代词self)9.by/on/for/in/through/of me/him/them/it/us doing10.not only and also/but in addition/as well/too11.this/that单独出现指前句内容单独出现指前句内容that可用于比较代词可用于比较代词12.would of done13

7、.be动词动词+特殊疑问词（特殊疑问词（when,where,who,how,what,why）14.If would have done15.Regarding/in regards to/in regards with/as to表关于表关于5Improving Paragraph1、语法题：、语法题：(1)划线修改划线修改:代词和时态代词和时态(分析选项的不同，代词准分析选项的不同，代词准确指代，时态合理一致确指代，时态合理一致)(2)二合一体二合一体：句间关系，：句间关系，O1=S2，用同位语或定，用同位语或定语从句连接即可语从句连接即可2、阅读题：、阅读题：(1)句首加词：承上启下句

8、首加词：承上启下(转折，递进，举例转折，递进，举例)(2)插入句子：段落间（段首段尾），逻辑关系插入句子：段落间（段首段尾），逻辑关系（oneanother;some others;on one hand on the other hand）(3)整句修改（代词，句间关系，全删）整句修改（代词，句间关系，全删）(4)指代题（指代题（it,one,them）(5)写作手法（比喻修辞，写作手法（比喻修辞，anecdote，humor）6绝对平行绝对平行相对平行相对平行隐晦平行隐晦平行最重要依据：最重要依据：and/but7绝对平行绝对平行 形式，词性，单复数和格都完全相同的平行形式，词性，单复数和

9、格都完全相同的平行 两者两者A and B/A or B/A but B healthy and strong health and strength being healthy and being strong to be healthy and to be strong a healthy and strong boy a healthy,strong boy a healthy strong boy a healthily strong boy?健康地健壮，意味着还有不健康地健壮，因此一般还是健康地健壮，意味着还有不健康地健壮，因此一般还是错的，应该修饰错的，应该修饰boy The bo

10、y is healthy strong.做表语不能这样用，只能用做表语不能这样用，只能用and/或或but连接连接 或者或者He is short but strong.8 an incredible beautiful girl？an incredibly beautiful girl an interesting,devoted man The man,demanding but determined,is my friend.9 The habitat in which(A)sequoia trees grow,extends(B)from southern Oregon to nort

11、hern California,is kept(C)damp year-round by heavy(D)seasonal rains,cool coastal air,and fog.No error(E)B extending heavy seasonal rains为什么不用为什么不用heavily？10ABC绝对平行绝对平行 三者或多者只能在最后一个平行内容前加三者或多者只能在最后一个平行内容前加and A,B,and/or C SVO,SVO,SVO,and SVO.SVO,VO,VO,VO,and VO.SVO,O,O,O,O,O,O,O and O.S1,S2,S3,S99 an

12、d S100 VO.SVO when SVO,(when)SVO,and(when)SVO.不能出现不能出现SVO,SVO and VO.或者或者SVO,VO and SVO.11 The night before the playoffs began(A),the coach advised her players to eat a balanced dinner,to relax and enjoy(B)themselves(C),and they should get(D)plenty of rest.No error(E)D:to get to relax 和和 enjoy关系紧密关系

13、紧密12 Today more and more women are becoming doctors,lawyers,engineers,chemists,or other professions.A:or other professionsB:or they work in other professionsC:or at work in other professional fieldsD:or professionals in other fieldsE:or in other professional fieldsDprofession是职业，是职业，professional是专业人

14、士，是专业人士，所以再次不得不用表示人的词与前面平行所以再次不得不用表示人的词与前面平行13潜在问题潜在问题 A,B,as well as C A,B,in addition to C A,B,also C A,B,not C A,and B,and C A,B,along with C A,B,together with C A and B,as well as C A和和B两者平行，两者平行，C是插入语和补充说明是插入语和补充说明 A,B and C,and D B和和C关系紧密关系紧密A,BC,D;或或ABC平行，和平行，和D平行平行;ABC,D A and B,and C and D

15、A和和B关系紧密关系紧密,C 和和D关系紧密，两者平行关系紧密，两者平行14 I love A,as well as B.I know two people,A as well as B.A as well as B is 看看A A with B is 看看A A and B are15ABC绝对平行绝对平行 I love you,him,as well as her.I love you,him,in addition to her.I love you,him,together with her.I love you,him,along with her.I like TOEFL,吃喝拉

16、撒吃喝拉撒and睡睡,and SAT.I like 吹拉弹吹拉弹and唱唱,and 琴棋书琴棋书and画画.16 Having command of pathos,tragedy,as well as humor,George Eliot is considered to be a great English novelist.A:Having command of pathos,tragedy,as well as humorB:Having command of pathos,tragedy,and her humorous sideC:By being in command of bot

17、h pathos and tragedy and also humorD:With her command of pathos and tragedy and being humorousE:Because of her command of pathos,tragedy,and humorEB的平行内容改变的平行内容改变17 The psychologist states that most people want the same things:interesting and meaningful work,respect,and to have them be loved for the

18、mselves alone.A:interesting and meaningful work,respect,and to have them be loved for themselves aloneB:to have interesting and meaningful work,respect,and loved for themselves aloneC:work that has interest and is meaningful,to have respect,and to be beloved for themselves aloneD:interesting and mea

19、ningful work,respect,and their own loveE:to have interesting and meaningful work,to be respected,and to be loved for themselves aloneED是工作尊重和爱情，是工作尊重和爱情，E和原句表达的是工作，尊重和原句表达的是工作，尊重和自己的爱人只爱自己一个。和自己的爱人只爱自己一个。18AB绝对平行绝对平行固定搭配中的固定搭配中的AB一般是一致的一般是一致的 both A and B either A or B neither A nor B prefer A to B

20、not only,but also as as not so as not so much as rather than19AB绝对平行绝对平行 A,not B not A,but B A,as well as B A,in addition to B In addition to B,A A,compared with B Like A,B is Unlike A,B is 同位语和修饰的名词一致，且保持介词一致，不能同位语和修饰的名词一致，且保持介词一致，不能修饰代词修饰代词 As A,B is 其中其中A=B，或者，或者A=后面全句后面全句 As a preparation for SA

21、T,we recite words.20 Like _(I),you are also a student.me!like是介词，只能加宾格是介词，只能加宾格 Unlike Beijing,in Shanghai,people care more about money.in Beijing In addition to _ (be a teacher),he is also a poet.being a teacher 如果是如果是a teacher，就是除了一个老师以外，就是除了一个老师以外（另一个人），他也是个诗人。（另一个人），他也是个诗人。In addition to house,h

22、e also has money.21 Members of the Alvin Ailey Dance Company have(A)once again shown how(B)the combination of strength and being agile(C)can produce(D)beautiful movements.No error(E)C:agility 如果有选项也可以，把如果有选项也可以，把strength改成改成being strong22 You cannot expect to treat your friends badly and no one noti

23、ces.A:and no one noticesB:and have no one noticeC:without notice by someoneD:without notice by no oneE:without the result of somebody noticingB可以变为可以变为and to have，和，和to treat平行，都是平行，都是expect的内容，的内容，C应该改为应该改为without being noticed by someone else23 The main reasons students give for failing to partici

24、pate in the political process is that they have demanding assignments and work at part-time jobs.A:is that they have demanding assignments and work at B:are demanding assignments and they work atC:are that they have demanding assignments and that they work atD:is having demanding assignments and hav

25、ing to work atE:are demanding assignments,in addition to working atCC是两个是两个that 从句的平行，从句的平行，E只有一个只有一个demanding assignments，in addition to是非主要内容，因为改是非主要内容，因为改变句意了变句意了24 Caricaturists evoke humor by blending the realistic with comedy in portraits.A.by blending the realistic with comedy B.by blending t

26、he realistic and the comic C.in a blending of realism with the comic D.when their blending reality with the comic E.through blends of reality and comic B 谁和谁平行？谁和谁平行？blend A with B blend A and B in/into C25 In researching an individuals life,the biographer must sift through facts,opinions,untruths,a

27、nd different accounts of the same events.A:different accounts of the same eventsB:different people telling different accounts of the same eventsC:events told in different ways by different peopleD:accounts about events that are differentE:people that tell different accounts of eventsA是对相同事件的不同解释，不是不

28、同事件，因此是对相同事件的不同解释，不是不同事件，因此选选A。前面的。前面的facts,opinions,untruths,and accounts平行，她们都是平行，她们都是events的内容。的内容。26 He presented himself before the judge,knowing full well that he was guilty yet hoping for leniency.A:yet hopingB:yet he hopedC:and he hopedD:and yet hopedE:and he was hopingAyet前后到底谁和谁平行！前后到底谁和谁平

29、行！knowing his guilt yet hoping for leniency这样更清晰平行关系这样更清晰平行关系27 Understanding that she could not take her illness lightly and hoping for swift,effective treatment,Maria decided to see a specialist.A.and hoping for swift,effective treatment B.yet she hoped for swift,effective treatment C.and still sh

30、e hoped for swift,effective treatment D.yet hoping for her treatment to be swift and effective E.and still she was hoping that her treatment would be swift and effective A 并没有转折并没有转折28 In the early eighteenth century,English poets and painters imagined the countryside filled with shepherds enjoying

31、a life of leisure and drawing on natures bounty for their sustenance.A:enjoying a life of leisure and drawingB:enjoying a life of leisure,and they drawC:who were enjoying a life of leisure,to drawD:who enjoyed a life of leisure,then they drewE:they enjoyed a life of leisure to drawA是是shepherds享受休闲的生

32、活和依靠享受休闲的生活和依靠(draw on)大大自然的恩赐自然的恩赐=who enjoyed and drew29 For many a brilliant architect,being free to innovate is more important than being well paid.A:being free to innovate is more important thanB:having freedom of innovation is more important thanC:there is more importance in the freedom to inn

33、ovate thanD:freedom to innovate has more importance thanE:to have the freedom to innovate is more important thanAbeing free和和being well paid平行平行many an architect=many architects，但是按照单数来，但是按照单数来计算计算30绝对平行绝对平行 格的平行，形式的平行格的平行，形式的平行both you and I/me；you and I/me Who loves her?Both you and _ Who does she

34、 love?Both you and _ I，me 实际考试中出现实际考试中出现both you and可以将可以将both,you和和and删掉，删掉，只看是只看是I还是还是me就可以，但如果是人名就可以，但如果是人名and人名就很复杂人名就很复杂ZF loves LS more than YMH.谁比谁爱谁更多？谁比谁爱谁更多？YMH和和ZF平行一般会加上平行一般会加上does 对比对比between,among,like,unlikeBetween you and _/among _/like _me,us,me,between和和among,like,unlike是介词是介词Doing

35、 rather than doingTo do rather than(to)do-to经常省略经常省略Doing is doing;to do is to doSeeing is believing./To see is to believe.31 If we compare the number of alligators with the Gila monster over time,we see that the alligator is in decline.A.If we compare the number of alligators with the Gila monster

36、over time,we see that the alligator isB.Comparing the number of alligators and the Gila monster,we see that alligators areC.In comparison with Gila monsters,the number of alligators areD.To compare the alligator with Gila monsters is to show that it isE.A comparison over time of the numbers of allig

37、ators and Gila monsters shows that alligators areE两种类别的比较，一般或者同为单数或者同为复数，因此两种类别的比较，一般或者同为单数或者同为复数，因此只有只有E是相同的，比较内容如果为是相同的，比较内容如果为number，那么或者，那么或者是是number of A 比比number of B，或者是，或者是numbers of A and B32compare A with B 比较比较compare A to B 把把A比作比作 B(也用作比较也用作比较)compare the numbers of A and B比较比较A和和B的数量，是

38、对的的数量，是对的所以上题只能是所以上题只能是compare the number of A with that of Bcompare the numbers of A and B其中其中A和和B单复数一致单复数一致compare their numbers33 Saffron,one of the worlds(A)most expensive spices,(B)has been used as a fragrance,dye,medicine,and(C)to season food for(D)more than 3,000 years.C:food seasoning调味品，不是调

39、味品，不是seasonal food季节性食品。如果季节性食品。如果to do和和as平行也可平行也可以！但是要在以！但是要在medicine之前再加一个之前再加一个and Saffron has been used as a fragrance,dye,and medicine,and to season food for more than 3,000 years.34It is used to do A,for doing B and as C.是对的是对的因为只是用了三个不同的用法，但分别因为只是用了三个不同的用法，但分别正确。当然，一般还是尽量绝对平行，正确。当然，一般还是尽量绝对平

40、行，都是都是to do或或for或或as。等同于等同于SVO because SVO and also because of XXX.35 To insist that a poem means whatever one(A)wants it(B)to mean is often ignoring(C)the intention and even(D)the words of the poet.No error(E)C:to ignoreTo do is to do.36 Contrary to popular myth,many people enjoy working and even r

41、eport higher levels of satisfaction during work hours than during leisure time.A.and even report B.but who also report C.as well as even reporting D.but even reporting E.which they even report A enjoy和和report平行平行37 Its settlement(A)of the strike demonstrated that(B)the company can maintain(C)strong

42、labor relations,treat its employees well,while still making(D)a reasonable profit.No error D and still make while doing是从句，前面主句就不能是从句，前面主句就不能 maintain,treat,while making了了 只能只能maintain,treat and make 或者或者maintain and treat,while making.38 Chaplin will not be remembered for espousing radical causes a

43、ny more than they will remember Wayne for endorsing conservative political candidates.A:any more than they will remember WayneB:as will Wayne not be rememberedC:any more than Wayne will be rememberedD:just as they will not remember WayneE:no more than Wayne will be rememberedC比较同为两个人被人记住的程度，比较同为两个人被

44、人记住的程度，A不如不如B，并，并非是两个人不被人记住的程度；前者有非是两个人不被人记住的程度；前者有not，那么后者就无需再出现那么后者就无需再出现no或或not了了Chaplin will be remembered no more than/as much as Wayne will be remembered.39介词的绝对平行介词的绝对平行 The famous battle depicted in the film Braveheart took place in northern England,and many people assume that it was the Sco

45、ttish Highlands.(A)and many people assume that it was(B)many people assuming(C)but many people assume it to be(D)not what many people assume(E)not,as many people assume,in E 既然比较的是发生地，那么介词既然比较的是发生地，那么介词in就必须出现就必须出现to have taken place in。C如果将如果将it改为改为the place就无需就无需加加in，因为，因为it只能指名词只能指名词battle或或film所

46、以不能是所以不能是Highlands40 Chop suey originated in the United States,and many people assume that it was China.A:and many people assume that it wasB:many people assumingC:not,as many people assume,inD:not what many people assume beingE:but many people assume it to beC41 The first emperor of Rome was August

47、us,and many people think that it was Julius Caesar.A:and many people think that it wasB:many people thinkingC:not,as many people think,D:not what many people are thinking,E:but many people think it to be C42 I like Beijing,not Shanghai.I like living in Beijing,not in Shanghai.either to Beijing or to

48、 Shanghai to either Beijing or Shanghai to Beijing or Shanghai/to Beijing or to Shanghai 没有没有either的限制就都对，既可以是的限制就都对，既可以是to的平行，也可的平行，也可以说是地点的平行以说是地点的平行 只不过没有只不过没有 either to Beijing or Shanghai to either Beijing or to Shanghai 可以可以 either today or in the past43 The revolt against Victorianism was per

49、haps even more marked in poetry than either fiction or drama.A:either fiction or dramaB:either fiction or in dramaC:either in fiction or drama D:in either fiction or drama E:in either fiction or in dramaF:either in fiction or in dramaDF44 Like his other(A)cookbooks,in his new book Chef Louis offers

50、lengthy explanations of what(B)he considers(C)to be(D)basic cooking principles.No error(E)A:Like in his other45 In the novel Agnes Gray,Anne Bronte presented a fictionalized account of both she and her sisters bizarre experiences as teachers in the houses of Victorian aristocrats.A:of both she and h