Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Using language Writing （ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、To read the article and answer some questionsTo write an essay about the story of Shackleton and his men on the ship EnduranceImagine we were members of the crew,what can we eat and drink and how?What else can we do on the island?How can we cheer ourselves up?THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCEWhat is the s

2、tructure of the passage?1.This is a continuation of the story of Shackletons men who were left on Elephant Island.In Pairs,predict what happened the crew members.Then read the memoir below to see if your predictions were correct.What problems would the people remaining on Elephant Island face?What d

3、o you think was the biggest challenge for them?How long do you think they had stayed on the island?Were they finally rescued?Difficulties:melt ice to get waterburn animal fat to make firestaying alivefoodwaterno vegetables or fruitonly eat sea creaturesweatherchanging temperaturesSweat freezes very

4、quickly.illnesschanging weatherblack smoke attitudeoptimistic,positive,celebration activitiesrescuedrelief,joyI predict that the crew members struggled with keeping warm in the terrible conditions.They also would have found it hard to find food and make fire.The ice would have been moving and breaki

5、ng took,which would be very dangerous.I predict that Shackleton would be successful in rescuing his men,though I am not sure if all of them survived for that long.1.What did the men eat and drink on the island?2.What were the dangers of living on the island?Read the text again and answer the followi

6、ng questions.The men ate the meat of sea creatures and drank water from melted ice.The dangers of living on the island were the changing temperatures,lack of food and water,and the black smoke from burning animal fat.3.How did the men stay in good spirits while waiting to be rescued?The men stayed i

7、n good spirits by being disciplined and staying positive.They celebrated birthdays,festivals,and every time when they caught a sea animal.4.What do you think were the key reasons for their survival?I think the key reasons for their survival were their discipline and positive mental attitude,as well

8、as the reliability of Shackleton.5.If you were one of the men on Elephant Island,would you have trusted Shackleton?Why or why not?I would have trusted Shackleton as he was a man of honour and would do all he possibly could to save us.How would you describe Shackleton?why?What qualities of Shackleton

9、 make you trust him or not trust him?Do you think he would abandon the crew on the island?Can you explain in your own words how he earned the other members trust?If you were Shackleton,what would you do?1.What if they were delayed?What if?如果如果会怎么样呢？会怎么样呢？(=What would happen if?)(1)表示假设，意为表示假设，意为“假若假

10、若”“”“假若假若怎么办怎么办”“”“要要是是将会怎么样将会怎么样”。其后句子可用陈述语气。其后句子可用陈述语气(用一般现在用一般现在时时)，也可用虚拟语气，也可用虚拟语气(用一般过去时或用一般过去时或should+动词原形动词原形)。若是针对过去的情况，从句则用过去完成时。若是针对过去的情况，从句则用过去完成时。eg What if it rains when we cant get to school on time?What if the assistant came tomorrow instead of this afternoon?(2)表示邀请或建议，表示邀请或建议，“如果如果怎

11、么样怎么样”“”“如果如果如何如何”eg What if you join us for lunch?(3)表示不重要，表示不重要，“就算就算那又怎样那又怎样”，通常与，通常与so连用。若连用。若句意清楚，句意清楚，so what if有时可省略成有时可省略成so what。eg So what if he gave up the election.Who cares?Im afraid its too expensive.So what?Weve plenty of money.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)_(如果机器人坏掉怎如果机器人坏掉怎么办么办)right as it

12、is serving hot soup or tea?2)_?(要是我们把沙发要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样挪到这边来会怎么样)Would that look better?3)_(就算就算那又怎样那又怎样)nobody else agrees with me?What if the robot breaks downWhat if we moved the sofa over hereSo what if2.There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil,so the only fuel we could use was anima

13、l fat.There be+主语主语+非谓语动词非谓语动词该句式中，非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的主语。具该句式中，非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的主语。具体形式：体形式：(1)There be+主语主语+doing（表示主动和进行）（表示主动和进行）eg There are 300 people moving to the new factory in the south.(2)There be+主语主语+done(表示被动或完成表示被动或完成)eg In this book,there are passages learnt before.(3)There will be+主语主语+t

14、o do(表示动作尚未发生表示动作尚未发生)eg There will be some problems to discuss at the conference.【注意注意】当主语与其后的不定式是被动关系时，不定式用主动语态和当主语与其后的不定式是被动关系时，不定式用主动语态和被动语态均可，有些没有意义上的区别，有些则有区别。被动语态均可，有些没有意义上的区别，有些则有区别。【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)There are some citizens _(站站在画廊前在画廊前).2)There is a red car _(停在房子外面停在房子外面).3)_(无事可做无事可做)

15、and he just sits there absent-minded.standing in front of the gallery parked outside the houseThere is nothing to do3.This gave off oily,black smoke,but it stayed burning even in strong winds.give off it produces a gas,heat,or a smell and sends it out into the air.放出放出（热、光、气味或气体（热、光、气味或气体）eg The woo

16、d gave off a sweet,perfumed smell as it burned.Natural gas gives off less carbon dioxide than coal.give构成的其他短语：构成的其他短语：give out 发出（尖叫等）；分发；用完发出（尖叫等）；分发；用完give in 屈服；投降屈服；投降 give away 泄露（秘密）；赠送；颁发泄露（秘密）；赠送；颁发give back 归还，送回归还，送回【语境应用语境应用】用用give的相关短语完成句子。的相关短语完成句子。1)Happier people are more likely to v

17、olunteer,to _ money,to help others and to be friendly.2)The wood _ a sweet smell as it burns.3)My money was beginning to _ and there were no jobs to be found.give away gives off give out4.If it werent for sea animals,we would all starve.本句是本句是虚拟条件句虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设。，表示与现在事实相反的假设。if 从从句的谓语形式是句的谓语形式是

18、were/动词过去式动词过去式，其对应的主句的谓语，其对应的主句的谓语形式是形式是would+动词原形动词原形。eg If I lived near my office,I would walk to work.If I were you,I would plant some trees round the house.【拓展拓展】虚拟句中主句和从句的谓语形式一览表虚拟句中主句和从句的谓语形式一览表从句谓语的形式从句谓语的形式主句谓语的形式主句谓语的形式与现在事实与现在事实相反相反过去式（过去式（be动词一般动词一般用用were）would/could/should/might+动词原形动词原

19、形与过去事实与过去事实相反相反had+过去分词过去分词would/could/should/might have+过去分词过去分词与将来事实与将来事实相反相反A.过去式（过去式（be动词一动词一般用般用were）B.were to+动词原形动词原形C.should+动词原形动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形动词原形【语境应用语境应用】判断下列句子是与现在事实相反、过去事实相判断下列句子是与现在事实相反、过去事实相反还是与将来事实相反的假设。反还是与将来事实相反的假设。1)If we hadnt made adequate preparations,the con

20、ference wouldnt have been so successful._2)If I knew her number,I could ring her up._3)If I were to do the job,I would do it in a different way._与过去事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与现在事实相反的假设与现在事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设5.And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.pay back retur

21、n（money）偿还偿还return punishment 报复报复 eg We are paying back the loan over 15 years.He paid me back by not coming.pay down 用现金支付；付订金用现金支付；付订金pay for 为为付钱；为付钱；为付出代价付出代价pay off 偿清，付清；提到好结果，取得成功偿清，付清；提到好结果，取得成功pay up(尤指不情愿地尤指不情愿地)全部还清，付清全部还清，付清【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)He burst into tears,begging her to fo

22、rgive him and swearing to pay _ everything he had stolen.2)Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay _ it.3)Her years of hard training paid _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.4)We claimed a refund(退款退款)from the association,but they would not pay _.backforoffup commitment n.a

23、 promise 许诺；承诺许诺；承诺 make a commitment to 对对做出承诺做出承诺 carry out ones commitment 履行某人的承诺履行某人的承诺 make a commitment to do sth.保证保证/承诺做某事承诺做某事 eg Our company has made a commitment to quality and customer service.the hard work and loyalty 献身，奉献，投入献身，奉献，投入 eg I was impressed by the energy and commitment sho

24、wn by the players.【同根词同根词】commit vt.犯罪；承诺；投入（时间、金钱等）犯罪；承诺；投入（时间、金钱等）commit sb./oneself to(doing)sth.承诺做某事承诺做某事 eg Meeting them doesnt commit us to mitted adj.尽心尽力的，坚信的，坚定的尽心尽力的，坚信的，坚定的 be committed to(doing)sth.承诺做某事承诺做某事 eg We are fully committed to Equal Opportunity policies.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)

25、The Canadian government is committed to _(advance)the equality and the use of English and French.2)China remains firm in its _(commit)to strengthening friendship and cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.advancingcommitment6.When we were finally

26、 rescued,we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.such that 如此如此以至于以至于eg The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.(1)such that可用于以下三种句型：可用于以下三种句型：such+a(n)+adj.+可数名词单数可数名词单数+thatsuch+adj.+可数名词复数可数名词复数+thatsuch+adj.+不可数名词不可数名词+that eg This

27、is such a useful dictionary that Im thinking of buying it.They are such fine teachers that we all have great respect for them.He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.(2)so that 用于以下四个句型：用于以下四个句型：so+adj./adv.+thatso+adj.+a(n)+可数名词单数可数名词单数+that so+many/few+可数名词复数可数名词复数+t

28、hatso+much/little(少少)+不可数名词不可数名词+thateg Susan was so exhausted that she couldnt eat dinner.This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it.He has so many books that I cant count them.There was so much food that we couldnt eat it all.【注意注意】(1)so+adj.+a(n)+可数名词单数可数名词单数=such+a(n)+可数名词单可数名词单数

29、。数。eg so difficult a problem=such a difficult problem(2)在在so/such that结构中，当结构中，当so/such置于句首时，置于句首时，要用部分倒装结构。要用部分倒装结构。eg Such was the force of the eruption that the whole town was covered with ash.【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)It was _ noisy that we couldnt hear ourselves speak.2)It was _ nice weather th

30、at we were able to have lunch in the garden.3)He earned _ little money that he couldnt support his family.4)It was _ good an exhibition that I went to see it several times.5)It was _ a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home.sosuchsososuchBased on the diary entries and the memoir you have read,w

31、rite an essay about the story of Shackleton and his men on the ship Endurance.1.Read the story again and think about the following questions.Make notes with your answers.*How does the author describe Shackleton and his crew members?*What kind of relationship did Shackleton have with his crew?*What s

32、truggles did they face?*What were the motives(n.动机动机)for their actions?*What did you like most about the story?2.Begin your essay with a brief summary of the story.Remember to include who,what,where,when,why,and how.whowhenwherehowwhatwhy3.Use your notes and cite examples to explain what you think a

33、bout the characters.4.End your essay by talking about how the story made you feel,and give your overall impressions of the expedition and the men who went on it.Explain why you fell this way.Answer the questionsRead the passage again and answer the questionsWrite a brief summary who,what,when,where,

34、how,whyIdeasEnding What do you think of the characters according to your notes and examplestalk about how the story made you feel and give your overall impressions of the expedition and the men who went on it 概要写作：概要写作：1.1.通读全文，理解文章大意或找出主题句通读全文，理解文章大意或找出主题句 可以运用略读的方法归纳大意，也可通过可以运用略读的方法归纳大意，也可通过找主题句获取

35、大意；只有找主题句获取大意；只有通读全文、理解通读全文、理解文本大意文本大意，才能把握文本的篇章结构和主，才能把握文本的篇章结构和主旨，为写作奠定坚实的基础。旨，为写作奠定坚实的基础。概要写作：概要写作：2.细读文本，抓住要点，省略细节、重复和例子细读文本，抓住要点，省略细节、重复和例子 在掌握全文大意后，我们要找出每段的中心句或试在掌握全文大意后，我们要找出每段的中心句或试着自己概括段落大意。确保着自己概括段落大意。确保要点齐全、概括精准要点齐全、概括精准。除了各段主题句之外，文本还会有很多的细节、例除了各段主题句之外，文本还会有很多的细节、例子，或者可能会重复论证、说明某个主题。这时，子，

36、或者可能会重复论证、说明某个主题。这时，我们只需概括原文中的主要事实，同时去掉例子、我们只需概括原文中的主要事实，同时去掉例子、略去不必要的细节、删除那些突出强调的重复句。略去不必要的细节、删除那些突出强调的重复句。3.改写要点内容，并适当使用连接词改写要点内容，并适当使用连接词 运用所学的语言知识，用自己的语言对各要点进行改运用所学的语言知识，用自己的语言对各要点进行改写。我们应思考怎样用适当的连接词把各个要点连接写。我们应思考怎样用适当的连接词把各个要点连接起来，从而使行文连贯。这样不仅能够把文章中的句起来，从而使行文连贯。这样不仅能够把文章中的句子巧妙地连接在一起，还可使文章显得自然，层

37、层展子巧妙地连接在一起，还可使文章显得自然，层层展开，从而完整地表达中心思想。我们应尽量选用一些开，从而完整地表达中心思想。我们应尽量选用一些短小的连接词短小的连接词，如，如but、then、thus、yet、though、therefore、while等。等。概要写作：概要写作：对这篇文章进行概要写作时，首先要注意归纳对这篇文章进行概要写作时，首先要注意归纳每段的主题句和关键词。每段的主题句和关键词。Para.1：简述目前情况简述目前情况；Para.2-4：重点介绍滞留在象岛上等待救援遇重点介绍滞留在象岛上等待救援遇到的麻烦和困境。到的麻烦和困境。Para.5：讲述永不放弃的精神支撑大家坚持

38、。讲述永不放弃的精神支撑大家坚持。Para.6：讲述最后获救时大家的心情。讲述最后获救时大家的心情。教你审题：教你审题：概要写作概要写作 Para.1Shackleton sailed away to get help.And we felt so alone and desperate.概要写作概要写作 Para.2Life is regular for staying alive took all our time and energy.We are short of water,food,oil.As a chef,I should try my best to vary the mea

39、ls.We can go out often because of the freezing condition.概要写作概要写作 Para.3Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.概要写作概要写作 Para.4Our optimism and faith helped us persevere!We felt such relief and joy that many of us could not

40、 stop crying,when we were rescued.Write a summary This story is about the 1914-1916 expedition by Ernest Shackleton to make the first land crossing of Antarctica.For this task he used the ship,Endurance,with a 28-man crew,including one stowaway.Shackleton is described as calm and brave and takes his

41、 crews safety very seriously.The rest of the crew are also brave,though a few are not very positive,and all were at times understandably worried and desperate about their situation.Overall though,they remained positive.This was helped by the good relationship Shackleton had with his crew who trusted

42、 him and knew he would do his best to save them.The crew faced great troubles once Endurance got stuck in the ice.Soon they had to abandon the ship and camp on the ice.They had to face the extreme weather and cold as well as a dangerous environment and all with limited supplies.All of this added to

43、the mental challenge,so they ahd to maintain a positive state of mind.Shackletons motive was always to make sure his crew survived,and theirs was to last until he had found help.What I like most about this story is that although their expedition failed in achieving its goal,it was not the disaster i

44、t could have been.This was due to Shackletons perseverance in getting help and the crews bravery in surviving for so long.My impression of them is very positive as they must have struggled greatly in such a position of adversity.I felt very happy when I learnt that the whole crew survived.Exchange d

45、rafts with a partner.Use the checklist to give feedback on your partners draft.Checklist Does the essay contain the main points in the story?Is the essay written in the writers own words?Does the writer give his/her opinion about the story?Does the writer present his/her ideas clearly by using linking words and phrases?Finish your writing,and then exchange it with your group members;Check the writing of your group members and learn from them;Revise your writing with the help of your group members or what you have learnt from checking others writings.