Unit 1 Reading and Thinking词汇课（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTSReading and Thinking Language Points 教材原句p.2This illness causes severe diarrhoeap.2This illness causes severe diarrhoea，dehydrationdehydration，and even death.and even death.核心词汇1.severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的搭配 be severe on 对严厉 be severe with oneself 严于律己severe weather 恶劣的天

2、气 severe looks 严肃的表情severe disease 严重的疾病The professor is rather severe on his students.教授对学生相当严厉。We must be severe with ourselves.我们必须严于律己。【词语积累】severely adv.严重地；严格地，严厉地单句语法填空（1）I do not like to be severe_anyone，but our own situation is serious.（2）You should first of all be severe _ yourself and set

3、 an example to your kids.（3）A fire had_（severe）damaged the warehouse.完成句子（4）Dont _（对太苛刻）others errors.onwith severely be too severe on2.In the early 19th century,when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,millions of people died from the disease.die from:die owing to 死于die away(声音、风或光)逐渐消失die down 逐渐变弱；

4、逐渐平息die of 因而死die out 灭绝；消失by dying for/to do sth.渴望得到某物/做某事 die of,die from词条相同点含义例子die of“死于疾病”既可用die of,也可用die from表示。死于(疾病、过度悲伤等内部原因)die of illness/hunger/starvation/cold,etcdie from死于(某种外部原因)die from an earthquake/a traffic accident/drinking,etc.【语境应用】完成句子。1)In 2020,many species of animals _(死于

5、)the forest fire in Australia.2)It is well known that smoking does harm to health.A lot of people _(死于)lung cancer and heart disease due to smoking.died from die of3.In general,doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.contradictory adj.containing or showing

6、a contradiction 互相矛盾的；互相对立的 be contradictory to 与矛盾、相反 e.g.His remark was contradictory to the truth.contradict v.反驳;与相矛盾contradiction n.抵触;矛盾;矛盾的说法Dont contradict!别顶嘴in direct contradiction to 与恰恰相反【语境应用】完成句子。1)But the information I got was rich and varied,or even _.但我得到 的信息丰富多样，甚至相互矛盾。2)People fou

7、nd this sort of _(contradict)reality to accept.人们觉得这矛盾的现实难以接受。3)He kept _ when we were arguing I think he was a bit confused.当我们争论的时候他为断自相矛盾我认为他有点困惑了。4)Your attitude is in contradiction_ your character.你的态度和你的性格相矛盾。contradictorycontradictorycontradicting himselfto教材原句p.2Snow subscribed to the second

8、 theory.p.2Snow subscribed to the second theory.4 subscribe vi.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费）搭配subscribe to 订阅（报纸、杂志等）；签字认可，同意；向捐赠subscribe for 预订；认购I would like to subscribe to a Dictionary of American Slang.我要订一本美国俚语词典。We subscribed to a few journals.我们订阅了几本期刊。I was unwilling to subscribe to the contract，bu

9、t it seemed that I had no choice.我不愿在合同上签字，可又似乎别无选择。Only mad people would subscribe to such views.只有疯子才会赞同这种观点。How many shares did you subscribe for in the new company?你在这家新公司认购了多少股？【词语积累】subscription n.捐助；订阅；签署；同意 subscriber n.订阅人；定期捐款者写出句中 subscribe to 的含义(1)Many companies subscribed generously to

10、 the football club.(2)Which journals does the library subscribe to?(3)Personally，Ive never subscribed to the view that either sex is superior to the other._(4)They refused to subscribe to the agreement._ 捐赠订阅同意签字认可 单句语法填空(5)She used to subscribe _an environmental action group.(6)Have you handed in y

11、our _（subscribe）?(7)Write away now for the free album offered to every new _（subscribe）.tosubscriptionsubscriber教材原句p.2Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.p.2Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.5 suspect v.&n.（1）vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任搭配suspect.of.怀疑有罪suspect.to be/as 怀疑是The police

12、suspect him of having taken the money.警察怀疑钱是他偷的。I suspected him to be a liar.我料想他是一个说谎者。The police dont know who committed the crime，but they suspect Jones.警察不知道谁作的案，但他们怀疑琼斯。（2）n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象The police couldnt prove the suspects guilt.警察不能证实嫌疑犯的罪行。【学法点拨】“动词+sb.+of sth.”结构：convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事rob

13、 sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 cheat sb.of sth.欺骗某人某事warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事单句语法填空(1)Some people suspected him _theft.(2)The police suspected the designer_（be）the murderer.(3)Two _（suspect）in connection with the killing are now being questioned.

14、(4)They suspected me of _（have）something to do with the affair.(5)Youll need to convince them _the convenience of using credit cards to buy things.ofto besuspectshavingof完成句子(6)The two officials _（被怀疑）having received a bribe.(7)They _（怀疑他是）a cheat.(8)In case I forget，please _（提醒我）my promise.are susp

15、ected ofsuspect him to be/asremind me of6 blame vt.&n.（1）vt.把归咎于；责怪；指责blame sb.for（doing）sth.因（做）某事责备某人搭配blame sth.on.把某事归咎于be to blame（for sth.）（对某事）负有责任The architect blamed his son for breaking the statue.建筑师责怪他的儿子弄坏了雕像。They blamed the failure on John.他们把失败的责任推给约翰。I am to blame for his lateness.我对

16、他的迟到负有责任。Dont always blame him.He is only a little child.【一言助记】Dont always blame your failure on others；sometimes you yourself are to blame.不要总是把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时该怪你自己。【误区警示】be to blame 为主动形式，表示被动含义。（2）n.责备；指责搭配take/bear the blame for.对承担责任put/lay/place the blame for sth.on.把某事归咎于Plastics take the blame

17、 for the death of many sea creatures.The judge laid the blame for the accident on the driver of the car.单句语法填空(1)She doesnt blame anyone _her fathers death.(2)The narrator was _（blame）for the misunderstanding.(3)We were ready to take the blame _what had happened.(4)They think the blame should be pla

18、ced_the conductor.forto blameforon完成句子(5)They _（归咎于）the physician.(6)She _（把失败归咎于他）of their marriage.(7)If that happens，the coach will _（对承担责任）it.(8)With this extra evidence，we could draw a conclusion that the dangerous gas _（是罪魁祸首）.placed the blame onblamed him for the failuretake the blame forwas

19、to blame教材原句p.2Accordinglyp.2Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed.he had the handle of the pump removed.7 handle n.&vt.（1）n.把手；拉手；柄the handle of a knife 刀柄 turn the handle 转动把手（2）vt.处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等）【常用搭配常用搭配】handle sth.well/perfectly/badly/poorly 处理某事好处理某事好/完美完美/不好不好/很差很差handle a pro

20、blem 处理问题处理问题handle difficult customers 应付难对付的顾客应付难对付的顾客handle the situation well 很好地应对局势很好地应对局势8.The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.infect v.to make a disease or an illness spread to a person,an animal or a plant 传染;使感染 to make sb.share a particular f

21、eeling 使感染(某种感情);影响 e.g.People with the virus may feel perfectly well,but they can still infect others.Lucys enthusiasm soon infected the rest of the class.be infected with 感染上,传染上【常用搭配】infection n.感染;传染infectious adj.传染性的教材原句p.3p.3.the threat of cholera around the world.the threat of cholera around

22、 the world saw a substantial decrease.saw a substantial decrease.世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。9 decrease n.&v.（反义词 increase）（1）n.减少；降低；减少量搭配a decrease in.的减少on the decrease 在减少There has been some decrease in imports.进口货物有所减少。The number of cyclists running traffic lights is on the decrease.骑自行车的人闯红灯的现象正在减少。（2）vt.&v

23、i.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低decrease（from.）to.（从）减少到（表示减少后的量）搭配decrease by.减少了（表示减少的量）decrease in.在方面减少They decreased the size of the group from 25 to 15.他们把小组的人数从 25 人减少到 15 人。According to the statistics，the output of the grain decreased by ten percent last year.据统计，去年粮食产量下降了百分之十。This species of bird is dec

24、reasing in number every year.这种鸟的数量在逐年减少。单句语法填空(1)The number of students in each class is_the decrease.(2)The decrease _sales was almost 20 percent.(3)The production of wheat has decreased_20%because of the dry weather.(4)The latest warm period has caused the number of glaciers to decrease _150 in 1

25、850 to 26 today.完成句子(5)Recently the price of the houses in many big cities _ （降低了）10%.oninbyfromhas decreased by教材原句p.3 Fortunatelyp.3 Fortunately，we now know how to we now know how to prevent choleraprevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow.thanks to the work of John Snow.10 thanks to 幸亏；由于Th

26、anks to your help，we were successful.由于你的帮助，我们得以成功。【词语辨析】thanks to，owing to，due to，because of单句语法填空(1)Thanks _the timely rain，the crops were saved.(2)Thanks _your inspiration，I succeeded.辨析填空：thanks to/due to/because of/owing to(3)He was out of work _a physical injury.(4)Most of the problems were _h

27、uman error.(5)_your help，I got the position advertised in the newspaper.(6)The town was cut off from the rest of the world_ heavy snow.totodue to/owing to/because ofdue to/owing toThanks to/Owing to/Because ofdue to/owing to教材原句p.3p.3.Snow transformed the way scientists.Snow transformed the way scie

28、ntists study diseases.study diseases.斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。11 transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变搭配transform.（from.）into.把（从）变成transform.with.用来改变The magician transformed the frog into a princess.魔术师把青蛙变成了公主。We can transform the world with our knowledge.我们可以用我们的知识改变世界。The five years that he spent on the ship

29、transformed him.五年的船上生活使他大为变样。The sofa can transform for use as a bed.这个沙发可改作床用。【词语积累】transformation n.转变，转化the gradual transformation from woodland to farmland逐渐改林为田的过程单句语法填空(1)They have transformed themselves _permanent city settlers.(2)She transformed peoples attitude towards her job _her determination and patience.(3)He was struggling to make the _（transform）from a single man to a responsible husband.完成句子(4)They successfully _（把这家公司变成）a global one.(5)The art gallery _（由改造而成）an old railway station.intowithtransformationtransformed the company into was transformed from