Unit1 Using Language 词汇课（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTSUsing LanguageLanguage Points 核心词汇1 cast vt.&n.（1）vt.（cast，cast）投射（光、影子等）；向投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷 搭配 cast a shadow over/on sth.给蒙上阴影be cast down（by sth.）（因某事）沮丧，不愉快 cast doubt on质疑;引起对的怀疑 cast light on使清楚;使人了解He didnt want to cast a shadow on their happiness.The latest scientific

2、 discoveries cast doubt on earlier theories.完成句子(1)一位研究人员现在已经揭开了这种动物的死亡之谜。A researcher has now the mystery of why the animals died.(2)他的所作所为使人们对他的诚实产生了怀疑。What he had done his honesty.cast light oncast doubt on单句语法填空(1)The moon _（cast）bright light over the garden when I saw through the window.cast2.p

3、our vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）vi.（雨）倾盆而下，下大雨 pour in 使流入，使灌入 pour into 不断地（大量地）流进（涌进）；大量投入（金钱）于 pour sth.into.把某物倒进 搭配 pour cold water on/over.对泼冷水 pour down 流下；（雨）倾盆而下 pour cats and dogs 下瓢泼大雨/倾盆大雨 pour out 涌出；倒出；倾诉Would you like me to pour you some more wine?It never rains but it pours.（谚）不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。单句语法填空(1)I

4、 poured the milk from the bottle _the cups.(2)After the conference the people poured _in crowds.(3)We were sailing on the sea when it suddenly poured _.(4)He poured _all his power but couldnt make it.完成句子(5)The government _（投入大笔资金）the project.(6)We took shelter from the rain that was _（倾盆而下）in a bus

5、 stop.(7)The chimney _（冒出滚滚黑烟）.intoout downinpoured a large sum of money intopouring down poured out black smoke3 break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发The couple couldnt convince each other.Then a quarrel broke out.【学法点拨】break out，happen，occur，take place 等动词（短语）表示“发生”，是不及物动词用法，没有被动语态。break away(from.)(从)离开

6、/脱离break down (机器等)出故障;(身体等)垮掉;打破;分解break into 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)break through 冲破;突破;克服;战胜break up 破碎;打散;拆分;解散On the way to the station,my car broke down.The water was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without any warning.单句语法填空4-1(2018北京,阅读理解C,)Federica Bertocchini,co-author of the study

7、,says the worms ability to break down their everyday foodbeeswaxalso al-lows them to break down plastic.句意:这项研究的合著者Federica Bertocchini说,这种幼虫分解它们每日(所吃)的食物蜂蜡的能力也使它们能分解塑料。break down意为“分解”。故填down。4-2(2017浙江,完形填空,)Her friends came to help her when the war broke out.句意:战争爆发时,她的朋友来帮助她。break out意为“爆发”。故填 o

8、ut。4-3(2017江苏,阅读理解C,)Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves:in time,one of them would become great again.句意:把像谷歌这样的公司拆分成五家小公司并不会阻止它们的自我塑造:其中一家公司最终将再次变得强大。break up意为“拆分;解散”。故填up。4-4()The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trad

9、e between them.句意:那两个国家计划会面来打破两国之间的一些贸易壁垒。break down意为“打破;消除”。4-5()We hope to break through the new coronavirus.句意:我们希望战胜这种新型冠状病毒。break through意为“战胜”。4 defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解All the police are trained to defend themselves from/against knife attacks.We should respect the soldiers who died in defense of o

10、ur country.搭配defend.from/against（doing）.保护免受defend oneself against sth.保护自己不受；为自己辩护【词语积累】defence/defense n.防御；辩护；保卫defensive adj.防御性的；自我保护的单句语法填空4-1(2016四川,七选五,)They help the body defend itself against/from some kinds of infections.考查固定搭配。句意:它们帮助保护身体免受某些种类的感染。defend.against/from.意为“保护免受”。故填against或f

11、rom。4-2()What was especially important for Tims successful defense(de-fend)in the football game?考查名词。句意:什么对于Tim在足球比赛中的成功防守尤其重要?根据形容词successful可知此处应用名词。defense是名词,意为“防御”。故填defense。4-3()Body language can give away a lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you a

12、re being defensive (defend).考查形容词。句意:肢体语言会泄露出你的很多情绪,所以抱臂而立可以传递出一个你正在戒备的信号。根据being可知此处应用形容词,故填defensive。5 in charge of 主管；掌管Ill be in charge of the whole gallery next week when the director is away.【学法点拨】人+in charge of+事 事+in the charge of+人Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the progra

13、mme?I like to go to the stores where delivery is free of charge.How much did the garage charge for repairing the car?charge n.负责,掌管;收费;指控;充电量in charge of.负责/掌管in the charge of.由负责/掌管take charge of.接管 free of charge 免费地 charge v.收费;指控;充电charge(sb./sth.)for sth.因(向)收费 charge sb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某

14、事【针对练习】(1)As long as youve paid in advance we wont _ delivery(2)The man_ the company was charged _ spreading rumors on the Internet掌管这家公司的那个人被指控在网上散布谣言。(3)A week later,I volunteered _ English study in my class一周以后，我自愿负责班级里的英语学习。【答案】(1)charge you for(2)in charge of；with(3)to take charge of单句语法填空(1)Co

15、uld I speak to whoever is _charge of International Sales，please?(2)The kitchen is in _charge of the cook.(3)You can take as many as you like，because they are free _charge.(4)The boss charged us five hundred yuan_the electrical appliance.(5)He was charged _murder and sentenced to death.intheofforwith

16、6 trace vt.&n.（1）vt.追溯；追踪；查出搭配trace back to 追溯到trace.to.追查到（2）n.C痕迹；U遗迹；踪迹His family traces back to the Norman ConquestWill the police be able to trace them to their hiding place?The thief had left several traces of his presence.【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)At last the noise was traced _ a fault in the pipes(2)Hi

17、s father claims to be able to trace the family back _ many centuries ago(3)These quotations cannot readily _(trace)to their sources(4)_(trace)of blood were found in the bathroom【答案】(1)to(2)to(3)be traced(4)Traces7gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的搭配：be gifted with 有天赋，生就have a gift/talent for“对有天赋”a gifted

18、dancer/musician 天才舞蹈演员音乐家meet the needs of gifted children 满足特长生的发展要求He is gifted with the ability to understand a diverse range of people and their cultures.lawyers and salespeople really have a gift for persuasion.单句语法填空(1)Man is the only creature that is gifted_ speech(2)I believe my father is a

19、_(talent)man完成句子(3)Your cooking is amazing and you really _food你的厨艺太棒了，你对食物真的很有天赋。(4)Each person is special and_ unique talents每个人都是特殊的，都有独特的才能。【答案】(1)with(2)gifted(3)have a gift/talent for(4)is gifted with 8 come down with 患（病）；染上（小病）He came down with a bad cold last week.【归纳拓展】come down 落下,降落;（价格、

20、水平）下降,降低;（狂喜之后）平静下来come across 偶遇；无意中发现come about 发生（常与 how 连用）come on 快点儿；加油；得了吧come up with 想出，想到come out 出来；出版；被人所知come to 共计；达到；苏醒come over 来访，拜访完成句子(5)Sales in our company _（下降）due to the outbreak of the terrible disease.(6)I _（偶然碰到了玛丽）while shopping downtown yesterday.(7)Its already 10 oclock.

21、I wonder how it_（发 生）that she is two hours late on such a short trip.(8)When the fathers business failed，the family_（败落）.(9)In a few moments she suddenly _（苏醒过来）.came downcame across Marycomes aboutcame downcame to9 abstract adj.&n.（1）adj.抽象的；理性的We may talk of beautiful things，but beauty itself is a

22、bstract.（2）n.（文献等的）摘要搭配in the abstract 抽象地；在理论上make an abstract of 把的要点摘录下来He read through the papers and made an abstract of their contents.10 above all 最重要的是；尤其是Never waste anything，and above all never waste time.【归纳拓展】all 相关的其他常见短语：after all 终究，还是；毕竟，别忘了（not）at all 一点也（不），完全（不）all in all 总的来说，总而言

23、之in all 总共，合计 first of all 首先，第一单句语法填空(1)The girl was anxious and began to tremble_ all,it was the first time that she had been on the stage(2)To make members of a team perform better,the trainer first _ all has to know their strengths and weaknesses完成句子(3)_，what you had done did annoy him greatly总而

24、言之，你所做的事确实使他很生气。(4)He visited,_,fifteen galleries in China他总共参观了中国的15家画廊。(5)_,you should know what profession suits you首先，你应该知道什么职业适合你。【答案】(1)After(2)of(3)All in all (4)in all(5)Above all11 fault n.弱点；过错搭配find fault with 挑剔；批评；抱怨at fault 有错；有责任He always finds fault with Toms composition.In my opinio

25、n，both of the drivers were at fault.12 shift n.&v.（1）n.改变；转换；轮班They were taking turns to be on the night shift.他们轮流上夜班。（2）vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向shift about 四处飘荡搭配shift off（将）从移走；推卸，逃避shift to 使移向，使转向写出句中 shift 的词性及词义(1)After the guard recovered from his injury，he went on the night shift again.(2)Lend me a

26、hand to shift this box，will you?_(3)I began to shift my focus._(4)This accident caused a dramatic shift in public opinion._单句语法填空(5)The day shift _（arrive）at eight oclock.(6)When the wind shifted from south _north，it began to get cold.(7)The luggage might shift _in the overhead bin during the flight.名词，轮班动词，挪动动词，转移名词，改变arrivestoabout THE ENDThanks