中考英语语法知识专题(16)构词法-漂亮课件(含答案).ppt

1、第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十六节构词法(一)常见的构词法构词法主要方式例词转化法(把一种词性用作另一种词性，而词形不变)名词动词rain雨下雨形容词动词clean干净的打扫形容词名词Chinese中国的中国人动词名词cook烹饪厨师合成法(把两个独立的单词合在一起构成新词)名词名词bookshelfbookshelf副词名词upstairsupstairs副词动词overcomeovercome名词形容词homesickhomesick派生法(在词前或词后加前缀或后缀构成新词)前缀词根unimportantunimportant词根后缀visitorvisitor1(二)前缀前缀意

2、思例词前缀意思例词re-再，重复retellen-使可能enableanti-反对，防止anti-wartele-远程telephonesuper-超级的supermanin-不，非inexpensiveim-不impoliteil-不，非illegalir-不，无irregularun-不unhappynon-不，非non-smokerdis-不，无dishonestmis-错误的mistake2(三)后缀词类后缀例词名词-er，-or/-n，-an，-ian/-ese/-ing/-ist/-ment/-ness/-ship/-th/-ion，-tion，-ation/-tyinventor

3、，musician，Chinese，shopping，artist，development，happiness，friendship，truth，education，safety形容词-able/-al/-ed/-en/-ern/-ing/-ive/-ful/-less/-ly/-ous/-yenjoyable，natural，surprised，wooden，southern，surprising，active，useful，friendly，famous，sunny数词-teen/-ty/-thfifteen，forty，ninth副词-lytruly，happily3第三篇语法知识专题第

4、三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么)表因果as，for，so6 考点并列句(2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()Ainterest；interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；interestedC7第三

5、篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么)表因果as，for，so10 考点并列句(2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()Ainterest；interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；inter

6、estedC11第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十五节复合句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句构成的句子叫复合句。分为宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。(一)宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句。时态(1)主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态(客观真理除外)(2)主句是一般现在时，从句的时态根据具体情况确定语序从句一律用陈述语序，即“主语谓语”连接词(1)that无实际含义，可省略(2)what，when，where，how，who，whom和whose等疑问词变为连接词(3)if，whether 的含义为“是否”人称一(第一人称)随主，二随宾，三不变14(二)定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰一个名词

7、或代词的从句关系代/副词用法共同点who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语who，which，that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略which只能指物，在从句中作主语或宾语that(指人时相当于who，指物时相当于which)(1)先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时(2)先行词被the only，all，any，no，the last，just，the very等修饰时(3)先行词是something，anything，nothing，everything，little，few，many，all，no，none，等时where指地点，在从句中作状语：I like the place where the w

8、eather is warm.15(三)状语从句：在句中作状语，修饰主句中的谓语、形容词或副词等的从句。从句类型从句的引导词从句类型从句的引导词时间状语从句when，while，before，after，until，since，as soon as原因状语从句because，as，since，for条件状语从句if，unless，as/so long as(只要)结果状语从句so.that.，such.that.目的状语从句so that，in order that比较状语从句than，as.as.，not as/so.as.让步状语从句though/although，even if/thou

9、gh，whatever，whenever.地点状语从句where，wherever16 that 和which用法口诀(定语从句中)that，which可互换，下列情况不替换。that情况比较多，不妨对你说一说。不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错。先行词前被限制，千万不要用which。要用which别着急，介词提前逗隔离。17(四)复合句考点 1宾语从句两考点 1)必须是陈述句语序；2)除客观真理外，从句时态要和主句时态一致。Would you please tell me where the writer lives?She said she had seen this movie befo

10、re.My grandma once told me that the sun rises in the east.2think,believe,suppose,expect 的宾语从句要“否定转移”。I dont think he will come back at once.(我认为他不会立刻回来。)18 3not.until 直到才 I didnt go to bed until my mom came back last night.4结果状语从句 so adj.that She is so lovely a girl that we like her very much.sucha/

11、anadj.n.that She is such a lovely girl that we like her very much.5so.that.的否定结构可与too.to./not.enough to do相互替换。He is so young that he cant write or read.He is too young to write or read.He isnt old enough to write or read.19 6if,unless引导的条件状语从句和when，as soon as引导的时间状语从句谓语动词要遵循“主将从现”原则。Ill give you a

12、call as soon as I get to Kunming.He wont pass the finalexam unless he studies hard.7since 引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句常用过去时。The foreign teacher has taught us since he came to China.20 考点一状语从句 1(2016中考改编)_ you have tried it on，you cant imagine how pretty the new style skirt is.()ABecauseBAlthoughCUnless 2(2

13、016中考改编)You bought the car about ten years ago?Yes._ its old，it still runs well.()ABecauseBSinceCAlthough 3(2016中考改编)We will climb the mountain tomorrow_it doesnt rain.()Aif BalthoughCsinceCCA21 4(2016中考改编)I can still remember meeting her at a party_it was a long time ago.()Abecause BthoughCuntil 5(

14、2016中考改编)Jane，please turn off the lights_you leave the classroom.()AafterBbeforeCuntilBB22 考点二宾语从句 1(2016中考改编)I wonder_.Im afraid well be late.()Ahow we can be on time Bwhat we are going to do Cif we will arrive at the meeting on time 2(2016中考改编)Could you please tell me_？Sorry，you can turn to Mr Lee

15、 for help.()Ahow long can man live without water Bwhether Yao Ming would play for Rockets or not Chow I can keep myself safe from the fluCC23 3(2016中考改编)The exchange students will leave soon.We had better ask our monitor_a farewell party.()Awhen will we have Bwhen we will have Cwhen we would have 4(

16、2016中考改编)Would you please tell me_？At 10：00 this evening.()Awhen will the train leave Bwhen the train will leave Cwhen does the train leaveBB24 5(2016中考改编)Can you tell me_on the Internet?OK，mom.()Ahow can I use QQ Bwhere can I use QQ Chow I can use QQC25 考点三定语从句 1(2016中考改编)I hate people_dont help ot

17、hers when they are in trouble.()AwhoBwhichCwhose 2(2016中考改编)Who is the man_is reading a book over there？()Athat BwhichCwhose 3(2016中考改编)Who is your new head teacher this semester?The woman_is wearing a red skirt.()AwhoCwhoseDwhichAAA26 4(2016中考改编)I dont know your brother.Oh.The man_came to see me ye

18、sterday is my brother.()AwhoBwhoseCwhere 5(2016中考改编)They want to develop a kind of dogfriendly food_will help dog owners cool down their pets.()AwhoBwhatCwhich 6(2016中考改编)When Robinson got to the island，the first thing_he did was to look for some food.()AwhoBthatCWhichACB27 7(2016中考改编)Which was the

19、picture_was drawn by Xu Beihong？()Athat BwhomCwhich 8(2016中考改编)Guiyang，_ is the capital city of Guizhou Province，is very beautiful.()AwhoBthatCWhichAC28 9(2016中考改编)There are 60 students in this class,60 percent of_are boys.()Athat BwhoseCwhich 10(2016中考改编)The foreign friends went to the museum_they

20、saw many interesting things.()AwhereBthatCwhenCA29第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么)表因果as，for，so32 考点并列句(2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()Ainterest；

21、interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；interestedC33第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么)表因果as，for，so36 考点并列句(2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()

22、Ainterest；interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；interestedC37第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十五节复合句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句构成的句子叫复合句。分为宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。(一)宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句。时态(1)主句是过去时，从句用相应的过去时态(客观真理除外)(2)主句是一般现在时，从句的时态根据具体情况确定语序从句一律用陈述语序，即“主语谓语”连接词(1)that无实际含义，可省略(2)what，when，where，how，who，whom和whose等疑问词变为连接词(3

23、)if，whether 的含义为“是否”人称一(第一人称)随主，二随宾，三不变40(二)定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词的从句关系代/副词用法共同点who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语who，which，that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略which只能指物，在从句中作主语或宾语that(指人时相当于who，指物时相当于which)(1)先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时(2)先行词被the only，all，any，no，the last，just，the very等修饰时(3)先行词是something，anything，nothing，everything，little，few，ma

24、ny，all，no，none，等时where指地点，在从句中作状语：I like the place where the weather is warm.41(三)状语从句：在句中作状语，修饰主句中的谓语、形容词或副词等的从句。从句类型从句的引导词从句类型从句的引导词时间状语从句when，while，before，after，until，since，as soon as原因状语从句because，as，since，for条件状语从句if，unless，as/so long as(只要)结果状语从句so.that.，such.that.目的状语从句so that，in order that比较状

25、语从句than，as.as.，not as/so.as.让步状语从句though/although，even if/though，whatever，whenever.地点状语从句where，wherever42 that 和which用法口诀(定语从句中)that，which可互换，下列情况不替换。that情况比较多，不妨对你说一说。不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错。先行词前被限制，千万不要用which。要用which别着急，介词提前逗隔离。43(四)复合句考点 1宾语从句两考点 1)必须是陈述句语序；2)除客观真理外，从句时态要和主句时态一致。Would you please tell m

26、e where the writer lives?She said she had seen this movie before.My grandma once told me that the sun rises in the east.2think,believe,suppose,expect 的宾语从句要“否定转移”。I dont think he will come back at once.(我认为他不会立刻回来。)44 3not.until 直到才 I didnt go to bed until my mom came back last night.4结果状语从句 so adj.

27、that She is so lovely a girl that we like her very much.sucha/anadj.n.that She is such a lovely girl that we like her very much.5so.that.的否定结构可与too.to./not.enough to do相互替换。He is so young that he cant write or read.He is too young to write or read.He isnt old enough to write or read.45 6if,unless引导的

28、条件状语从句和when，as soon as引导的时间状语从句谓语动词要遵循“主将从现”原则。Ill give you a call as soon as I get to Kunming.He wont pass the finalexam unless he studies hard.7since 引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句常用过去时。The foreign teacher has taught us since he came to China.46 考点一状语从句 1(2016中考改编)_ you have tried it on，you cant imagine ho

29、w pretty the new style skirt is.()ABecauseBAlthoughCUnless 2(2016中考改编)You bought the car about ten years ago?Yes._ its old，it still runs well.()ABecauseBSinceCAlthough 3(2016中考改编)We will climb the mountain tomorrow_it doesnt rain.()Aif BalthoughCsinceCCA47 4(2016中考改编)I can still remember meeting her

30、 at a party_it was a long time ago.()Abecause BthoughCuntil 5(2016中考改编)Jane，please turn off the lights_you leave the classroom.()AafterBbeforeCuntilBB48 考点二宾语从句 1(2016中考改编)I wonder_.Im afraid well be late.()Ahow we can be on time Bwhat we are going to do Cif we will arrive at the meeting on time 2(2

31、016中考改编)Could you please tell me_？Sorry，you can turn to Mr Lee for help.()Ahow long can man live without water Bwhether Yao Ming would play for Rockets or not Chow I can keep myself safe from the fluCC49 3(2016中考改编)The exchange students will leave soon.We had better ask our monitor_a farewell party.

32、()Awhen will we have Bwhen we will have Cwhen we would have 4(2016中考改编)Would you please tell me_？At 10：00 this evening.()Awhen will the train leave Bwhen the train will leave Cwhen does the train leaveBB50 5(2016中考改编)Can you tell me_on the Internet?OK，mom.()Ahow can I use QQ Bwhere can I use QQ Chow

33、 I can use QQC51 考点三定语从句 1(2016中考改编)I hate people_dont help others when they are in trouble.()AwhoBwhichCwhose 2(2016中考改编)Who is the man_is reading a book over there？()Athat BwhichCwhose 3(2016中考改编)Who is your new head teacher this semester?The woman_is wearing a red skirt.()AwhoCwhoseDwhichAAA52 4(

34、2016中考改编)I dont know your brother.Oh.The man_came to see me yesterday is my brother.()AwhoBwhoseCwhere 5(2016中考改编)They want to develop a kind of dogfriendly food_will help dog owners cool down their pets.()AwhoBwhatCwhich 6(2016中考改编)When Robinson got to the island，the first thing_he did was to look

35、for some food.()AwhoBthatCWhichACB53 7(2016中考改编)Which was the picture_was drawn by Xu Beihong？()Athat BwhomCwhich 8(2016中考改编)Guiyang，_ is the capital city of Guizhou Province，is very beautiful.()AwhoBthatCWhichAC54 9(2016中考改编)There are 60 students in this class,60 percent of_are boys.()Athat BwhoseC

36、which 10(2016中考改编)The foreign friends went to the museum_they saw many interesting things.()AwhereBthatCwhenCA55第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么)表因果as，for，so58 考点

37、并列句(2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()Ainterest；interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；interestedC59第三篇语法知识专题第三篇语法知识专题第十四节并列句 并列句：简单句并列连词简单句类型并列连词类型并列连词表平行and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as表转折but，yet(然而)，while(而)表选择or，not.but.(不是而是)，either.or.(要么要么)表因果as，for，so62 考点并列句(2016中考改编)The story is_and all of us are_in it.()Ainterest；interesting Binteresting；interest Cinteresting；interestedC63