英语语法宾语补足语课件.pptx

1、宾语补足语（宾语补足语（Object complement)用法归纳用法归纳 概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后概念：英语中含有某些意义的动词跟了宾语后句子仍不完整，句子仍不完整，还须要一个补足成分还须要一个补足成分，这种补，这种补足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的足成分叫做宾语补足语。宾语补足语是句子的主要成分，这样的句型为：主语主要成分，这样的句型为：主语+谓语动词谓语动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语。由由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充当宾语补充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的足语，用以说明宾语的类属、性质、状态等意类属、性质、状态等意义义；由；由

2、非谓语动词非谓语动词即不定式、现在分词、过去即不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的分词充当宾语补足语，用以说明宾语的动作动作。不同形式的宾语补足语不同形式的宾语补足语主要搭配的动词主要搭配的动词 例句例句 后接后接名词名词 make,name,call,think,consider,choose,wish,find,elect We made him our monitor.She found him a very clever boy.They call her XiaoZhang.后接后接形容词形容词 believe,think,get,keep,make,find,s

3、et,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,paint,drive,turn,cut You should keep your classroom clean.I found the movie very interesting.The noise drives me mad.I found the dog dead.后接后接副词副词 find I followed him in She ordered them away.后接后接介词短语介词短语 keep,find,leave To her surprise,she found herself in

4、 a different world.Please make yourself at home.I left my pen on my desk at home.后接后接动词不定式动词不定式（部分动词后的（部分动词后的to需省略）需省略）advise,allow,ask,cause,expect,force,get,help,invite,order,remind,request,require,teach,tell,train,want,warn,wish,see,hear,feel,watch,notice,smell,taste,observe,have,make,let,allow,b

5、eg,drive,encourage,forbid,permit,persuade They asked me to get there on time.Nobody heard him cry for help.I often see the boys play basketball after school.后接后接现在分词现在分词 keep,mind,prevent,remember,stop,start,smell,excuse,send,see,hear,watch,notice smell,taste,feel,observe,have,get,set,leave Do you h

6、ear someone knocking at the door?I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.The heavy rain prevented us coming here on time.Can you smell something burning?后接后接过去分词过去分词 make,get,have,keep,leave My grandfather had his old house rebuilt.I must get my bike repaired.He was trying to make himself unde

7、rstood.宾语补足语使用注意事项：宾语补足语使用注意事项：当感官动词和使役动词，如：当感官动词和使役动词，如：see，hear，notice，watch，hear，observe,listen to,feel(感官动词感官动词)make，have，let，get(使役动词使役动词)接宾补时，接宾补时，不定式的符不定式的符号号to必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要必须省略。但在被动语态中，动词后要加加to。主动语态：主动语态：The policeman made him tell everything.被动语态：被动语态：He was made to tell everything by t

8、he policeman.感官动词感官动词see,hear,watch,notice,observe后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带后面的宾语补足语既可跟不带to的的动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于动词不定式，也可跟现在分词，其区别在于前者表示前者表示“经常性的，习惯性的动作经常性的，习惯性的动作”，后者，后者表示表示“正在发生的瞬间动作正在发生的瞬间动作”。I often hear her sing English songs in the room.Suddenly,Zhang Hua heard someone shouting“Fire!Fire!”在在help后后,不定式可以带不定式

9、可以带to,也可不带。也可不带。Lucy often helps her brother(to)learn English.有些动词有些动词只能只能用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：用现在分词作宾语补足语，如：keep,mind,prevent,stop。动词。动词find,catch等的等的宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。宾语可由现在分词作宾语补足语。She caught her son smoking a cigarette.Wed better keep the fire burning.I dont mind you joking.I like it.The heavy rain preven

10、ted us coming here on time.I found him drinking my whisky.hope,demand,suggest等动词后面等动词后面不能不能接不定接不定式作宾语补足语。式作宾语补足语。错误：错误：I hope you to come here tomorrow.正确：正确：I hope you can come here tomorrow.表示表示心理状态心理状态的动词的动词consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等动词后的不定式通常等动词后的不定式通常是是“to

11、be+形容词或名词形容词或名词”结构，结构，to be常可省略。常可省略。We consider him(to be)a good teacher.He proved that theory(to be)very important.I thought her(to be)nice and honest the first time I met her.当宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，当宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它往往把宾语放在它的补足语后，而用的补足语后，而用it作句子的形式宾语作句子的形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前，放在宾语补足语之前，将真正的宾语置于补足语之后。如

12、：将真正的宾语置于补足语之后。如：I think it wrong to smoke in public.I find it hard to learn English well.Summary1.名次，形容词，副词，介词短语，非谓语名次，形容词，副词，介词短语，非谓语动词都可以作宾补。动词都可以作宾补。2.常考常考的接宾补的动词总结常考常考的接宾补的动词总结 see/notice+宾语宾语+doing sth.do sth.being donedonemake+宾语+let+宾语+do done do be donehave+宾语+get+宾语+do sth.doing sth.doneto do(有有.要要)to do sth.doing sth.done leave+find+with+sb./sth.doing sth.sth.undonesb to do sth.sth to be done sb.doing sth.sth./sth.donesb./sth.(to be)sb./sth.doing sth.being donesth donesth.to do