通用版中考英语-代词复习-讲解课件.ppt

1、代词代词中考总复习之中考总复习之代词的分类代词的分类中考说明中考说明及及要求：要求：人称代词人称代词 物主代词物主代词 反身代词反身代词 不定代词不定代词 指示代词指示代词 疑问代词疑问代词 人称代词数人称代词数数数单数单数复数复数人称人称一一二二三三一一二二三三主格主格Iyoushe/he/itweyouthey宾格宾格meyouher/him/itusyouthem1.1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格时用宾格 They all like him very much.他们都很喜欢他他们都很喜欢他。She gave the books to you an

2、d me.这些书是她送给你和我的。这些书是她送给你和我的。2.2.人称代词在作表语时，用宾格人称代词在作表语时，用宾格 Whos knocking at the door?Its me.谁敲门？谁敲门？-是我。是我。3.3.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 “第二人称，第三人称，第一人称第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”You,she and I all enjoy the music.你我她都喜欢音乐。你我她都喜欢音乐。4.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等 We love our motherland,we hope shell be stronger and

3、bigger.我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。The ship is leaving.Shes on her first trip to Boston.轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去波士顿。5.5.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等距离、时间、环境等 What the weather like today?Its windy.今天的天气怎么样？今天的天气怎么样？-有风。有风。Its about five minutes walk from home to school.从家到学校的路程大约从家到学校的路程大约5 5分钟。分钟。6.6.it可作

4、为形式主语，将不定式、动可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳平稳 Its hard to reach the apples.很难够到苹果。很难够到苹果。Its good for you taking a walk after supper.对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。物主代词物主代词 形容词性形容词性 名词性名词性 my mine your yours his his her hers its its our ours your yours their theirs1.1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能形容词性

5、物主代词在句中只能作定语作定语 My brother is a worker.我弟弟是个工人。我弟弟是个工人。His parents are very friendly.他的父母非常友善。他的父母非常友善。3.3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：词的关系：形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词名词=名词性物主代词名词性物主代词 注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。系是单数还是复数。These books arent ours.Ours are new.(our books=ours)This is no

6、t our room.Ours is over there.(our room=ours)4.“4.“of+名词性物主代词名词性物主代词”表示所表示所属属 A sister of his is a nurse.他的一个妹妹是个护士。他的一个妹妹是个护士。Tom is a friend of mine 我的一个朋友我的一个朋友反身代词反身代词 单数单数 myself yourself himself herself itself复数复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 不定代词不定代词 不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词的代词

7、all,each,every,both,either,neither none,one,little,few,many,much other,another,some,any,no 由由some,any,no,every 等构成的合成等构成的合成代词代词几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词 1.1.some/any some（一些（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中某）一般用于肯定句中 There are some flowers in front of the house.any（一些（一些,任何）多用于疑问句和否定任何）多用于疑问句和否定句句 Do you have any

8、 picture-books?注意：注意：somesome有时也可用于表示请求、征求有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中意见的疑问句中 Would you like some meat?你想要些肉吗？你想要些肉吗？May I ask some questions?我可以问问题吗？我可以问问题吗？Could I have some apples?我可以吃苹果吗？我可以吃苹果吗？Will you give me some water?你能给我些水吗？你能给我些水吗？2.2.many/much many 修饰或指代复数名词修饰或指代复数名词 There are many eggs in the

9、basket.Many of us like playing games.much 修饰或指代不可数名词修饰或指代不可数名词 He doesnt know much English.4.the other/others/the others4.the other/others/the others the other the other 1.特指两个中的另一个特指两个中的另一个 He has two sons.One is a worker,the other is a doctor.2.修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些 Tom likes swimming,and t

10、he other boys in his class like swimming,too.others泛指其他的人或物泛指其他的人或物 He often helps others.Some are playing basketball,others are playing football.the others 特指确定范围内剩下的全部人特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物或物 There are fifty students in our class.Twenty of them are girls,the others are boys.5.5.few/a few/little/a little

11、 few/a few 修饰可数名词修饰可数名词 little/a little 修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词 few,little 表示否定意义表示否定意义,译为译为“没没有几个有几个”，“没有多少没有多少”a few,a little 表示肯定意义表示肯定意义,译译为为“有几个有几个”，“有一点有一点”6.every/each6.every/each every单数名词单数名词,表示表示“每一个每一个”,强调共强调共性、整体性、整体,只作定语只作定语,形式上为单数形式上为单数.不与不与of 连用连用 Every child likes playing games.each 表示表示“每一个每

12、一个”,强调个性强调个性,作定语主作定语主语、宾语和同位语语、宾语和同位语,常与常与of 连用连用 Each student was asked to try again.Each of them has a nice skirt.7.7.all/none all“(“(全部全部)都都”,表示三者或三者以上，作表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行行为动词之前为动词之前 We are all from Canada.They all like English.none“没有没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟

13、介词后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可）（谓语动词单、复数均可）None of us is/are afraid of dogs.8.8.both/either/neither both“（两者）都（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数；作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数作定语时后跟名词复数 My parents are both teachers.=Both of my parents are teachers.neither“(“(两者两者)都不都不”,含有否定意义，含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数作主语时谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时后跟作定语时后跟名词单数名词单数 Neither

14、answer is right.either“两者中任何一个两者中任何一个”,作主语作主语时谓语用第三人称单数时谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时后跟名作定语时后跟名词单数词单数 There are trees on either side of the street.=There are trees on both sides of the street.有关词组及应用有关词组及应用 both of/either of/neither of Both of them swim well.他们俩都游得很好。他们俩都游得很好。Either of you goes to Beijing.你们俩随便谁去北

15、京都可以。你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。Neither of them stopped to have a rest.他们俩谁都不停下来休息。他们俩谁都不停下来休息。bothandbothand（谓语动词用复数形式）（谓语动词用复数形式）eitheror/neithernor(谓语动谓语动词遵循就近原则词遵循就近原则)Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two.Tom 和和 Lucy 都在二年级。都在二年级。Either my father or my mother cooks at home.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。Neither h

16、e nor I am free today.我和他今天都没空。我和他今天都没空。9.9.Something/anything/nothing Somebody/anybody/nobody当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置 I have something important to tell you.Is there anything else in the box?Nobody can answer the question.指示代词指示代词 表示空间和时间远近关系的代词表示空间和时间远近关系的代词 包括包括:this/that(单数单数)these/tho

17、se(复数复数)1.this,these指在方位上较近的人或物指在方位上较近的人或物 that,those指在方位上较远的人或物指在方位上较远的人或物 This is my shirt,thats yours.These TVs are made in China,those are made in Japan.2.2.that,those常指前面提过的东西常指前面提过的东西,以以免重复免重复 *These boxes are heavier than those on the desk.3.3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that *He was ill yester

18、day.Im sorry to hear that.疑问代词疑问代词 用来构成特殊疑问句的代词用来构成特殊疑问句的代词 常见有：常见有：who whom whose what which 通常做主语通常做主语 宾语宾语 定语定语 表语表语 What makes you think like that?做做主语主语 Who(Whom)were you talking with?做做宾语宾语 Which bus do I need?做定语做定语 Whats your father?做表语做表语 注意：注意：在口语中，在口语中，Who和和Whom通用，通用，但在介词后只能用但在介词后只能用Whom

19、With whom did he play games?With who did he play games?(错错)(2008年广东省汕头市年广东省汕头市)一一Is that _dog?No._is whiteAhis；His Bher；Itis Che；His Dher；Her中考考什么中考考什么?D(重庆市重庆市2008年年)We like Mr.Green because he often tells _ funny stories in class.A.we B.us C.our D.ours(重庆市重庆市2008年年)When shall we go to the museum,t

20、his afternoon or tomorrow morning?_ is OK.Im free these days.A.Both B.All C.EitherD.Neither(2008年天津市年天津市)Is_here?No,John and Bob have asked for leave.A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody D.everybodyTry it out()1 Is this your football,boys?No,it is not _ A.yours B.our C.mine D.ours()2 The bird builds _ nest

21、 in the tree.A.her B.its C.its D.hers()3 The maths problem _ is wrong.A.himself B.he C.itself D.herself()4 _ want to see the film.A Every student B Each student C All of students D All the students()5 A lot of people have tried,but _ have succeeded.A.the few B.a few C.few D.little()6 _ of the four r

22、oads will take you to the hospital.A.Both B.Neither C.Any D.Either()7 I have five pencils,one is red,_ is blue and _ are green.A.another,the other B.the other,others C.others,the others D.another,the others()8 I have found _ on the Internet.A.a few informations B.a little informations C.a few inform

23、ation D.a little information()9 I have Chemistry classes _ day,Monday,Wednesday and Friday.A.each other B.every other C.this and other D.all other()10-_ is the man under the tree?-Jims father.A.When B.What C.Where D.Who 11.This stick is _.A.him B.he C.his12.He is always ready to help _.A.another B.t

24、he other C.others13._ is Jacks aunt.A.He B.She C.It14.She sent several cards to _ of her friends.A.some B.any C.no15._ subjects do you have this term?A.Which B.Whose C.What16._ of them has a computer.A.Each B.Every C.All17.Can your brother look after _?A.himself B.him C.his1.8 Which of _ bikes is yo

25、urs?A.this B.that C.these19._ are good friends.A.You,he and I B.She,you and I C.I,you and he20.She hasnt brought _ pen today.Will you lend her _?A.her,your B.hers,yours C.her,yours21.Very _ of them knew the hotel.A.few B.little C.a few22.The jacket is too short.Please show me _.A.other B.another C.o

26、ne23.Some city people grow vegetables _.A.herself B.himself C.themselves用恰当的词填空。用恰当的词填空。1.I am a student._ name is Lily.I often teach _ English.2.Tom is too young.Please look after _.3.He is fourteen._ name is Tom.This book is _.He can look after _.4.Well go fishing later.Would you like to come with

27、 _?5.Looking at the boys._ are playing games._ names are Mike and Bill.They enjoy _.My myself himHis his himself us They Their themselves 写作：（计15分）下面是汶川地震中的一张照片。它记录了一个叫郎铮的三岁男孩在地震十小时后被解放军从废墟(debris)中救出(rescue)。躺在担架(stretcher)上的他慢慢地举起右手向救他的人敬礼（salute to）。请你以“感动”为题，用英语简单描述这个故事并写出你的感想。要求：故事描述要包括提供的所有信息。

28、字数：80-100。短文开头已给出，不计入总字数。MovedAt 14:28 on May 12,an earthquake broke out in Wenchuan.Soon people all over China went to the rescue._ _ _ _ _(例文）例文）MovedAt 14:28 on May 12,an earthquake broke out in Wenchuan.Soon people all over China went to the rescue.A three-year-old boy named Lang Zheng was rescu

29、ed from the debris by the PLA men ten hours after the earthquake.While he was lying on the stretcher,he slowly raised his right hand and saluted to the soldiers.His salute not only expressed his thanks to the people who saved him,but also moved the people around him.I was also deeply moved by his sa

30、lute.As a three-year-old boy,he knew that the first thing to do was to express his thanks after he was saved.It is the good nature of the Chinese people.Homework today1.抄考试说明单词抄考试说明单词第第4666个个(每个每个2行行)2.做学考精练做学考精练冠冠词剩下的练习词剩下的练习3.预习预习数数词词冠词冠词不使用冠词不使用冠词定冠词定冠词不定冠词不定冠词aanthe零冠词零冠词冠词是一种虚词，修饰名词的。目标：理解冠词冠词是

31、一种虚词，修饰名词的。目标：理解冠词a 、an、the和零冠词的基本用法。和零冠词的基本用法。She is a girl.This is a desk.一一.不定冠词不定冠词(a,an)的用法的用法1.a用在以用在以辅音音素辅音音素开头的单词前开头的单词前 an用在以用在以元音元音音素音素开头的单词前开头的单词前e.g._book _ egg _ useful book _ underground roomaaanana用于辅音前；用于辅音前；an用于元音前。用于元音前。一般说来，元音字母发元音，辅音字一般说来，元音字母发元音，辅音字母发辅音，但需请注意以下母发辅音，但需请注意以下3点：点：1

32、.拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词开头的单词hour,honest,honor等单词等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头，但其读音开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用等单词的却以元音开头，因此，前面要用等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母拼写虽然以辅音字母an。可熟记下面这句话：可熟记下面这句话：An hour ago,an honest man accepted an honorable task.(一小时前，一位一小时前，一位诚实的人接受了一项光荣的任务。诚实的人接受了一项光荣的任务。)2.拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词拼写以元音

33、字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词useful,university,usual,European,united,one-eyed,one-way等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头，等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头，因此，前面要用因此，前面要用a等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头，但其读音却以元音开头开头，但其读音却以元音开头.可熟记下面这句可熟记下面这句话：话：Inauniversity,aEuropeanandaone-eyedmanwalkalongaone-wayroadwithausefultool.Thisisausualthing.(在一所大学里，有一个欧洲人和一个独

34、眼在一所大学里，有一个欧洲人和一个独眼龙拿着有用的工具沿着一条单行道行走，这是件龙拿着有用的工具沿着一条单行道行走，这是件平常的事。平常的事。)We have six classes a day.7.用于用于what 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句,修饰可数名词的单数形式修饰可数名词的单数形式.What a nice girl!What an interesting film it is!定冠词定冠词(the)的用法的用法 基本用法：基本用法：“特指特指”.特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物，特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物，以便与其他的人或物有所区别以便与其他的人或物有所区别1.2.3.4.e.g.Th

35、e book on the desk is Jims.书桌上的那本书是吉姆的书桌上的那本书是吉姆的 The chairs are there.椅子在那里椅子在那里指谈话双方都知道的人或事物指谈话双方都知道的人或事物e.g.Where is the kite?风筝在哪儿风筝在哪儿？（双方都知道指的是哪只风筝）？（双方都知道指的是哪只风筝）Open the door,please.请把门打开请把门打开（双方都知道要打开哪扇门）（双方都知道要打开哪扇门）在叙述中，上文（第二次）提到过的人或者事物在叙述中，上文（第二次）提到过的人或者事物e.g.：I can see a kite.我看见一只风筝我看见

36、一只风筝 ：where is the kite?这个风筝在那里？这个风筝在那里？用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人一家人或某某夫妇或某某夫妇”,e.g.The Blacks are watching TV at home now.用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前5.6.7.8.e.g.the sun the sky the moon the earth the world用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only,same，whole等前等前e.g.I live on the second floor.

37、我住在二楼我住在二楼Skating is the best sport in winter.滑冰是冬天最好的运动滑冰是冬天最好的运动用于用于普通名词构成的专有名词）普通名词构成的专有名词）the Palace Museum the Summer Palacethe Red Star Hotel 用在表示乐器的名词之前用在表示乐器的名词之前e.g.the violin the piano the drum 10.用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。如：如：the Yellow River,the West Lake,the Taiwan Island,etc.12

38、.用在用在(the+形容词比较级形容词比较级,the+形容词比较级形容词比较级)结结构构,表示表示”越越-越越-”.Eg.The more we learn,the better we will be.13.e.g.in the day in the morning/afternoon/evening the day before yesterday the next morning/week/month/year in the sky/water/field/country in the dark in the rain in the middle(of)in the end on the

39、right by the way go to the theatre(cinema)零冠词的用法零冠词的用法(和和“”所有格时所有格时。1.2.3.4.Eg.Theyre Our books .Jims pen is very expensive.复数复数名词在表示一类人或者事物时名词在表示一类人或者事物时。e.g.They are teachers.他们是老师。他们是老师。on Childrens Day in the spring of 1945在球类运动及棋类及三餐名词在球类运动及棋类及三餐名词前前。5.6.e.g.play football/basketball,have supper

40、,have chess在街道、广场、公园、桥梁、学校、表示交通手段等前面及一在街道、广场、公园、桥梁、学校、表示交通手段等前面及一些固定搭配中些固定搭配中e.g.Wuma Street Zhongshan Park by bike at night go to school at table at work go to bed at school at home watch TV etc.1)at table在吃饭；在吃饭；at the table在桌子旁在桌子旁2)in class在上课；在上课；in the class在班级中在班级中3)go to school去上学去上学;go to t

41、he school到那所学校去到那所学校去4)go to bed上床睡觉上床睡觉;go to the bed到床那边去到床那边去重温语法聚焦中考重温语法聚焦中考 中考冠词考什么？中考冠词考什么？一、考查不定冠词一、考查不定冠词a 和和an 的区别的区别 -Is it _ English dictionary?-Yes,and it is _ useful one.A.a,a B.a,an C.an,a D.an,an 二、考查不定冠词和定冠词的区别二、考查不定冠词和定冠词的区别 1.Theres _ dictionary on _ desk near the window.A.a,the B.

42、a,a C.the,a D.the,the 2._ earth we live on is bigger than _ moon.A.The,a B.The,the C.An,a D.An,the CAB三、考查三、考查“零冠词零冠词”的用法的用法 1.It takes us nearly _ hour to go to Korla by _ air.A.an,a B.a,an C.an,/D.a,the 2.My uncle isnt _ old man,and he likes playing _ football.A.a,a B.an,an C.the,the D.an,/四、综合考查四

43、、综合考查 _ car in front of our school gate is _.A.The,the Turners B.A,the Turners C./,the Turners D.The,the TurnersCDA 练习：根据需要，在空白处填写适当的冠词练习：根据需要，在空白处填写适当的冠词（不用冠词的划（不用冠词的划/)1.I get up at six in _ morning.2.They will be there in half _ hour.3._ first class begins at eight.4.MR.Smith is from _ England.5.

44、Can you see any planes in _ sky?6.You can find Miss Green in _ Room 208.7.What _ nice T-shirt it is!theanThe/the/a8._ beef we had for dinner last night was excellent.The_ beef is a kind of _ meat./1.完成复习导引完成复习导引P12-13和教与学能力提升和教与学能力提升P255-256.2.复习导引中的语法点复习导引中的语法点P11和教与学和教与学P74-76.3.听写以听写以-C开头的单词开头的单词.