英语简单句和复合句讲稿课件.ppt

1、英语简单句和复合句课件1.句子的成分句子的成分主语:表示句子说的是什么人或什么事,由名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子充当位于句首。谓语:说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样由动词或动词词组充当,位于主语后。宾语:表示动作行为的对象,通常位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语补足语:补充宾语的成分,通常位于宾语后。由形容词，名词，介词短语等充当。表语:说明主语的性质或特征,位于系动词之后。以上的成分称为以上的成分称为基本句子成分基本句子成分。完整的句子一般。完整的句子一般至少包含至少包含2-4个基本成分个基本成分。定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语定语可由以下等成分表示：Guilin is a

2、beautiful city.China is a developing country;America is a developed country.There are thirty women teachers is our school.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.He is reading an articl

3、e about how to learn English.Tom is a boy who likes music very much.（形容词）（形容词）（分词）（分词）（名词）（名词）（代词）（代词）（不定式）（不定式）（动名词）（动名词）（介词短语）（介词短语）（从句）（从句）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。通常由副词，介词短语和从句充当。状语种类如下：How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）Last night she didnt go to the dance party because ofthe r

4、ain.（原因状语）I shall go there if it doesnt rain.（条件状语）Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）She put the eggs into the basket with great care.方式状语She came in with a dictionary in her hand.伴随状语In order to catch up with the others,I must work harder.目的状语He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.结果

5、状语She works very hard though she is old.让步状语I am taller than he is.比较状语同位语:对其前面的名词代词做进一步解释.That is Mr.Chen,our English teacher.插入语:对一句话作一些附加的解释.To be honest,I dont quite agree with you.定语，状语，同位语及插入语可以称为附属句子成分。2.句子的分类句子的分类分类说明例句简单句由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子。即一套主谓关系。1.Tom and I found her there.2.We all

6、 breathe,eat and work.并列句由并列连词（and,so,but,or等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。1.He likes eggs,but he doesnt like chickens.2.Work hard or you will fall behind.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子1.I believe you are right.2.If you study harder,you will pass the exam.她喜欢集邮.食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口.我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了.She is fond of c

7、ollecting stamps.The food was good,but he had little appetite.The film had begun when we got to the cinema.翻译下列句子 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3.There is a chair in this room.4.My brother and I go to school a

8、t half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.简单句 复合句 简单句 简单句 5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.7.Neither has he changed his mind,nor will he do so.8.What he said at the meeting is very important.9.The farmer is

9、showing the boy how to plant a tree.10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.并列句 复合句 并列句 复合句 简单句 简单句 例句：理解各句意思并标记出主语、谓语和宾语 Lucy sings every day.Lucy sings the same song every day.Lucy sang me a song yesterday evening.(=Lucy sang a song for me yesterday evening.)I heard Lucy singing yesterday evening

10、.Lucy is a good singer.3.简单句的基本句型简单句的基本句型练习答案及解析：Lucy sings every day.Lucy sings the same song every day.Lucy sang me a song yesterday evening.(=Lucy sang a song for me yesterday evening.)I heard Lucy singing yesterday evening.Lucy is a good singer.双宾语宾语补足语系动词表语主+谓主+谓+宾主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+宾+宾补主+系+表总结：英语五种基

11、本句型列式如下：基本句型1:+（主谓）基本句型2:+（主谓宾）基本句型3:+（主系表）基本句型4:+O1+2（主谓间宾+直宾）基本句型5:+(主谓宾宾补)五种基本句型 HIGHLIGHTS：基本句型1:+（主谓）&基本句型2:+（主谓宾）*注意区分宾语和状语基本句型3:+（主系表）*注意be动词以外还有哪些系动词基本句型4:+O1+2（主谓间宾+直宾）*注意人和物谁是间宾谁是直宾基本句型5:+(主谓宾宾补)*注意宾补的构成和it做形式宾语练习1：更正下列句子中的错误1.He came the room.2.The music wonderful.3.I have seen.4.He gave

12、a pen me.5.The boss made the boy to work hard.6.My father bought a book to me.1.He came into the room.2.The music sounds wonderful.3.I have seen the film.4.He gave a pen to me.5.The boss made the boy work hard.6.My father bought a book for me.161.We are sitting on the train back home.2.There comes t

13、he bus!3.The egos potential for expansion is limitless.4.Every January,this city hosts the International Snow Sculpture Championships.5.Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday.6.We think it our duty to study well.主+谓主+谓主+系+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间宾+直宾主+谓+宾+宾补练习2：判断下列句子属于何种句型HomeworkHomework 翻译下列句子并分析属于哪种句型：1.这家供应商总是忘记在发货时带上送货单（bill of lading）。2.这是个国际化的公司。3.上周我老板交给（assign）我一项新任务。4.我太太经常叫我努力工作多赚钱。5.同事们都管我们的部门经理叫老王。6.液体洗涤剂在很多家庭已成为（become）洗衣粉的替代品。7.我今天没在吸烟室里吸烟。18英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。