初高中衔接教学时态语态课件.ppt
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1、一般现在时一般现在时1.表示经常发生的动作表示经常发生的动作(习惯性的动作习惯性的动作)或存在的状态或存在的状态.常常always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday 等词连用等词连用.We study English every day.Beijing is the capital of China.My mother always gets up early.He sometimes goes to see a film with his parents.The English teacher said that the earth moves around
2、the sun.Light travels faster than sound.The moon travels round the earth.2.表示客观事实或普通真理(不受时间表示客观事实或普通真理(不受时间限制限制)The No.5 train leaves at 10:30Our holiday begins in July.3.表示根据计划或时间表将要进行的动作表示根据计划或时间表将要进行的动作.4.在有时间状语或条件状语从句的主从符复合句在有时间状语或条件状语从句的主从符复合句中中,如果主句是一般将来时如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时态从句用一般现在时态.I will le
3、t you know as soon as he gets here.If you arent here on time tomorrow,I will write to your parents.二二.一般现在时句子结构一般现在时句子结构 主语+is am are+表语主语+do does +(宾语)(1)The father as well as his three children _skating on the frozen river every Sunday after in winter.(06辽辽宁宁)A.is going B.go C.goes D.are (2)As you
4、 can see,the number of cars on roads _rising these days.(06全全国卷国卷)A.was keeping B.keep C.keeps D.were keeping (3)This machine _.It hasnt worked for years.(06浙江浙江)didnt work B.wasnt working C.doesnt work D.isnt working (4)Scientists think that the continents_always where they _today.(05北京北京)A.arent;a
5、re B.arent;were C.werent;are D.werent;were (4)Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _the Pacific,and we met no storm.A.was called B.is called C.had been called D.has been called -What would you do if it _tomorrow?-We have to carry it on,since we have got everything ready
6、.(05全国全国)A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026_off at 18:20.(06四川四川)A.takes B.took C.will be taken D.has taken I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage.(06重庆重庆)A.will be repaired B.is repaired C.is being repaired D.has been repaired Now
7、adays,a large number of women,especially those from the countryside,_in the clothing industry.(05辽宁辽宁)A.is working B.works C.work D.worked 一般过去时一般过去时1表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常与常与yesterday,in 1990,two days ago,three years ago,last week/year/night,the day before yesterday,the other day,just now
8、,then,at that time 等表示过去的时等表示过去的时间状语连用间状语连用,一般过去时也经常用在没有一般过去时也经常用在没有明确说明过去的时间状语的句子中,如明确说明过去的时间状语的句子中,如:1).My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He _ there for a few months and then went to America.(06江西江西)Aworked B.would workwould be working D.has been working(2)It is said that the early European p
9、laying-cards _ for entertainment and education.(06辽宁辽宁)Awere being designed B.have designed C.have been designed D.were designed2表示过去发生的一连串动作,如:表示过去发生的一连串动作,如:At last,we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch.(05 上海上海)Asitting B.having sat C.
10、to sit D.sat3表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的行为,常与生的行为,常与every day,often,sometimes,regularly等时间状语连用,等时间状语连用,“used to+动词原形动词原形”或或“would+动词动词原形原形”常用来表示过去经常或反复发生常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,如:的动作,如:1).He used to walk along the road after supper.他以前晚饭后总是沿着马路散。他以前晚饭后总是沿着马路散。2).He would sit there for hours sometimes
11、,doing nothing at all.他有时他有时一坐就是几个小时一坐就是几个小时,什么也不做。什么也不做。4用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作,常用在时间、条件、方式、让步状语,常用在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中,如:从句中,如:In a room above the store,where a party _,some workers were busily setting the table.(06湖南湖南)A.was to be held B.has been held C.will be held D.is being held5用来表示语气委婉或
12、对现在情况的用来表示语气委婉或对现在情况的虚拟,如:虚拟,如:Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.(06全国全国)Awas happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened一般将来时态一般将来时态 1.一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态.常与常与表示将来的时间状语表示将来的时间状语tomorrow,next week,in a few days,next timeI shall go to see a friend tomorrow
13、.It will be fine this afternoon.You will be a senior students this term.2.口语中常用口语中常用be going to+do 表示已经决定或安排要表示已经决定或安排要做的事情做的事情;表示有迹象表明必然或可能发生的事情表示有迹象表明必然或可能发生的事情.Its going to rain.Im going to meet her at 7:00.3.英语中还用英语中还用be to+或或 to be about to do 表表示将要发生的事情示将要发生的事情The meeting is to be held tomorro
14、w.The film is about to begin.4.许多动词如许多动词如:go,come,leave,start,arrive 等等,可以用可以用进行时表将来进行时表将来.She is coming to see you this morning.The train is leaving.The plane is arriving .一般将来时句子结构一般将来时句子结构 主语主语+shall will +do主语主语+is amare going to +do主语主语+be to+do 主语主语+be about to+do主语主语+be+doing(1)Your job _ ope
15、n for your return.Thanks.(06北京北京)A.will be kept B.will keep C.had keep D.had been kept(2)As soon as he comes back,Ill tell him when _and see him.(05北京北京)A.you will come B.will you come C.you come D.do you come1)Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions.(04全国全国)A.will never reach B.have never reac
16、hed C.never reach D.never reached(2)_ and Ill get the work finished.A.Have one more hour B.One more hour C.Given one more hour D.If have one more hour 3.一般将来时的表达方式及区别:一般将来时的表达方式及区别:3)am/is/are to+动词原形动词原形表示按计划,预定要做某事,表示按计划,预定要做某事,常表示命令与禁止,意为常表示命令与禁止,意为“应该应该”。2)用)用“will/shall 助动词助动词+动词原形动词原形”表示单纯的将来,
17、表示单纯的将来,不用于条件句,表示必然的将来,也可表意愿与决心。不用于条件句,表示必然的将来,也可表意愿与决心。1)用)用“am/is/are+going to+动词原形动词原形”表示将要发表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情,或有客观迹象表生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情,或有客观迹象表明将会发生的预示。明将会发生的预示。4)am/is/are about to+动词原形动词原形或或 am/is/are on the point of doing sth.表示表示“即将或正要做某事即将或正要做某事”,不与时,不与时间状语连用,但可和间状语连用,但可和 when从句连用。从句连用。(
18、1)Did you tell Julia about the result?Oh,no,I forgot.I _ her now.(05全国卷全国卷)A.Will be calling B.will call C.call D.am to call(2)Look at these clouds._.A.Itll rain B.Its going to rain C.Itll be raining D.It is to rain(3)In such dry weather,the flowers will have to be watered if they _.(01上上海海)A.has su
19、rvived B.are to survive C.would survive D.will survive1 表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作:表示现阶段但不一表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作:表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时;表近期特定的安排或计划;定是发生在讲话时;表近期特定的安排或计划;go,come等起止动作可用进行时代替将来时。如:等起止动作可用进行时代替将来时。如:It is raining now.He is teaching English and learning Chinese.I am meeting Mr.Wang tonight.We are leaving on Fr
20、iday.At six I am bathing the baby.The girl is always talking loud in public.(与频度副词连用,表示经常,反复的动作或某种感情(与频度副词连用,表示经常,反复的动作或某种感情色彩如厌恶,色彩如厌恶,欣赏,表扬等欣赏,表扬等)现在进行时现在进行时1.I dont suppose the police know who did it.Well,surprisingly they do.A man has been arrested and _ now.(06江苏江苏)Ahas been questioned B.is bei
21、ng questioned C.is questioning D.has questioned(2)Listen to the two girls by the window.What language _?(05全国卷全国卷)A.did they speak B.were they speakingC.are they speaking D.have they been speakingProfessor Smith,along with his assistants,_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.(05上海上海)Aw
22、ork B.working C.is working D.are working Are you still busy?Yes,I _ my work,and it wont take long.(05浙江浙江)A.just finish B.am just finishing C.have just finished D.am just going to finish2 下列动词不可用进行时。下列动词不可用进行时。表示心理状态,情感的动词:表示心理状态,情感的动词:like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,need,m
23、ean.表感官的动词:表感官的动词:see,hear,notice,feel,smell,Sound,taste,look,watch.过去进行时过去进行时 表示过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作表示过去某个时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。动词的构成为:。动词的构成为:be(was/were)+doing;过去进行时过去进行时的时间状语常用,的时间状语常用,at eight yesterday morning,from 7:00 to 9:00 last night 有时用有时用when,while连词引导的状语从句表示连词引导的状语从句表示 过去进行时可用来叙述过去经常或反复发生的动过去
24、进行时可用来叙述过去经常或反复发生的动作作 一些表示位移、方向的动作用过去进行时表示过一些表示位移、方向的动作用过去进行时表示过去将来发生的动作去将来发生的动作 表示说话人过去对主语的行为表示的表示说话人过去对主语的行为表示的“赞叹赞叹”或或“厌恶厌恶”等,常与等,常与always,constantly,continually等等副词连用副词连用(1)Whats wrong with your coat?(05重庆重庆)Just now when I wanted to get off the bus,the man next to me _ on it.A.sat B.had sat C.h
25、ad been sitting D.was sitting(2)Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didnt want her parents to know what she _.(05辽宁辽宁)A.has done B.had done C.was doing D.is doing(1)As she _ the newspaper,Granny_ asleep.(NMET 95)A.read,was falling B.was reading,fellC.was reading,was falling
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