《经济学专业英语教程（第四版 上）》课件Unit 1.ppt

1、1.Framework 2.Contents14 units,and each unit includes one text and one additional textUnits 1-6 concern microeconomics,and Units 7-14 concern macroeconomicsUnit 1Text:What Is Economics?（什么是经济学？）Additional Text:The Economic Problem（经济学的问题）Unit 2 Text:Demand and Supply（需求与供给）Additional Text:Utility an

2、d Consumer Choice（效用与消费者选择）Unit 3 Text:Price Elasticities of Demand and Supply（需求与供给的价格弹性）Additional Text:The Factors Influencing the Price Elasticities of Demand and Supply（影响需求与供给价格弹性的因素）Unit 4Text:Cost of Production（生产成本）Additional Text:Economies and Diseconomies of Scale（规模经济与规模不经济）Unit 5 Text:M

3、onopoly（垄断）Additional Text:Perfect Competition（完全竞争）Unit 6 Text:Oligopoly（寡头垄断）Additional Text:Monopolistic Competition（垄断竞争）Unit 7 Text:Gross Domestic Product（国内生产总值）Additional Text:Two Alternative Approaches of Measuring GDP（衡量国内生产总值的两种可供选择的方法）Unit 8 Text:Economic Growth（经济增长）Additional Text:Sourc

4、es of Economic Development（经济发展的源泉）Unit 9 Text:Inflation（通货膨胀）Additional Text:Unemployment（失业）Unit 10Text:Money and Banking（货币与银行）Additional Text:The U.S.Central Bank:The Federal Reserve System（美国的中央银行：联邦储备制度）Unit 11Text:Foreign Exchange and Exchange Rate（外汇与汇率）Additional Text:The Effects of Exchang

5、e Rates on the Economy（汇率对经济的影响）Unit 12Text:The Balance of Payments（国际收支）Additional Text:International Monetary Systems（国际货币体系）Unit 13Text:Fiscal and Monetary Policy（财政政策与货币政策）Additional Text:Lags in the Economys Response to Monetary and Fiscal Policy（经济对财政与货币政策的反应滞后）Unit 14Text:Role of Government i

6、n the Economy（政府在经济中的作用）Additional Text:Governments Policies Toward Externalities（政府针对外部性的政策）Unit OneText:What Is Economics?（什么是经济学？）1.Key words2.Definition of economics3.Economics is a science4.Importance of economics5.Economic system6.Translate the following into Chinese7.Questionsdecision-makingm

7、aterial well-beingincessant changelaboratory specimensvalue judgmentavailability of jobssatisfy ones wantseconomic institutionsframework of organizationwelfare statestandard of livingstability of prices2.1 Economics is the study of mankind in the ordinary business of life;it examines that part of in

8、dividual and social action which is most closely connected with the attainment and with the use of the material requisites of well-being.2.2 Economics has also been defined as the study of decision-making;decisions which involve choosing between alternatives in the related activities of earning,spen

9、ding,producing and consuming,all with the object of achieving material well-being.Economics is often thought of as a science.However,it is a very inexact science because it is a social science,and is affected by the many influences that lead to incessant change.A knowledge of economics will allow us

10、 to analyze and assess the values of policies and decisions made by politicians.And it will help us to become more aware of the current and future problems of our society and therefore better able to cope with them.5.1 An economic system is made up of the collection of relationships,customs,institut

11、ions,laws and arrangements that are combined to satisfy the economic wants of the communityto determine what and how production takes place,and who receives the output.5.2 The economic system of a society does grow or,rather,develop,because the type of system a country has depended on its historical

12、 background and its political forces.5.3 The way it does this depends largely on the type of society.In the USA there is still a belief in the value of free enterprise and the ability of individuals to succeed if they work hard enough.In some countries,such as England and possibly Sweden,there is a

13、belief in the welfare state,that it is up to the government to look after the citizens from the cradle to the grave,although there have been criticisms of this approach because of cost.Countries like Australia seem to represent a mixture of both these attitudes.5.4 National characteristics and belie

14、f systems have led to many differences between economic systems.(1)Economics is the study of mankind in the ordinary business of life;it examines that part of individual and social action which is most closely connected with the attainment and with the use of the material requisites of well-being.(2

15、)Even our own personal decisions are often affected by the state of the economy,so we could make better choices if we understood the way the economy operates.(3)The principles and motives from which people act are not necessarily economic in origin,and are often based on non-economic values.(4)An ec

16、onomic system is made up of the collection of relationships,customs,institutions,laws and arrangements that are combined to satisfy the economic wants of the communityto determine what and how production takes place,and who receives the output.(1)What is the definition of economics?(2)What are the main concerns of economists?(3)Why should we learn the basic economic theory?(4)What are economic goods and services?(5)What influences the type of economic system in a country?(6)What type of economic system operates in China?