2022年中考英语复习-精讲语法-一般现在时课件.pptx

1、 一般现在时 一般现在时的标志性词一般现在时的概念一般现在时的句型变化 第一部分 一般现在时的概念 011.表示现在的状态。eg:He is twelve.I have three ping-pong balls and two ping-pong bats.2.表经常或习惯性的动作,常与always usually often sometimes seldom hardlynever 等连用。eg：He always forgets what he did in the past3.表示主语具备的喜好、性格和能力等。eg:He is vety silent.Tom likes beef,bu

2、t he doesnt like chicken.4.表示客观真理 e.g.There are seven days in a week.The moon moves round the earth 第二部分 一般现在时的标志性词 02常与一般现在时连用的词：every系列dayyearmonthweekmorningafternooneveningMonday划出句子中的频率副词1.LiPingisalwayslateforschool on Monday.2om isneverlateforschool in the morning.3helittlegirlseldomgoesout.4

3、.I am busy with this work everyday.5.Sometimeswegotothecinema.练一练划出句子中的频率副词1.LiPingisalwayslateforschool on Monday.2om isneverlateforschool in the morning.3helittlegirlseldomgoesout.4.I am busy with this work everyday.5.Sometimeswegotothecinema.练一练答案 第二部分 一般现在时的句型变化 03 含有be动词的一般现在时 陈述句：He is from Qi

4、ng guo.否定句：He is not a normal person.一般疑问句：Is he a robot?肯定回答：Yes,he is .否定回答：No,he isnt.特殊疑问句：Where is he from?你可以总结一下一般现在时的句型结构吗？be 动词的一般现在时句型结构 肯定句：主语+be+其他.（主+系+表）否定句：主语+be+not+其他.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其他？回答：Yes,主语+be.No,主语+be+not.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词型一般疑问句？我（I）用am，你（You）用 areis 用于he、she、it单数 is，复数 are缩写I am=

5、Im you are=yourehe is=hes she is=shesit is=its we are=were they are=theyrebe 动词使用小口诀：I.用适当的be动词填空1.I a boy.you a boy?No,I not.2.The girl Jacks sister.3.your brother in the classroom?4.Who I?5.The books on the desk.6.My sisters name Nancy.练一练I.用适当的be动词填空1.I am boy.Are you a boy?No,I amnot.2.The girl

6、is Jacks sister.3.Is your brother in the classroom?4.Who amI?5.The books are on the desk.6.My sisters name is Nancy.练一练答案含有实义动词的一般现在时1.动词原形；如:like2.第三人称单数动词形式；如:likes主语+(+其它)。行为动词原形实义动词的单数第三人称形式如：We study English.我们学习英语。He wants to know the old things.实义动词什么叫实义动词？实义动词是指表示有具体意思的动词,也叫行为动词。如:like(喜欢）,e

7、at（吃）,live（居住）,have（有）,run（跑）等等。实义动词占英语中动词的绝大多数。注意：我们已学过的be 动词可译成“是”，有时译成“成为”，有时则没有具体意思如：“She is tall.”这句译成：“她很高”。故be 动词不属于实义动词。什么是第三人称单数？一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如：He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：Han Mei looks like her

8、mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。Beijing is in China.北京在中国。Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。三、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：Everyone is here.每个人都在这。This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。That is an eraser.那是一个橡皮。四、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：The milk is in the glass.牛奶在杯子里。The bread is ve

9、ry small.面包非常小。五、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：6 is a lucky number.6是一个幸运数字。I is a letter.I是一个字母。根据下面的三条内容，你能发现变化规则吗？1.workworksplayplayssingsings2.passpasses fixfixesteachteaches washwashesdodoesgogoes3.studystudiescarrycarriesflyflies动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 1、一般情况，在词尾加-s 2、以s,x,ch,sh,o,结尾的动词，在词尾加-es 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动

10、词,把y变成 i,再加es备注：有些词要特殊记忆havehas读音：清辅音后发/s/，浊辅音和元音发/z/，stz等音素结尾的发iz音。实义动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 练一练写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式：wash _guess_ study_ finish_do _ carry _stop _ see _ drive _have _stay _ give _ ring _ dance_ let _ 练一练答案写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式：wash washes guessguesses studystudiesfinishfinishesdo does carry carriessto

11、p stops see sees drivedriveshave has stay stays give givesring rings dancedances let lets肯定句：主(非三单)+动词（原型）+其他.（主+谓+宾）eg:I like reading books.否定句：主+dont+动词原形+其他.eg:I _(like)reading books.一般现在时实义动词型 句型结构 助动词 do 的三单does 否定形式 dont、doesnt 一般疑问句：Do+主语（非三单）+动词原形+其他？eg：_(like)reading books?回答：Yes,主语+do.No,主

12、语+dont.特殊疑问句：(特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？)_+_ you _?（划线部分提问）一般现在时实义动词型 句型结构 助动词 do 的三单does 否定形式 dont、doesnt 肯定句：主（三单）+动词（三单）+其他.eg：He likes drinking on the street.否定句：主（三单）+doesnt（三单）+动词原形+其他.eg：He _(like)drinking on the street.一般现在时实义动词型 句型结构 助动词 do 的三单does 否定形式 dont、doesnt 一般疑问句：Does（三单）+主语+动词原形+其他？eg：_(like)dri

13、nking on the street?回答：Yes,主语+does.No,主语+doesnt.特殊疑问句：(特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？)_+_ he _?（划线部分提问）一般现在时实义动词型 句型结构 助动词 do 的三单does 否定形式 dont、doesnt 实义动词的一般现在时用法小结 谓语动词是实义动词时,其一般现在时的谓语动词形式有两种第三人称单数或原形。其否定句和疑问句要借助于does或do来帮助构成。助动词的用法小结一、什么是助动词？v在英语中，助动词本身没有意义，只是帮助实义动词完成某些语法功能，如构成否定句、疑问句、简略答语等。v助动词主要有be，do，have等。v本节课

14、我们主要探究do的基本用法。二.助动词do的基本用法 do有三种形式：原形现在式第三人称单数过去式（这里只需对此有基本了解即可）do的基本用法：v构成否定句v构成一般疑问句及回答v构成特殊疑问句 原形肯定式：do否定式：do not缩略否定式：dont用法：do用在第一人称单复数、第二人称单复数和第三人称复数做主语，且时态为一般现在时的句子中。现在式第三人称单数 肯定式：does否定式：does not缩略否定式：doesnt用法：does用在第三人称单数做主语，且时态为一 般现在时的句子中。注意：当does出现时，句子中用动词原形。练一练1.What color()you like best

15、?A.do B.does C.are 2.What food()she like best?A.do B.does C.is3.Dos she()apples or pears?A.likes B.like C.liked4.Do you like red?().A.Yes,I dont.B.Yes,I do.C.No,I do.D.No,I doesnt.练一练答案1.What color()you like best?A.do B.does C.are 2.What food()she like best?A.do B.does C.is3.Dos she()apples or pears

16、?A.likes B.like C.liked4.Do you like red?().A.Yes,I dont.B.Yes,I do.C.No,I do.D.No,I doesnt.含情态动词的一般现在时肯定句：主+情态动词+动词（原型）+其他.eg：They can carry the box.否定句：主+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他.eg：They _ _ the box.一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？eg：_ _ carry the box?回答：Yes,主语+情态动词.No,主语+情态动词+not.1.变成一般疑问句时，一二人称要互换。注意！2.变成否定句和一般疑问

17、句时，some要变成any。一般现在时实意动词型-易错点 3.变成否定句时，and要变成or。练一练I.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Myclassmate_(know)themanonthebike.2.Hissisterusually_(go)toschoolat7:00am.3.LinTao_(like)hisnewsweater.4.Lets_(play)tennis!5.He_(notknow)theteachersname.6.CanI_(ask)thepoliceman?III.根据汉语提示，补全句子。1.他每天六点钟起床。He_sixeverymorning.2.小明经常去远足。

18、XiaoMing_hiking.3.她总是在星期天看望爷爷奶奶。She_hergrandparentsonSundays.4.Sandy周末上学吗？_Sandy_schoolonweekends?5.他什么时候去上班？When_hegoto_?练一练答案I.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Myclassmate_knows_(know)themanonthebike.2.Hissisterusuallygoes(go)toschoolat7:00am.3.LinTaolikes(like)hisnewsweater.4.Letsplay(play)tennis!5.Hedoesnt(notknow

19、)theteachersname.6.CanIask(ask)thepoliceman?III.根据汉语提示，补全句子。1.他每天六点钟起床。Hegets up at sixeverymorning.2.小明经常去远足。XiaoMingoftengoeshiking.3.她总是在星期天看望爷爷奶奶。She always visits her grandparentsonSundays.4.Sandy周末上学吗？DoesSandygo to schoolonweekends?5.他什么时候去上班？When doeshegotowork?第三部分 总结及习题演练 03一般现在时be动词型实义动词型

20、概念总结习题演练1.My mother often asks me _ some cleaning on Sundays A do B.does C.did D.to do 2.Do you often hear John _in his room?Listen!Now we can hear him _ in his room.A.sing,to sing B.sing,sing C.sing,singing D.to sing,singing 3.Would you please tell me next?A.how do B.what to do C.what do I do D.how

21、 I should do 练一练4.He sits down and _ a rest.A.having B.have C.to have D.has5.Uncle Wang never _ a cake.A.make B.to make C.making D.makes6.The picture _ nice.A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is lookingII.用括号内词的适当形式填空I _(be)a student.I _(be)from China.Mr.Wei_(be)my English teacher.He _(speak)English well and he _(work)hard a lot.I_(like)English very much.Lucy_(be)my friend.She _(be)from America.She _(not speak)Chinese well.We _(not like)football.We _(be)good friends.一.1-5:CCBDDA二.am am is speaks works like is is doesnt speak dont like are答案