高二英语(选修八)unit-3-Grammar课件.ppt（纯ppt,不包含音视频素材）

1、Grammar-Revise the Past Participle as the Attribute,Predicative and Object Complement 1.及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示完成。示完成。(1)茶杯破了。茶杯破了。The cup is broken.2.不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。完成。(2)他已退休

2、他已退休。He is retired.q 过去分词作表语过去分词作表语 Grammar:3.有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。动结构。(3)这座城市三面环山。这座城市三面环山。The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains.q 过去分词作表语过去分词作表语 Grammar:【注意注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。动语态则表示动作。(1)茶杯是昨天我小妹

3、打碎的。茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。（是被动语态，（是被动语态，表示动作）表示动作）The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.(2)图书馆关门了。（过去分词作表语）图书馆关门了。（过去分词作表语）The library is now closed.【注意注意】过去分词表示被动或完成过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing 形式表示形式表示主动或进行。有些动词如主动或进行。有些动词如 interest,bore,worry,surprise,frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用饰人，用-ing 形式来修饰物。形

4、式来修饰物。(3)The book is interesting and Im interested in it.这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。我对金庸写的小说很感兴趣。我对金庸写的小说很感兴趣。_.当他听到他在比赛中赢得第一名时很兴奋。当他听到他在比赛中赢得第一名时很兴奋。He became _ when he heard he had won the first place in the competition.Im interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong excitedq过去分词作定语过去分词作定语

5、作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。词作定语，只表完成。1.过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。修饰的名词之前。We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。情况。q过去分词

6、作定语过去分词作定语 2.过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。句简洁，多用于书面语中。The concert given by their friends was a success.他他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。常有逗号。他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。Th

7、e meeting,attended by over five thousand people,welcomed the great hero.完成下面句子：完成下面句子：1._(污染的污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health.2.The problem _（在会议上讨论（在会议上讨论的）的）yesterday was very difficult to solve.Polluteddiscussed3.破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。_will be replaced soon.=The window which wa

8、s broken will be replaced soon.4.昨天买的书确实不错。昨天买的书确实不错。The books _are of high quality.=the books which were bought yesterday are of high quality.The broken windowbought yesterdayq 过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see,watch,observe,look at,

9、hear,listen to,feel,notice,think等。等。(1)我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。I heard the song sung in English.(2)他发现他的家乡变化很大。他发现他的家乡变化很大。He found his hometown greatly changed.2.表示表示“致使致使”意义的动词。如：意义的动词。如：have,make,get,keep,leave等。等。(1)明天我要理发。明天我要理发。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.(2)他昨天把牙拔了。他昨天把牙拔了。He got his to

10、oth pulled out yesterday.(3)要把那些事情做完。要把那些事情做完。Dont leave those things undone.【注意注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。辑上的动宾关系。（二）使役动词（二）使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。1.过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。(1)他的钱给偷了。他的钱给偷了。He had his money stolen.（被别人偷去了）（被别人偷去了）2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。过去分词所表示的

11、动作由句中的主语所经历。如：如：(2)他的腿断了。他的腿断了。He had his leg broken.（自己的经历）（自己的经历）q“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构结构“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：原因等状语。例如：(1)The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式凶手

12、被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）(2)With water heated,we can see the steam.水一被加热，我水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）(q“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构结构“with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：原因等状语。例如：(3)With the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解决事情

13、得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因），我们都回家了。（表原因）(4)She stood in front of him,with her eyes fixed on his face.她她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他。站在他面前，眼睛注视着他。(5)He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举他仍然举着手站了一会儿。着手站了一会儿。例 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.On the second floor lay an old woman _(kill)in the fire.2.The teach buildings _(buil

14、d)in 1960 need repairing.3.I found my school bag _(leave)in Marys room.4._(give)more time,Ill finish my work on time.5.Compared with _(develop)countries,we still have a long way to go.6.The English teacher entered the room,_(follow)by his students.killedbuiltleft Givendevelopedfollowed11989 Good mor

15、ning.Can I help you?Id like to have this package ,madam.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed2.1990 Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.has been invited3.1990 more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.

16、Giving D.Having given4.1991 The murderer was brought in,with his hands_ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied高考题解析5.1993 The computer centre,last year,is very popular among the students in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened6.1996 in thought,he almost ran i

17、nto the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose7.2000 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.A.carried out B.carrying out C.carry out D.to carry out1.The Olympic Games,1.The Olympic Games,in 776 B.C,did not include women in 776 B.C,did not inclu

18、de women players until 1912.players until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playingC.first played D.to be first playing2.The woman kept her eyes2.The woman kept her eyes on her baby for quite some time.on her baby for quite so

19、me time.A.to fix B.fixed C.fixing D.being fixed A.to fix B.fixed C.fixing D.being fixed3.3.by a crowd of people,he felt nervous,by a crowd of people,he felt nervous,what to say.what to say.A.watching,A.watching,didn didnt know B.Having watched,and not knowt know B.Having watched,and not know C.havin

20、g been watched,not know D.Being watched,not knowing C.having been watched,not know D.Being watched,not knowing4.The boy lay on his back,with his teeth 4.The boy lay on his back,with his teeth ,his right hand,his right hand ,and his glaring eyesand his glaring eyes straight upward.straight upward.A.s

21、et,raising,looked B.set,raised,looking A.set,raising,looked B.set,raised,looking C.setting,raised,looked D.to set,raising,looking C.setting,raised,looked D.to set,raising,lookingPractices:5._from space,our earth,with water 70%of its surface,appears as a“blue planet”.A.Seeing,covering B.Having seen,c

22、overed C.To see,covered D.Seen,covering6.My brother left the work half ,for you can find many books scattered on the floor.A.done,lying B.doing,lain C.do,lay D.did,lie7.in 1866,Ulysses S,Grant was the first United States citizen after George Washington to hold that rank.A.To be a full general B.He w

23、as made a full general C.Made a full general D.As a full general8.Having been served lunch .A.the problem was discussed by the members of the clubB.the members of the club discussed the problemC.it was discussed by the members of the clubD.a discussion of the problem was made by the members9.He has

24、lots of books,that he is still young.A.considering B.considered C.being considered D.our considering10.“more attention,my pronunciation will be improved greatly.”,and“_more time,I will improve my pronunciation greatly”.A.Given,Giving B.Given,Given C.Giving,Giving D.Giving,GivenComplete the following

25、 sentences by using the past participle of suitable verbs.burn understand lose invite beat embarrass injure suggest crowd sign disappoint please1.The committee didnt approve the engineers _ changes.2.We need another copy of the _ agreement.3.He seemed _ by the question.4.The girl felt thoroughly _ i

26、n the _ streets of Paris.5.I cant bear the smell of _ toast.suggestedsignedembarrassedlostcrowdedburnt6.She tried to make herself _ while giving her talk.7.I was _ to see our team _ by a weaker team.8.My mother appeared _ with the chicken she cooked.9.The boy _ in the accident was taken to the nearest hospital.10.Some of the guests _ to the party didnt arrive in time because of the traffic jams.understooddisappointedbeatenpleasedinjuredinvited