人教版英语选择性必修第一册-UNIT-1-People-of-Achievement单词短语讲解课件.ppt（纯ppt,不包含音视频素材）

1、一、单词默写一、单词默写crucial vital boil obtain acknowledge defeat mostly flow found theory genius patent extraordinary encounter professor remarkable draft academy academic evaluate evaluation analyse analysis apparently apparent scientific science scientist conclusion conclude novelist novel politician poli

2、tics political gentle gently gradually gradual consequence consequent consequently 目标；目的 客观的 性质；特征；财产 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 液体 液体的；液态的 物质；物品；事实根据 条件；环境；状况 图表 记录；制定计划 推断；推定 众多的；许多的 酷爱；热情 社会公共机构；制度；习俗 哀悼；忧伤 方法；技巧；装置；仪器 二、重点单词讲解二、重点单词讲解1.crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的至关重要的；关键性的同义词：同义词：vital essentiala crucial factor/is

3、sue/decision关键性的因素关键性的因素/问题问题/决定决定topics of crucial importance至关重要的课题至关重要的课题Winning this contract is crucial to the success of the company.赢得这份合同对这家公司的成败至关重要。赢得这份合同对这家公司的成败至关重要。The next few weeks are going to be crucial.今后几个星期是关键。今后几个星期是关键。Parents play a crucial role in preparing their child for sch

4、ool.父母对孩子做好上学的准备起着至关重要的作用。父母对孩子做好上学的准备起着至关重要的作用。be crucial to/for sth对对.是至关重要的，关键的是至关重要的，关键的It is crucial that.是至关重要的是至关重要的 1.Your determination and hard-working _ your career success.2._that the patient should be sent to the hospital immediately.are crucial toIt is crucial 2.vital adj.必不可少的，极其重要的，充

5、满生机的必不可少的，极其重要的，充满生机的the vitamins that are vital for health保持健康必不可少的维生素保持健康必不可少的维生素Good financial accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise.妥善的财务账目对任何公司的成功都是极其重要的。妥善的财务账目对任何公司的成功都是极其重要的。It is vital that you keep accurate records when you are self-employed.干个体的要准确记录账目，这十分重要。干个体的要准确记录账目，这十分重

6、要。Reading is of vital importance in language learning.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。阅读在语言学习中至关重要。The police play a vital role in our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。It was vital to show that he was not afraid.最重要的是要表现出他毫无畏惧。最重要的是要表现出他毫无畏惧。be vital to/for.对对.是必不可少的，极其重要的是必不可少的，极其重要的mit vt.承诺承诺,保证保证(某个人、

7、机构等）某个人、机构等）vi.忠于忠于;全心全意投入全心全意投入(工作、活动等工作、活动等)Liu Hulan committed herself to fight for the happiness of the people of the whole nation.刘胡兰承诺要为全国人民的幸福而奋斗。刘胡兰承诺要为全国人民的幸福而奋斗。The President is committed to reforming health care.总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。Borrowers should think carefully before committin

8、g themselves to taking out a loan.借款人应当慎重考虑之后再行借贷。借款人应当慎重考虑之后再行借贷。Both sides committed themselves to settle the dispute peacefully.双方承诺和平解决争端。双方承诺和平解决争端。mit sb./yourself to sth./doing sth./to do sth承诺，保证（做某事、遵承诺，保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）守协议或遵从安排等）2.be committed to sth./doing sth.承诺，保证承诺，保证做做.补充：补充：commit做出

9、（错或非法的事）；犯（罪或错等）做出（错或非法的事）；犯（罪或错等）to commit murder.犯凶杀罪犯凶杀罪Most crimes are committed by young men.多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。commit suicide自杀自杀commit a crime 犯罪犯罪;犯下罪行犯下罪行committedadj.尽心尽力的尽心尽力的,坚定的坚定的;忠诚的忠诚的a committed member of the team忠于职守的队员忠于职守的队员They are committed socialists.他们是坚定的社会主义者。他们是坚定的社

10、会主义者。Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China on 30 December 1930.屠呦呦屠呦呦,一个坚定又有耐性的科学家一个坚定又有耐性的科学家,于于1930年年12月月30号出生于中国宁波。号出生于中国宁波。commitment承诺；许诺；允诺承担；保证；（对工作承诺；许诺；允诺承担；保证；（对工作或某活动）献身，奉献，投入或某活动）献身，奉献，投入She doesnt want to make a big emotional commitment to Steve at the mom

11、ent.她不想在此刻对史蒂夫在感情上作出重大的承诺。她不想在此刻对史蒂夫在感情上作出重大的承诺。the governments commitment to public services政府对公共服务事业作出的承诺政府对公共服务事业作出的承诺 We made a commitment to keep working together.我们承诺继续合作。我们承诺继续合作。They made a commitment to peace.他们承诺要维护和平。他们承诺要维护和平。4.objective n.目标；目的目标；目的 adj.客观的客观的the main/primary/principal

12、objective主要主要/首要首要/主要目标主要目标to meet/achieve your objectives达到达到/实现你的目标实现你的目标You must set realistic aims and objectives for yourself.你必须给自己确定切实可行的目的和目标你必须给自己确定切实可行的目的和目标an objective analysis/assessment/report客观的分析客观的分析/评价评价/报告报告objective criteria客观标准客观标准I find it difficult to be objective where hes co

13、ncerned.只要涉及他，我就难以做到保持客观。只要涉及他，我就难以做到保持客观。object n.物体；物品；东西；目的；目标；物体；物品；东西；目的；目标；宾语宾语 v.不同意；不赞成；反对不同意；不赞成；反对(to sb/sth)|(to doing sth/to sb doing sth)everyday objects日常用品日常用品The object is to educate people about road safety.目的就是教育人们注意交通安全。目的就是教育人们注意交通安全。Many local people object to the building of th

14、e new airport.许多当地的居民反对兴建新机场。许多当地的居民反对兴建新机场。If nobody objects,well postpone the meeting till next week.如果没有人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周。如果没有人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周。I really object to being charged for parking.我非常反对收停车费。我非常反对收停车费。5.evaluate vt.评价评价,评估评估Our research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of the different

15、drugs.我们的研究试图对不同药物的疗效进行评估。我们的研究试图对不同药物的疗效进行评估。We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价Therefore,establishing an evaluation system is necessary for our course reform.因此因此,对我们的课程改革来讲对我们的课程改革来讲,建立一个评价体系是很有必要的。建立一个评价体系是很有必要的。evaluation n.评价、评估；评价、评估；医学医学诊断诊

16、断;6.property n.性质、特征、财产；不动产；房地产性质、特征、财产；不动产；房地产Compare the physical properties of the two substances.比较一下这两种物质的物理特性。比较一下这两种物质的物理特性。a plant with medicinal properties药用植物药用植物This building is government property.这座大楼是政府的财产。这座大楼是政府的财产。Be careful not to damage other peoples property.小心别损及别人的财物。小心别损及别人的财物

17、。The price of property has risen enormously.房地产的价格大幅上升了。房地产的价格大幅上升了。property prices房地产价格房地产价格a property developer房地产开发商房地产开发商7.distinct adj.清晰的清晰的;清楚的清楚的;有区别的有区别的distinct from与与不同不同distinction区别区别,差别差别;特性特性;荣誉荣誉,勋章；优秀；勋章；优秀；杰出；卓越杰出；卓越There was a distinct smell of gas.有一股明显的煤气味。有一股明显的煤气味。His voice wa

18、s quiet but every word was distinct.他说话声音不大，但字字清晰他说话声音不大，但字字清晰Gold is distinct from iron.金在性质上不同于铁金在性质上不同于铁.distinctions between traditional and modern societies传统社会和现代社会的差别传统社会和现代社会的差别We need to draw a distinction between the two events.我们得把两起事件区别开来。我们得把两起事件区别开来。a writer of distinction优秀作家优秀作家8.ext

19、ract n.提取物提取物;摘录摘录vt.提取提取;提炼提炼;摘录摘录;(用用 力力)拔出拔出face cream containing natural plant extracts含有天然植物提取物的面霜含有天然植物提取物的面霜The following extract is taken from her new novel.下面一段摘自她的新小说。下面一段摘自她的新小说。to extract essential oils from plants从植物中提取香精油从植物中提取香精油This article is extracted from his new book.本文选自他的新书。本文选

20、自他的新书。The dentist may decide that the wisdom teeth need to be extracted.牙医可能会认为智齿需要拔掉牙医可能会认为智齿需要拔掉【即学活用】【即学活用】语法填空语法填空(1)Language teachers often extract examples _grammar books.(2)Li Shizhen discovered a variety of herbs whose _(extract)can cure certain diseases.fromextracts9.acknowledge vt.承认（事实、权威

21、等）承认（事实、权威等）;（公开）感谢；告知收悉（公开）感谢；告知收悉*We acknowledge him as a genius.我们承认他是个天才。我们承认他是个天才。*You have to acknowledge that its your own fault.你必须承认这是你自己的过错。你必须承认这是你自己的过错。*I wish to acknowledge your assistance in the making of this film.我希望鸣谢你在拍摄这部电影中给予的帮助。All applications will be acknowledged.所有的申请都将得到复函告

22、知收悉。be acknowledged as.被认为是被认为是It is universally/generally acknowledged that.公认为公认为/普遍认为普遍认为1.Many people _(承认、认可)that Ma Yun was hard-working and fortunate as well.2._ that he is the best player in the team.3.He _ the best player in the world.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员4.I sincerely _（感谢）financial support from se

23、veral local businesses.我对本地几家企业的资助表示真诚的感谢。acknowledgeIt is generally acknowledgedis widely acknowledged asacknowledge10.defeat n.失败失败,挫败挫败vt.击败击败,战胜战胜*Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.屠呦呦不会轻易认输的。屠呦呦不会轻易认输的。*He declared that we are to defeat those who attempted to tear the world down in time.他宣

24、布他宣布:我们迟早会打败那些企图撕裂世界的人我们迟早会打败那些企图撕裂世界的人This is why most senior high school students suffer defeat every day.这就是如今大多数高中生每天遭受失败的原因。这就是如今大多数高中生每天遭受失败的原因。take defeat 接受失败接受失败suffer defeat遭受失败遭受失败He defeated all his opponents.他击败了所有他的对手。The party faces defeat in the election.这个党面临选举失败过去时态：defeated 过去分词de

25、feated 同义词：beat beat、beat11.apparently adv.显而易见显而易见;看来看来;显然显然Apparently they are getting divorced soon.看样子，他们很快就要离婚。看样子，他们很快就要离婚。He paused,apparently lost in thought.他停顿下来，显然陷入了沉思。他停顿下来，显然陷入了沉思。I thought she had retired,but apparently(=in fact)she hasnt.我原以为她退休了，但显然她还没有退。我原以为她退休了，但显然她还没有退。adj.appare

26、nt显而易见；明白易懂；显然显而易见；明白易懂；显然=obviousIt was apparent from her face that she was really upset.从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱。It is/was apparent that.很显然很显然“显然显然”表达有多种表达有多种It is apparent/obvious/distinct/evident that.Apparently/Obviously/Distinctly/Evidently.(1)It was _ that he was angry.(2)_,he i

27、s telling lies to his parents.apparentApparently12.substance物质；物品；东西物质；物品；东西;事实基础；根据事实基础；根据a chemical/radioactive,etc.substance化学、放射性等物质化学、放射性等物质banned/illegal substances(=drugs)禁用禁用/非法物品非法物品There is some substance in what he says.他的话是有一定根据的他的话是有一定根据的13.insist vi.&vt.坚持坚持;坚决要求坚决要求*She insisted on/up

28、on(our)going to Beijing by air as it was more comfortable.她坚持要她坚持要(我们我们)乘飞机去北京乘飞机去北京,因为乘飞机更舒适。因为乘飞机更舒适。*Though all his friends blamed him,he insisted that he had done nothing wrong.尽管他所有的朋友都责备他尽管他所有的朋友都责备他,但他坚持认为他没做错任何事。但他坚持认为他没做错任何事。*My mother insisted that I(should)clean my room first.妈妈强烈要求我先把我的房

29、间打扫干净。妈妈强烈要求我先把我的房间打扫干净。【词块积累】【词块积累】insist on/upon(doing)sth.坚持坚持(做做)某事某事insist that.(1)坚持说坚持说/认为认为(从句内容表示一个事实从句内容表示一个事实,从句谓语按实从句谓语按实际需要选择时态际需要选择时态)(2)强烈要求强烈要求/坚持坚持(从句用虚拟语气从句用虚拟语气,即即should+动词原形动词原形,should可以省略可以省略)Mr Smith insisted that Tom had stolen his car,he insisted that he(should)be put into pr

30、ison.由于坚持认为汤姆偷了他的小汽车由于坚持认为汤姆偷了他的小汽车,史密斯先生强烈要求把他关进监狱。史密斯先生强烈要求把他关进监狱。【即学活用】【即学活用】语法填空语法填空(1)I insisted that he _(be)wrong.(2)They insisted on _(go)there by motorbike.(3)She insisted that we _(turn)in our homework on time.(4)He insisted _ making a voyage after graduating from college.wasgoing(should)t

31、urnon/uponThe insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal wear and tear.保险单不保正常使用所造成的坏损。保险单不保正常使用所造成的坏损。12.wear and tear（正常使用造成的）磨损，（正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗，损坏损耗，损坏The furniture suffers a lot of wear and tear when the children are at home.孩子们在家时孩子们在家时,家具就会遭到许多损坏家具就会遭到许多损坏.13.conclusion n.结论；推论结论；推

32、论；结束；结果；结；结束；结果；结尾；结局尾；结局draw/reach/come to/arrive at/make a conclusion得出结论得出结论We can safely draw some conclusions from our discussion.从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些结论。It took the jury some time to reach the conclusion that she was guilty.陪审团花了很长时间才得出结论认为她有罪The conclusion of the book was disappointing.这部书的结尾令人失望。

33、In conclusion,(=finally)I would like to thank最后，我想感谢conclude vt.推断出推断出,得出结论得出结论vi.结束结束,终止终止What do you conclude from that?你从这件事中得出了什么结论？你从这件事中得出了什么结论？He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。*He concluded his class with a funn

34、y story.他以一个有趣的故事结束了他的课。他以一个有趣的故事结束了他的课。*To conclude,I wish you a Happy New Year.总之总之,祝你们新年快乐。祝你们新年快乐。【词块积累】【词块积累】(1)conclude.with.以以结束结束conclude from.that.从从中得出结论中得出结论to conclude最后最后(2)conclusionn.结论结论draw a conclusion得出结论得出结论in conclusion最后最后,总之总之make a conclusion下结论下结论1.I wonder who make this dec

35、ision and how they come to their _(conclude).2._ conclude,what he said makes sense.3.I conclude _your statements that youre not in favor.4.We may reasonably _that the meeting has been postponed.我们有理由可以断定我们有理由可以断定,会议推迟了会议推迟了.5.The programme_ Stravinskys Rite of Spring.演出节目以斯特拉文斯基的春之祭结束。演出节目以斯特拉文斯基的春之

36、祭结束。6.He _ wishing everyone a safe trip home.他讲话结束时祝愿大家回家一路平安。他讲话结束时祝愿大家回家一路平安。7._,Id like to thank you for all youve done for me.最后最后,我要感谢你们为我所做的一切我要感谢你们为我所做的一切.conclusionTofromconclude concluded withconcluded byIn conclusion14.flee vi.&vt.迅速离开、逃跑迅速离开、逃跑过去时态：过去时态：fled 过去分词：过去分词：fledflee from sb/sth

37、 从从.逃离逃离 flee to/into逃跑到逃跑到a camp for refugees fleeing from the war收留战争难民的难民营收留战争难民的难民营He fled to London after an argument with his family.他与家人争吵以后离家去了伦敦他与家人争吵以后离家去了伦敦He was caught trying to flee the country.他试图逃离该国时被抓住了他试图逃离该国时被抓住了15.circumstance n.(常用复数）条件、环境、状况常用复数）条件、环境、状况in/under the circumstan

38、ces在这种情况下；既然如此在这种情况下；既然如此in/under no circumstances决不；无论如何不决不；无论如何不=in no case=in no wayin any circumstances 在任何情况下在任何情况下changing social and political circumstances正在变化的社会和政治环境正在变化的社会和政治环境I know I can trust her in any circumstances.我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。Under the circumstances,it seemed bet

39、ter not to tell him about the accident.在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。She did the job very well in the circumstances.她在那种情况下仍把工作干得很出色。她在那种情况下仍把工作干得很出色。Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.你无论如何都不能借钱给保罗。你无论如何都不能借钱给保罗。1.She made it clear that _ would she cancel the

40、trip.她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。2._,a crash was unavoidable.在那种情况下，撞车是难以避免的。在那种情况下，撞车是难以避免的。3.Racism is wholly unacceptable _.无论在何种情况下，种族主义都是千万要不得的。无论在何种情况下，种族主义都是千万要不得的。under no circumstancesUnder the circumstancesunder any circumstancesto found a club/company创办俱乐部/公司Her family founded t

41、he college in 1895.她的家族于1895年创办了这所学院。The town was founded by English settlers in 1790.这座城镇是英格兰移民于1790年建立的。常用被动态 sth(on sth)to base sth on sth 把基于；把建立在Their marriage was founded on love and mutual respect.他们的婚姻建立在爱情和互相尊重的基础上。1.found vt.创建；建立；把创建；建立；把建立在建立在2.infer vt.推断；推定推断；推定 inferred/inferringMuch

42、of the meaning must be inferred from the context.大部分含意必须从上下文中推断。3.politician 从政者；政治家；政客从政者；政治家；政客political adj.政治的;政党的;对政治有兴趣的politics n.政治;政治事务;政治观点表职业：musician（音乐家）,clinician(临床医生),magician(魔术师)哪国人：Asian（亚洲人），Canadian（加拿大人），Australian（澳大利亚人），Indian印度人）4.patent n.专利专利;专利证书专利证书 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的有专利的；受

43、专利保护的to apply for/obtain a patent on an invention申请/获得发明专利权 Patent Office专利局5.passion n.酷爱；激情酷爱；激情The English have a passion for gardens.英国人酷爱花园。6.extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的不一般的；非凡的;意想不到的意想不到的an extraordinary achievement卓越的成就She was a truly extraordinary woman.她是位非常杰出的女性。Its extraordinary that he ma

44、naged to sleep through the party.真想不到他竟然从聚会开始一直睡到结束。e to power 开始掌权，上台开始掌权，上台教材原句教材原句 when Hitler came to power in Germany要点必记要点必记 adj.powerful 强有力的；有影响力的；健壮的ncome to power(开始)当权 不能接时间段nbe in power 当权，上台 可以接时间段nShe believes that she has the power to solve the problem.n她相信她有能力解决这个问题。8.consequence n.结

45、果；后果结果；后果consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的随之发生的；作为结果的As a consequnce/consequently,he had to flee Germany.结果,他不得不逃离德国。【词块积累】(1)as a consequence因此,结果in consequence因此;结果as a consequence of因此;由于(2)consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的(3)consequently adv.因此;所以【巧学助记】一言识“结果”As a consequence of his illness,he couldnt attend

46、classes.As a consequence/In consequence,he fell behind his classmates.由于生病,他不能上课。结果,他落后于他的同班同学。【即学活用】用consequence的适当形式填空(1)_,end users are unable to modify the installation in any way.(2)As a _ he was a burden to her,something she was forced to look after.Consequentlyconsequence9.take up a position

47、担任；任职担任；任职教材原句教材原句He finally took up a position as a researcher.要点必记要点必记ntake up a competitive sport 从事竞技性运动项目ntake up a new hobby 开始一项新的爱好ntake up too much of your time 占用你太多的时间10.encounter v.遇见；偶然碰到遇见；偶然碰到 =come across教材原句教材原句In fact,Einstein often encountered people on the streetShe was the most

48、remarkable woman he had ever encountered.她是他所见到过的最出色的女性。【词块积累】remark n.注意;言辞vi.谈论remarkably adv.显著地;非常地;引人注目地*Does the writer sum up how he/she feels about this person?作者是否总结了他/她对这个人的感觉?*My meaning,in sum,is that you must stay.简单地说,我的意思就是你必须留下来11.sum up 总结；概括总结；概括【词块积累】sum up总结;概述;计算的总数in sum 总而言之;大

49、体上a large sum of 一大笔;大量的1.physiology:生理学、生理机能生理学、生理机能physicial身体的、物理的身体的、物理的 biology生物学、生理生物学、生理mit vt.承诺、保证承诺、保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入忠于；全心全意投入committed adj.尽心尽的，坚定的，坚信的尽心尽的，坚定的，坚信的 commitment n.承诺；许诺；允诺承担；保证承诺；许诺；允诺承担；保证;献身，奉献，投入献身，奉献，投入3.academy n.研究院、学会、专科院校研究院、学会、专科院校academic adj.学业的、学术的学业的、学术的4.objectiv

50、e n.目标、目的目标、目的 adj.客观的客观的object n.物体；物品；东西物体；物品；东西 ;目的；目标目的；目标 vi.不同意；不赞成；反对不同意；不赞成；反对objection n.反对的理由；反对；异议反对的理由；反对；异议5.botanical adj.植物学的植物学的botany n.植物学植物学6.scientific adj.科学上的、关于科学的科学上的、关于科学的science n.科学、技术科学、技术 scientist 科学家科学家7.conclusion n.结论、推论结论、推论conclude v.断定；推断出；得出结论断定；推断出；得出结论；使）结束，终止；