译林牛津版英语八年级下册 Unit 7 教学课件 Grammar.ppt（纯ppt,不包含音视频素材）

1、GrammarWe use it to type.It is used to type.What do we use it to do?What do we use a printer to do?We use a printer to put the words and pictures onto paper.A printer is used to put the words and pictures onto paper.More money is needed for charity.The plane is also used as a training centre.Local d

2、octors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations.150 patients were operated on.More money is needed to carry on with our work.Read the sentences below.被动语态被动语态 被动语态的谓语部分由被动语态的谓语部分由“be+动词动词过去分词过去分词”构成，其中，句子的时态由构成，其中，句子的时态由be的时态体现。在含被动语态的句子中，的时态体现。在含被动语态的句子中，主语是动作的承受者，如果要说明动作主语是动作的

3、承受者，如果要说明动作的执行者，用介词的执行者，用介词by引出，引出，by短语通常短语通常省略。省略。被动语态的用法：被动语态的用法：(1)要表达要表达“被被、受、受、遭、遭、让、让”之类的语义。之类的语义。如如:教师很受尊敬。教师很受尊敬。Teachers are well respected.(2)强调动作承受者。强调动作承受者。如：如：他远近闻名。他远近闻名。He is known far and wide.(3)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。如：不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。如：房子每天都有人打扫。房子每天都有人打扫。The room is cleaned every day.

4、结构结构一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are+动词的过动词的过去分词去分词一般过去时一般过去时was/were+动词的过去动词的过去分词分词被动语态可用于多种时态中，以表示动作被动语态可用于多种时态中，以表示动作发生的时间不同。让我们看看被动语态的发生的时间不同。让我们看看被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时的结构形式：一般现在时和一般过去时的结构形式：English is used everywhere.到处都在说英语。到处都在说英语。The small girl was taken to the hospital by her parents.这个小女孩由她的父母带到医院。这个小女孩由她的父

5、母带到医院。1.The cake was eaten by Daniel.2.The book was taken by Nancy.3.The little dog is looked after very well by Simon.4.His house was sold by his son.5.The computer is bought by my uncle.6.I am woken up by my father every morning.Underline the passive voice in thefollowing sentences.主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语

6、态和被动语态的转换主主:被被:IlearnEnglishEnglishis learnedme+by All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.含有含有双宾语双宾语的主动句改为被动句时，应将其的主动句改为被动句时，应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语，另一个宾中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语，另一个宾语仍保留在原处。一种情况是把间接宾语语仍保留在原处。一种情况是把间接

7、宾语(指指人人)变为主语，直接宾语变为主语，直接宾语(指物指物)不变；另一种不变；另一种情况是把直接宾语情况是把直接宾语(指物指物)变为主语，间接宾变为主语，间接宾语语(指人指人)不变，这时不变，这时,间接宾语前通常加介词间接宾语前通常加介词to，有时加，有时加for。例如：。例如：My father gave me a new book on my birthday.I was given a new book(by my father)on my birthday.(间接宾语作了主语间接宾语作了主语)A new book was given to me(by my father)on my

8、 birthday.(直接宾语作了主语直接宾语作了主语)Change the active voice into the passive voice.1.Millie painted this picture.2.He sells coke in a small shop.3.People grow rice in China.4.He wrote the letter last night.5.Tom took many beautiful photos.This picture was painted by Millie.Coke is sold in a small shop.Rice

9、is grown in China.The letter was written last night.Many beautiful photos were taken by Tom.6.We often sing this song._7.He broke his leg in the match._8.We call him Lao Wang._9.He gave me some old magazines._This song is often sung.His leg was broken in the match.He is called Lao Wang.I was given s

10、ome old magazines.Some old magazines were given to me.被动语态的句型：被动语态的句型：肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+be+过去分词过去分词(+by)否定句：主语否定句：主语+be not+过去分词过去分词(+by)一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词(+by)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be+主语主语+过去分过去分词词(+by)The hill is very beautiful.Do you climb it every day?_it _(climb)by the boy every day?Is cl

11、imbedMost of us like watching TV.But TV _(not watch)too much now.isnt watchedIts good for us to play basketball.Do you play it as often as possible?_ it_(play)by your English teacher yesterday?WasplayedVegetables are very important for our health._they _(eat)by you every day?AreeatenThe computer is

12、very popular now._ it _(use)all over the world now?Is usedChoose the best answers.()1.The Olympic Games _ every four years.A.are held B.were held C.are holding D.will hold ()2.In the art show,a lot of enjoyment _ to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings.A.is giving B.is given C.will give D.has gi

13、ven AB()3.Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular.It _ in.many schools around the world.A.teaches B.is teaching C.has taught D.is taught()4.Do you often clean your classroom?Yes.Our classroom _every day.A.clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.will cleanDC句型转换。句型转换。1.We call the girl Lucy.(改为被动语态的一般改

14、为被动语态的一般 疑问句疑问句)_ the girl _ Lucy by you?2.The boy is looked after by his grandparents.(改为否定句改为否定句)The boy _ _after by his grandparents.3.English and Japanese are spoken in Japan.(就画线部分提问就画线部分提问)_ _ are spoken in Japan?Iscalledisnt lookedWhatlanguages4.The teacher makes his students carry water.(改为被

15、动语态改为被动语态)His students _ made _ carry water by the teacher.5.He plants many trees every year.(改为被动改为被动 语态语态)Many trees _ planted by _ every year.aretoarehim真题解析真题解析The novel _ by many people today.（2015天津）天津）A.is read B.are read C.reads D.were readADont smoke here,Dad.Smoking _ in public places.Oh,s

16、orry.Ill stop right now.（2015福州）福州）A.isnt allowedB.arent allowedC.doesnt allowA(2013陕西陕西)The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _.A.invents B.invented C.is invented D.was invented【解析解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从手考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从手机发明后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。机发明后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。根据句意判断用一般过去时，手机与动词根据

17、句意判断用一般过去时，手机与动词invent在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。时的被动语态。D(2013广西南宁广西南宁)Han Hans books are popular.They _ by many teenagers.A.is read B.was read C.are read D.were read【解析解析】考查动词的语态。由上句可知韩寒的考查动词的语态。由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语they是复数是复数形式，故答案选形式，故答案选C项。项。C(2013湖北孝感湖北孝感)Many tre

18、es _ on the streets every years.So the air is very fresh now.A.plant B.are planted C.planted D.were planted【解析解析】考查被动语态的用法。根据考查被动语态的用法。根据“every years”得知用一般现在时态。主语是得知用一般现在时态。主语是Many trees故用一般现在时态的被动语态，因此选故用一般现在时态的被动语态，因此选B。B(2013江苏泰州江苏泰州)“Frog”,Mo Yans latest novel,please!Sorry,it _ just now.But it w

19、ill come out again soon.A.sold out B.is sold out C.has sold out D.was sold out【解析解析】考查动词的语态。答句意为考查动词的语态。答句意为“刚刚被刚刚被卖完卖完”，因此用被动语，因此用被动语，sell out卖完，卖光，卖完，卖光，又由句中的时间状语又由句中的时间状语just now知，用一般过去知，用一般过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案时态的被动语态，所以选择答案D。D(2013浙江台州浙江台州)You bought a new car!An American car?No.A Chinese car.It _ in Taizhou.A.makes B.made C.was made D.will be made【解析解析】考查被动语态的用法。答句中的考查被动语态的用法。答句中的it指指的是的是“新车新车”，显然是后面的谓语动词，显然是后面的谓语动词make的作用对象，所以要使用被动语态，而且的作用对象，所以要使用被动语态，而且“这这辆车辆车”是已经生产过的，因此是使用过去时态是已经生产过的，因此是使用过去时态的被动语态。所以选择的被动语态。所以选择C答案。答案。C