牛津英语八年级下册8B Unit4Grammar课件.ppt（纯ppt,不包含音视频素材）

1、1.当我们的船撞到岩石损坏之后，我奋力前游。当我们的船撞到岩石损坏之后，我奋力前游。2.当我最终感到大地在我脚下的时候，我筋疲当我最终感到大地在我脚下的时候，我筋疲力尽了。力尽了。3.我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。After our ship crashed against the rocks,I swam as far as I could.By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.My arms,legs and hair were tied to the gro

2、und.4.他只有我的小手指那么大。他只有我的小手指那么大。5.这噪音使他们都摔倒了。这噪音使他们都摔倒了。6.他们继续在我的身上走来走去。他们继续在我的身上走来走去。7.我也不知道说什么。我也不知道说什么。He was the same size as my little finger.The noise made them all fall over.They continued moving across my body.I did not know what to say either.8.我试着挣脱一只手，最后终于弄断了绳索。我试着挣脱一只手，最后终于弄断了绳索。9.我向下看，看到一

3、群小人儿。我向下看，看到一群小人儿。10.他发现自己不能动了。他发现自己不能动了。I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes.I looked down and saw a huge army of tiny people.He found himself unable to move.hand v.交；递，给交；递，给hand in 上交，递交上交，递交你应该按时上交作业。你应该按时上交作业。You should hand in your homework on time.on time 准时，按时

4、准时，按时return v.归还归还return the book to the libraryreturn the library the book=give backreturn v.返回返回return homereturn to schoolcome backcome back homecome back to schoolgive the book back to the libraryreturn sb.sth.=return sth.to sb.give sth.back to sb.renew v.续借；更新续借；更新renew the book renew the book

5、onlinerenewedreview n.评论评论看关于这本书的一些评论看关于这本书的一些评论read some reviews about the book1.hand v.交；递，给交；递，给2.hand in 上交，递交上交，递交3.on time 准时，按时准时，按时4.return v.归还归还 return sb.sth.=return sth.to sb.5.renew v.续借；更新续借；更新6.review n.评论评论 reviews7.and so on 等等等等One of these small men began talking to me,but I could

6、 not understand him.I did not know what to say either.I did not know how to get away.question words+to-infinitives 疑问词疑问词 +to do 不定式不定式Andy doesnt know _.what to wearwearMillie cant decide _.which book to buybuyThey dont know _ to the station.how to gogoHe wants to know _ on Sundays.when to get upge

7、t upWe can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb.Millie has decided what to read.Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.Simon forgot when to meet his friends.Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.Amy does not know how to write t

8、he report.All question words can be used in this way,except why.Suzy will explain why to recommend this book.Suzy will explain why she recommend this book.We can use a verb+object before a question word with a to-infinitive.advise,ask,decide,discuss find out,forget,know,learn remember,say,show,teach

9、 think,understand,wonder疑问词疑问词+动词不定式做动词的宾语动词不定式做动词的宾语。疑。疑问词也包括问词也包括疑问代词疑问代词what,which,who和和疑问副词疑问副词how,when,where。常和此结。常和此结构连用的动词及动词短语有：构连用的动词及动词短语有：know,learn,see,hear,ask,tell,decide,explain,find out,forget,remember,understand 等。等。注意：所有疑问词中，只有注意：所有疑问词中，只有why 不可以与动词不定式连用。不可以与动词不定式连用。我不知道接下来该说什么。我不知

10、道接下来该说什么。I dont know what to say next.我不能决定该拿哪一个。我不能决定该拿哪一个。I cant decide which to take.1.动词动词+疑问词疑问词+to do不定式不定式Mr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.Millie showed us what to do next.Daniel taught himself how to use a

11、 computer to draw.Dont forget to tell your mum where to meet you.有些动词，如有些动词，如advice,ask,show,teach,tell 等等，其后可以接双宾语。，其后可以接双宾语。请告诉我怎样到哪儿。请告诉我怎样到哪儿。Please tell me how to go there.桑迪给米莉演示了如何开始这个在线旅游。桑迪给米莉演示了如何开始这个在线旅游。Sandy showed Millie how to start the online tour.2.动词动词+宾语宾语+疑问词疑问词+to do不定式不定式We can

12、 use a noun after what,which,whose,how many and how much.They are discussing which color to paint the walls.You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.有些疑问词，如有些疑问词，如what,which,whose,how many,how much等等，其后可以先接，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。一个名词，再接动词不定式。她不知道该选几门学科。她不知道该选几门学科。She wondered how many s

13、ubjects to choose.3.疑问词疑问词+名词名词+to do不定式不定式We can also use an adjective like sure or clear before a question word.Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow?在在“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构前，有结构前，有时也可以是如时也可以是如sure,clear 等等的形容词。的形容词。我不确定走哪条路。我不确定走哪条路。Im not sure whic

14、h way to take.4.形容词形容词+疑问词疑问词+to do不定式不定式5.“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构在句子中还结构在句子中还 可以可以做主语做主语和和表语表语。如何处理这个问题对我们来说是最重要的。如何处理这个问题对我们来说是最重要的。How to deal with the problem is the most important to us.问题是何时离开这个地方。问题是何时离开这个地方。The problem is when to leave the place.我不知道该做什么。我不知道该做什么。I dont know what to do.=I do n

15、ot know what I should do.6.“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构可以结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。1.Gulliver didnt know where he could find other people.Gulliver didnt know _ _ _ other people.2.Gulliver wondered who he could ask for help.Gulliver wondered _ _ _ _ help.3.Gulliver did not know how he could break the

16、ropes.Gulliver did not know _ _ _ the ropes.where tofindwho to askforhow tobreak4.Gulliver found out what he could do with the tiny man.Gulliver found out _ _ _ _ the tiny man.5.Gulliver decided when he should leave Lilliput.Gulliver decided _ _ _ Lilliput.what to dowithwhen to leaveAmy and Daniel a

17、re talking about their Reading Week.Complete their conversation.Use the correct question words and to-infinitives.Amy:Mr.Wu has recommended so many interesting books.Have you decided(1)_ first,Daniel?Daniel:Yes.I want to read Black Beauty first.But I dont know(2)_ the book.how,what,ask for,findwhen,

18、where,hand in,readwhich,who,speak,travel,write about which to readwhere to findAmy:You can try our school library or Sunshine Library.Oh,did you know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days?He wants to find out(3)_ around the world in such a short time.Daniel:Wow,thats amazing!By the way,ca

19、n you tell me(4)_ our book report?how to travelwhen to hand inAmy:Before next Friday.Im still not sure (5)_ in the report.Daniel:You can write anything about your book what the book is about,what you think of it and so on.You should read some reviews about the book before writing.what to write about

20、Amy:Thank you.Anyway,I know(6)_ help with writing.Mr.Wu is always there to help us.who to ask for一、完成下列句子。一、完成下列句子。1.I dont know _ (在会上说什么在会上说什么).2.Can you tell me _ (在哪里能买到这本书在哪里能买到这本书)?3._ (在何时何地召开这会议在何时何地召开这会议)hasnt been decided yet.what to say at the meetingwhere to buy this bookWhen and where t

21、o hold the meeting1.When I go into the clothes shop,I always cant decide _ one to buy.2.My grandfather doesnt know _ to use a computer.3.-Will you please show me _ to drive a car?-Yes,of course.Now let me tell you _ to do first.4.I will tell Lucy _ and _ to meet.whichhow howwhatwhenwhere二、用二、用how,wh

22、ich,what,when,where填空。填空。1.I want to know how I can solve the problem.I want to know how_2.I cant decide when I should do homework and when I can spend time on hobbies.I cant decide _and _3.Please tell me where we will meet.Please tell me _.将下列句子变为同义句：将下列句子变为同义句：to solve the problem.when to do homew

23、orkwhen to spend time on hobbies.where to meet.5.She hasnt told me what I should do and what I should not do.She hasnt told me _ and what _.6.Have you decided which dress you will take?Have you decided _ dress _?将下列句子变为同义句：将下列句子变为同义句：what to donot to dowhichto take将下列句子变为同义句：将下列句子变为同义句：7.The old lad

24、y found out where she could buy fruit cheaply.The old lady found out _ fruit cheaply.where to buy 8.Will you show us how we can make a model plane?Will you show us _ a model plane?how to make汉译英汉译英1.我不知道下一步该做什么。我不知道下一步该做什么。2.Simon问我们怎样得高分。问我们怎样得高分。3.Jim还没有决定向谁请求建议。还没有决定向谁请求建议。4.他们忘了应当什么时间交作业。他们忘了应当什

25、么时间交作业。I dont know what to do next.Simon asked us how to get high marks.Jim hasnt decided who to ask for advice.They forgot when to hand in the homework.一、用一、用what,when,which,where,how,who填空填空1.I dont know_ to talk to and _ to get help when Im in trouble.2.Kitty is the top student in her class but s

26、he doesnt know _ to make friends.3.Helen cant decide_ to do first when she gets a lot of things to do.4.Mary always doesnt know _to say in public.5.Daniel cant decide _ to do his homework and _ to play football.whowherehowwhichwhatwhenwhen 二、同义句二、同义句1.Tom cant decide when he can play and when he sho

27、uld study.=Tom cant decide _ _ _ and _ _ _.2.Many students asked the teacher how they could solve the problem.=Many students asked the teacher _ _ _ the problem.when to playwhen to studyhow to solve3.Can you tell us who we should talk to and where we can get help?=Can you tell us _ _ _ _ and_ _ _ _?

28、4.I really dont know which sweater I should choose.=I really dont know _ _ _ _.5.Im not sure when I can leave for Beijing.=Im not sure _ _ _ for Beijing.who to talk towhere to get helpwhich sweater tochoosewhen to leave 三、完成句子三、完成句子1.Do you know _ _(如何解出这个数学问题如何解出这个数学问题)？2.Tom doesnt know _ (和谁玩和谁玩)

29、.3.I forget _.(下一步该做什么下一步该做什么).4.Please tell me _(何时开运动会何时开运动会).how to work out the mathswho to play withwhat to do nextproblemwhen to hold the sportsmeeting2022-12-1We must return the book on time.We must leave the library before it is closed.must domust not domust not domust not=mustntWe must not

30、take our pets into it.We must not take away the books without borrowing process.2022-12-1Nick _ finish his homework now.2022-12-1We have to bring our library card.We have to renew the book.have to dohave to dodo not have to dodo not have to doWe dont have to bring our ID card.We dont have to go ther

31、e on Wednesday.Renew2022-12-1have tohave to dododo not have to=dont have todoesnt have to,didnt have to,wont have to,havent got todifferent forms:has to,had to,will have to,have got todo not have todo not have to dodoWe use must and have to to say that it is necessary to do something.“I must run awa

32、y from them,”he thought.We use must when the speaker feels that something is necessary.We use must not to say that something is not allowed.You must not smoke in the library.We use have to when the situation makes something necessary.I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.She has to take

33、her daughter from school in the afternoon.We use do not have to to say that it is not necessary to do something.We do not have to go to school at weekends.must 表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要必须，得，要”。你今天必须完成家庭作业。你今天必须完成家庭作业。You must finish your homework today.must 的否定形式的否定形式must n

34、ot表示禁止，表示禁止，“不能，不行不能，不行”。你不能在这里抽烟。你不能在这里抽烟。You must not smoke here.have to 表一种客观的需要，表一种客观的需要，“不得不不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。有人称和数的变化。天快黑了，他现在得回家了。天快黑了，他现在得回家了。It is getting dark.He has to go home now.have to 的否定形式的否定形式do not have to,相当于相当于need not。他们目前没有必要买电脑。他们目前没有必要买电脑。They do not have to buy a compute

35、r at the moment.他不必走。他不必走。He does not have to go.注意：注意：must 还可以表示肯定猜测，意思还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是是“一定一定”。否定的猜测是。否定的猜测是cant。走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。You must be hungry after all that walking.那肯定不是那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。，她已经去了美国。That cant be Lucy.She has gone to America.Amy is telling her cousin Shirley some libr

36、ary rules.Complete what she says with must,must not,have to or dont have to.P56 You(1)_ keep quiet in the library.You(2)_ keep the books clean and tidy.You(3)_ draw or write on the books.mustmustmustntYou(4)_ eat or drink in the library.You(5)_ return the books on time.If you want to keep them longe

37、r,you(6)_ renew them.You(7)_ bring your student card every time you go to the library,but remember to bring your library card.mustntmusthave todo not have to1.Someone has put away(收拾，整理收拾，整理)the books.You _do it.A.mustnt B.neednt C.shouldnt D.cant2.Its the library.So you _ know shouting is not allow

38、ed here.A.can B.must C.need D.may3.Can we discuss here?No,you _.You will disturb other people.A.mustnt B.wont C.dont D.needntHave a try4.Li Ping left his homework at home,so he _ return home for it.A.can B.must C.has to D.had to5.Its the library!You _ shout here.A.may not B.dont have to C.could not

39、D.must not6.We _ stop when the traffic light turns red.A.may B.must C.have to D.can7.You _ speak loudly in the library.A.neednt B.must C.has to D.mustnt8.That man in the room _ be Mr.Li.I saw him in the playground.A.cant B.mustnt C.must D.may9.-Mr.Xu,must we hand in our reports today?-No,you_.A.must

40、nt B.cant C.shouldnt D.dont have to1.我必须努力学习功课。我必须努力学习功课。2.我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。3.我们不必等他。他已经走了。我们不必等他。他已经走了。4.这里禁止游泳。这里禁止游泳。More examplesI must work hard at my lessons.I have to look after mother at home.Because she is ill.We dont have to wait for him.He has left.You mustnt swim here.1.sail

41、 v.航行航行 sail the sea航海航海2.hidden adj.隐藏的隐藏的 hidden treasure (v.hide-hid-hidden)3.experience n.经历经历(可数可数)，经验，经验(不可数不可数)4.confidence n.信心（信心（不可数不可数）e.g.Miss Yu has much experience in teaching and she often tells us her interesting experiences in Canada.Teaching aims:1.了解一些常见的连接词在文章中了解一些常见的连接词在文章中 的作用。

42、的作用。2.学会在篇章中恰当使用连接词。学会在篇章中恰当使用连接词。Transitions between ideasRead the table on P59.Read Gullivers Travels again,and find out the transitions.表示时间表示时间的连接词的连接词表示顺序表示顺序的连接词的连接词表示递进表示递进的连接词的连接词表示转折表示转折的连接词的连接词after,by the time,as,soon,whenthenand,eitherbut,howeverPractice P59 Read Sandys article and under

43、line the transitions.because 表示原因表示原因for example 表示举例表示举例after 和和 when 表示时间表示时间And,also 和和moreover 表示递进表示递进补充练习补充练习课课练课课练P42用适当的连接词完成下列句子：用适当的连接词完成下列句子：1.He checked the weather report _ he went out.2.Most girls like reading novels_ most of boys like reading science fictions.3.She has worked for seven hours,_,she was tired out.4.Too many cars have caused a lot of problems,_,people cant find enough parking spaces.5.She saw a man behind her._，he was watching her strangely.beforewhileas a resultfor examplemoreoverRemember the grammar in this lesson.