微观经济学&-市场结构课件.ppt

1、Y$/output unitMarket SupplyMarket Demandpepep”pMarket DemandAt a price of p,zero is demanded from the firmAt a price of p”the firm faces the entire market demand.The individual firms technology causes it always to supply only a small part of the total quantity demanded at the market price.$/output u

2、nityFirms MCFirms demand curvepe（1）ys*0:)()(max0ycpyyssy ()()()()().*idydypMCyiidydyat yyssss 0022(y)yys*pypeyp=MC and MC slopes upwards.MCs(y)y1（2）ys*=0:max()().yssypycy 0 dydypMCyat yysss ()().*00(y)yys*=0Fys )(此时：此时：svypyFcyF()().pycyv ()0pcyyAVCyvs ()().ACs(y)AVCs(y)MCs(y)p AVCs(y)ys*=0.The firm

3、s short-runsupply curve$/output unityp AVCs(y)ys*0.xpp*x：FCycpyv )(y$/output unitAVCs(y)ACs(y)MCs(y)pPSy*(p)P1 PS ppMCz d zpypMCz d zpypcypsypsypv()()()*()()()*()*().*()*()00FCycpyv )()().ypyc y )()(max0ycpyyy )(yMCp 0)(dyydMCand()()()().ypyc ypc yyAC y 0LMC(y)LAC(y)y$/output unitThe firms long-runs

4、upply curvey$/output unitSACs(y)LAC(y)SMCs(y)LMC(y)pys*y*s niipSpS1)()()(pSipS(p)p”S1(p”)+S2(p”)Industrys SupplypS1(p)pS2(p)p”S1(p”)S2(p”)Firm 2s SupplyFirm 1s SupplypseYseYy1y2y3ACsACsACsMCsMCsMCsy1*y2*y3*pseFirm 1Firm 2Firm 3 1 1 0 2 2 0S3(p)p2AC(y)MC(y)yppYp2y2*p3y3*p3 0S3(p)AC(y)MC(y)ppp3y3*p3S4(p)p4y4*p4