管理经济学(英文)Ch01-Managers-and-Economics课件.ppt
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- 管理 经济学 英文 Ch01 Managers and Economics 课件
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1、1.1 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Economics for Managersby Paul FarnhamChapter 1:Managers and Economics1.2 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Two Perspectives of EconomicsMicroeconomicsAnalyzes the decisions that individual consumers,firms,and industries make as they operate in a market economyMacroeconomicsFocuses on
2、 the overall level of economic activity,changes in price level,and amount of unemployment 1.3 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Important DefinitionsManagerial economicsWhen microeconomics is applied to business decision makingPriceAmount of money charged for different goods and services in a market economy1.4
3、 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Important DefinitionsOutputProducts sold by a firmInputResources such as land,labor,capital,raw materials,and entrepreneurship1.5 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Microeconomic Influences on ManagersRelative pricesThe price of one good in relation to the price of another similar goodMa
4、rketsThe institutions and mechanisms used for the buying and selling of goods and services1.6 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Major Types of MarketsPerfect competitionMonopolistic competitionOligopolyMonopolyMany firmsOne firm1.7 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Characteristics of Markets1.Number of firms competing wi
5、th one another2.Whether products sold are differentiated or undifferentiated3.Whether entry into the market is easy or difficult4.Amount of information available to market participants1.8 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Perfect CompetitionCharacteristicsA large number of firms in the marketUndifferentiated p
6、roductEase of entry into the marketComplete information available to all market participants1.9 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Perfect Competition:Assumption 1Behavior of an individual firm is distinguished from the outcomes for the entire market or industryPrice-takerA firm cannot influence the price of it
7、s product and therefore can sell any amount of output at that price1.10 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Perfect Competition:Assumption 2No product differentiationConsumers do not care about the identity of a specific supplierPurchase is based largely on price of the product1.11 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Perfect
8、 Competition:Assumption 3Entry into the market is costlessIf a perfectly competitive firm is making a profit,other firms will enter the industry to attempt to earn profits also1.12 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.Perfect Competition:Assumption 4Complete information is available to all market participantsPerf
9、ectly competitive firms have no market power to influence the prices of its products and develop competitive strategies1.13 2005 Prentice Hall,Inc.MonopolySingle firm produces a product for which there are no close substitutesBarriers to entry exist to keep competitors from entering the market1.14 2
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