大学精品课件：常见词根词缀整理.ppt

1、常见词根词缀整理,1：常见的名词后缀 （1）表示“人和物” -an American historian -ian Italian Canadian politician -ant assistant accountant participant -ent student president resident -ee employee trainee -er writer speaker waiter -or actor conductor sailor -ess waitress hostess actress -ist socialist novelist scientist dentis

2、t,（2）表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象名词,-ability suitability probability -ibility possibility responsibility -age marriage shortage carriage -al arrival refusal revival survival -ance acceptance importance distance ignorance -ence dependence existence difference conference -dom freedom wisdom seldom -ery slavery

3、bravery discovery mastery robbery -hood childhood adulthood neighborhood -ion question construction election conduction -ition composition competition -ation modernization civilization alteration -ism pessimism optimism socialism Marxism -ment movement government encouragement -ness kindness careles

4、sness -ship friendship leadership relationship -ure exposure failure measure leisure pleasure,2：常见的动词后缀,(1)表示“使（成为）” “使化” -ate circulate decorate regulate alternate -en strengthen weaken broaden widen lighten -ify classify simplify specify qualify certify -ize realize organize criticize recognize -i

5、sh astonish cherish establish finish punish polish vanish accomplish abolish,3：常见形容词后缀,（1）表示“具有性质的” -al national cultural natural -an American republican -ian Italian Canadian Christian -ant pleasant resistant distant constant -ent different confident excellent -ary necessary imaginary customary -or

6、y compulsory contradictory -ate considerate fortunate -ese Chinese Taiwanese Cantonese -ic heroic poetic economic -some troublesome handsome quarrelsome,(2)表示“充满或缺乏” -free duty-free care-free worry-free -ful hopeful useful wonderful helpful -less hopeless useless needless -(i)ous dangerous various a

7、nxious serious -y rainy cloudy dirty hairy trendy fishy,（3）表示“类似”,-ish childish stylish greenish -like childlike businesslike -ly brotherly friendly deadly deathly,(4)表示“主、被动意义 -able comfortable lovable capable believable portable disable -ible responsible sensible visible -ive active positive negat

8、ive passive decisive extensive expensive,(5)表示“方向” -ward downward backward forward westward eastward upward,4: 常见的副词后缀,-ly strongly successfully quickly angrily slowly -ward(s) downwards eastwards -wise clockwise likewise otherwise,常见的前缀,1：表示“否定或逆转” de- defeat defend define deform dis- disappear dis

9、agree disorder disgust in- incorrect inactive incapable inaccurate inconsiderate il- illegal illogical illiberal im- impossible immature imperfect impatient ir- irregular irrelevant irresponsible mis- misuse mislead misunderstanding non- non-stop nonsense non-violence un- unhappy unlucky unpleasant,

10、2：表示“时间顺序”,ex- ex-president ex-wife ex-husband fore- foretell forehead foresee forecast mid- middle midfield midnight midterm post- post-war postgraduate postpone pre- prepare prepay premature predict re- recall repair rebuild rewrite reconstruct,3:表示“方向或位置”,ex- export exclude expel exert in- invade

11、 include indicate indoor infect im- import immigrate imitate impact impair impel inter- international interactive interchange sub- subway subsequent substandard subtitle tele- telephone telescope telecommunication trans- transparent transport transplant translate,4:表示“程度、大小或差别”,macro- macroeconomics

12、 micro- microscope Microsoft micro-oven mini- minibus miniskirt minimum over- overwork overuse overhear super- supermarket superpower superb superstar under- underdeveloped underestimate underline undermine vice- vice-president vice-principal,5：表示“数量”,bi- bicycle bimonthly bilingual bilateral kilo-

13、kilometer kilogram kilohertz kilowatt mono- monolingual monologue monopoly multi- multiple multimedia multifunctional multinational semi- semifinal semiconductor semiconscious tri- triangle tricycle triple trilateral uni- unicycle unique universal uniform unilateral,6：变换词类的前缀,be- befriend belittle b

14、ehead en- enable endanger enjoy enlarge endear encourage enrich ensure enforce em- embrace employ embitter embody embezzle,了解一些常见的词根,1: audi =hear audience auditorium audible audition 2: ced (cess)=go precede proceed process successor successive recede exceed excess 3: cept =take except exception ex

15、ceptional accept acceptance acceptable intercept reception deception concept conception receptive 4: circ =ring circle encircle semicircle circular circulate circulation circumstance,5: clud (clus) =close,shut exclude exclusive include inclusive conclude conclusion seclude secluded (decide ,decisive

16、 , decision) 6: cord =heart record recorder concord concordant accord accordant discord discordant 7: cred =believe, trust credit credible discredit incredible credulous incredulous 8: cur (curs, cour) =run occur occurrence current currency course concur recurrent recur,9: dict (dic) =say contradict

17、 dictate predict prediction indicate indication dictionary 10: duc (duct) =lead educate introduce introduction conduct product reduce reduction deduce 11: fer =bring, carry conference confer differ different offer prefer preferable transfer defer 12: fus = pour refuse refusal confuse confusion trans

18、fuse transfusion 13: ject =throw project inject reject rejection interject subject subjective object objective abject adjective eject,14: log =speak dialogue dialog apology apologize monologue logic 15: medi = middle immediate immediately medium multimedia intermediate medieval Mediterranean medicin

19、e 16: memor = memory memory memorize memo memorable memorial commemorate remember misremember 17: mini =small, little minimum minimize diminish minus minor miniskirt minority 18: miss (mit) =send missile dismiss emit promise compromise commit submit 19: mot =move motion motive motivate promote promo

20、tion demote remote 20: pel =push, drive propel expel repel repulsion repulsive dispel compel impel,21: pend (pens) =hang depend dependent independent suspend suspense suspension append depend dependable 22: port =carry portable porter import export transport transportation report support supportive

21、sport 23: pos =put expose compose composition composer propose proposal oppose opposite dispose disposal pose position purpose deposit 24: rupt =break rupture interrupt interruption disrupt bankrupt corrupt erupt eruption 25: sent (sens) =feel sense sensation sentimental consent consensus resent sen

22、sible sensitive nonsense assent sentence,26: sist = stand resist resistant consist consistent assist assistant exist existent insist insistent persist persistent 27: spect (spec) =look spectacle prospect inspect expect respect suspect suspicious spectator special specify specific speculate 28: tain

23、(ten, tin) =hold contain obtain sustain maintain continue continual continuous attain mountain fountain Britain curtain certain 29: tend (tens, tent) = stretch extend extension extensive (extended family) extent ( reading) attend attendant attention attentive content contest contestant (participant)

24、 tend tent tension tense pretend intend intensive ( reading) 30: tract =draw tractor attract attractive contract abstract ( concrete ) extract subtract distract distraction distracted distracting,31: ven =come invent invention prevent prevention conventional event eventual 32: vert (vers) = turn advertise anniversary divert diverse diversify diversity revert reverse introvert extrovert convert versatile controversial invert avert 33: vis (vid) =see vision visible visit advise advisable revise supervise visa evident evidence provide video,