中考专项总复习课件：构词法.ppt

1、1.When are you going to write about environmental education?2.If we dont,the future is hopeless.3.Its wasteful to throw away paper and metal.3.Reuse means“use again”.4.Every class collects reusable waste.英语构词法英语构词法 Words BuildingGeneral introductionClassify wordsCompounding(有两个或更多的词合有两个或更多的词合成一个词成一个

2、词)Derivation(在词根上加上前、在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词后缀构成另外一个词)prefixsuffixConversion(将一种词性转化成另将一种词性转化成另一种词性一种词性)Classify:classroom freedom darkest place invitation lock everyday riverside loneliestupstairs hopeful careless clean walk合成词合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词有两个或更多的词合成一个词):派生词派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):转化词

3、转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性将一种词性转化成另一种词性):classroom everyday riverside upstairs freedom darkest invitation loneliest hopeful carelessplace lock clean walk合成(Compounding)有两个或更多的词有两个或更多的词合成一个词合成一个词名词名词+名词名词名词名词 basket(篮子)+ball(球)basketball篮球 book(书)+shop(商店)bookshop书店 book(书)+store(商店)bookstore书店 house(房子)+work

4、(劳动)housework家务 home(家庭)+work(工作)homework家作 形容词形容词+名词名词名词名词 black(黑色的)+board(木板)blackboard黑板 English(英国的)+man(人)Englishman英国人 loud(大声的)+speaker(说话者)loudspeaker扬声器 介词介词+名词名词名词名词(或形容词或形容词)after(在后)+noon(正午)afternoon下午 under(在下面)+ground(地面)underground地下的名词+过去分词形容词 man(人)+made(做)man-made人造的 副词副词+名词名词介词介

5、词in(里面)+side(边)inside在内down(在下)+stairs(楼梯)downstairs在楼下 名词（形容词）名词（形容词）+名词名词+ed(ing)形容词形容词middle(中间的)+aged(年龄)middle-agedkind(善良的)+hearted(心)kind-heartedhard(努力的)+working（工作）hard-working加前缀：加前缀：happy-happy-unhappyhappy 加后缀：加后缀：enjoy-enjoy-enjoy enjoyableable既加前缀又加后缀：既加前缀又加后缀：health-health-ununhealthh

6、ealthy y派生法（派生法（DerivationDerivation）-词缀词缀法法1.1.前缀前缀:Re-rewrite,return,reuse(重新)dis-（不不）disagree,dislike,disappearen-（使可能）enable enrichtele-(远程）远程）television telephonesupermarket,supermansuper-（超级）（超级）in/im/il-（不）（不）incorrect impossible irregularun-（不）（不）unable unhappy unpopularmis-（错误的）（错误的）mistake

7、 misunderstandnon-(不，非不，非)non-smoker non-swimmer常见的后缀常见的后缀1.1.名词后缀名词后缀 ：-er-or-tion-ment-nessteacher,workervisitor,actor education,pollutiondevelopment,movementillness,happiness,coldnesskindness-ity-ist-th-hood-ion-ing名词后缀名词后缀 ：ability,possibility pianist,artist truth,warmthchildhood,neighbourhood a

8、ction,solution,educationbuilding,painting,shopping常见的后缀常见的后缀2.2.形容词后缀形容词后缀-ous-ful-able-ive-ydangerous,humoroushelpful,carefulcomfortable,enjoyable expensive,active sunny windy-ern-en-(a)n-ly-less-aleastern southern golden wooden American Australianfriendly lovely careless homelessnatural nationaled

9、ucational 教育的3.副词性的词缀：副词性的词缀：-lyquickly,softly,yearly 派生方法：派生方法：由一个词根可以派生出很多名词，形容词，副词由一个词根可以派生出很多名词，形容词，副词等等eg：interest-interesting-interested-unterestinghelp-helpful-helpless-helpfully-helplessly转化法（转化法（Conversion）tasten.味道v.尝起来It has a good taste.It tastes very good.record n.记录记录v.记录记录He broke the

10、 record.He likes to record something while reading a book.water，break，watch，boat，cook ,open；clean,light;orange；play,colourWhat are the meanings of theseWords?直击中考直击中考题型：题型：1、单项选择、单项选择2、单词分类、单词分类3、用词的正确形式填空用词的正确形式填空4、完形填空完形填空5、短文填空、短文填空1、单项选择、单项选择（南宁南宁08中考）中考）37We believe that we can hold the Beijing

11、 2008 Olympic Games _ ASuccessful Bsuccessfully Csuccess Dsucceed2、单词分类、单词分类（南宁南宁08中考）中考）Acalling Boften Cscientific Dfantastic Ehelping Fusually42Thank you for _ me43They _ play basketball after school44The invention is very _BAEBFCD用词的正确形式填空用词的正确形式填空 94Guangxi organized some _ teams to leave for W

12、enchuan to help the people there （medicine）（南宁南宁08中考）中考）87Are you Canadian?NoI am _（Australia）（南宁南宁08中考）中考）93Who lives _ from the school Sam，Amy or Linda?Linda（far）（南宁南宁08中考）中考）Australianfarthestmedicial短文填空短文填空（2009山西省）山西省）Dolphins are 71._(interest)animals and researchers find them smart to watch.

13、They72._(have)no hands，but can use toolsto solve problems，just like us.There is no evidence that dolphins have a language of their own，but they can understand many sign 73._(language).They can respond(反应反应)quite74._(correct)and quickly.Dolphins live in a very different world，but theyare good at 75._(do)our“intelligent(智能的智能的)tests”.interestinghavelanguagescorrectlydoing构词法：构词法：合成合成(合成词合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个有两个或更多的词合成一个词词):Compounding)派生法（派生法（Derivation）【前缀前缀/后缀后缀】转化法（转化法（Conversion）【词性转换词性转换】SummaryHomeworkFinish all the exercises.