（公开课）高中英语复习北师大版《高考英语阅读七选五专题》课件-最新.ppt

1、一、考纲解读二、命题趋势规律三、解题步骤四、解题策略五、小结 随着高考改革的不断深化，英语试题中越来越突出语用能力的考查。英语新课程标准提出要“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力”。考试说明对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”近年来，更多的省份增加了七选五的试题类型。七选五这一题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求，不仅要有阅读速度,还要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解，能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次，对学生的逻辑思维能力及综合运用语言的能力提出了全新的挑战。二、命题趋势规律通读全文，理解大意浏览选项，初选

2、答案详细阅读，确定答案对比分析，排除干扰重读全文，验证答案 七选五阅读填空不仅要求我们对所读短文的主旨要义、具体信息有所了解，更要能够把握全篇文脉和作者的谋篇思路。故此，所选材料通常是我们所熟悉的大众化话题，一般多为说明文，偶现议论文和记叙文。短文不会少于三个自然段，不会在同一个自然段设两个以上的空白。文章的第一句不会设空(有小标题的题除外)。所留空白处一般是段落主题句、段落总结句、承上启下句、关键论点支撑句或全篇概括归纳句等。所给的七个选项中有两个选项与正确选项干扰性较大。一般如果能确定其中一个，另一个也基本可以排除了。因此，我一般从三个方面来分析和归纳突破七选五题型的有效途径：段首挖空类、

3、段中挖空类和段尾挖空类。该题型通常可以分为两种情况：A、小标题或段落主题句。阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。(2016全国)_2_ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)_3_However,there

4、are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.AKnow why you garden BFind a good place for your own garden 2A本题考查段落主题句。根据后面的there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden可知，这一部分主要说明的是首先要弄清楚从事园艺的原因。故A项与之

5、相符。(2015新课标全国)Building Trust in a Relationship AgainBuilding Trust in a Relationship Again _3_ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your wellbeing._4_ If youve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But

6、theres a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”At some point in all of our lives，well have our trust tested or violated.ALearn to really trust yourself.BIt is putting confidence in someone.CStop regarding yourself as the victim.DRemember that you can expect the best in

7、 return.ACB、非小标题类 可能是与后文是并列、转折、因果等关系或者段落间的过渡句。阅读后文第一、二句，锁定线索信号词，在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句之间是紧密衔接的，要注意它们之间的衔接手段，如时间年代的前后对应等。要瞻前顾后找关系，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。There are three main types of cryptography._2_ For example,the first letters of“My elephant eats too man

8、y eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”_3_You might represent each letter with a number,for example.Lets number the letters of the alphabet,in order,from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter,the message“Meet me”would read“135520135.”EYou can hide a message by having the first lett

9、ers of each word spell it out.GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.3G考查运用语境进行推断的能力。前文已经介绍了一种设置密码的方式，这里又介绍了另一种。故选G。G项中的another也是解题的关键标志词。2、段中挖空类（考查最多）该题型是指在文章或段落的中间挖空，所挖掉的句子通常在语境和逻辑两方面和上下文有密切的关系，所以确定正确选项的方法是所选择的选项应该在语境方面和原文中的相关空白能够无缝衔接。因此我们在解题

10、过程中，要特别注意以下几点：词汇复现。复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段。作者在文章中会对同一个概念重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章不同的地方重复出现。词汇复现通常有同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。(2014新课标全国)1Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious._2_ Ask kids，“What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？”and then try them out.Did those ingred

11、ients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time?2Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it._3_ There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in help

12、ing them develop their creativity.AEncourage kids to cook with you.CWe can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.代词。在详读文章和选项的过程中，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，特别是选项中以及空格附近句子中出现的代词。根据代词的单复数和其在句子中所作的成分，我们可以找出代词指代的名词或者句子，从而帮助我们解题。(2014新课标全国)Being able to read people helps kids from misreading

13、a situation and jumping to false conclusions._4_“Why do you think shes crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？”“If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？”FWe can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.4F根据下文“Why do you think.？”和“Ca

14、n you tell how.？”以及“If someone were.？”可知这里是问孩子怎样判断人的情感，所以上文应该是我们在真实生活中以及在听故事时要问这样的问题。故选F。语篇标记语。语篇标记语是指语篇中各种逻辑连接关系并对语篇连贯起指示作用的词语。语篇标记语可以是表示时间顺序的first，then，next等；表达作者组织语篇方式的for example，in other words，in short等。语篇标记语不仅能表达相邻句子之间的关系，还能表明某一特定语篇的总体走向。因此，对语篇标记语了解得越多，就越可以更好地理解文章的结构和要表达的内容。1.1.该类文章的结构往往是该类文章的

15、结构往往是_关系关系2.2.关注文章的关注文章的_标题标题 和段落的和段落的_标题标题3.3.关注每段的首尾句，关注每段的首尾句，首句通常是段落的首句通常是段落的_ 尾句通常是尾句通常是_ 过渡句具有过渡句具有_的作用的作用主题句主题句总结句总结句大大小小titlesubtitletopic sentenceconcluding 承前启后承前启后总总-分分transitional 因果关系因果关系转折或对比关系转折或对比关系 词汇复现（原词、同词汇复现（原词、同/近义近义）代词的指代代词的指代（it,they,this that,these,those）1._,so get help.1._,

16、so get help.A.Whatever the presentation,public A.Whatever the presentation,public speaking is tough speaking is tough B.You already do lots of things well B.You already do lots of things well C.You arent like anybody else C.You arent like anybody else 2.Even in advanced agricultural societies,2.Even

17、 in advanced agricultural societies,it took about ninety-five people on it took about ninety-five people on farms farms to feed five people in cities.to feed five people in cities._ A.That kept cities very small.A.That kept cities very small.B.The rest live in small towns.B.The rest live in small to

18、wns.C.But 200 years ago,only a few people C.But 200 years ago,only a few people could live in cities.could live in cities.3.Set a time for“lights out”on 3.Set a time for“lights out”on school nights.This is never be any school nights.This is never be any later than 10 p.m.and preferably 9 p.later tha

19、n 10 p.m.and preferably 9 p.m._.Soft music can be on and m._.Soft music can be on and used to help calm your teen.used to help calm your teen.A.Whats worse,they may even fall A.Whats worse,they may even fall asleep asleep in class.in class.B.Taking a bath and reading are two B.Taking a bath and read

20、ing are two activities that work well.activities that work well.C.“Lights out”means the computer,C.“Lights out”means the computer,television lights and cell phone television lights and cell phone should should be off.be off.4.Limit screen time4.Limit screen timeWhats screen time?Its the amount of Wh

21、ats screen time?Its the amount of time you spend watching TV or DVD5,time you spend watching TV or DVD5,playing video games,and using the playing video games,and using the computer.The more time you spend on computer.The more time you spend on these sittingdown activities,the less these sittingdown

22、activities,the less time available for active stuff,like time available for active stuff,like basketball,bike riding and basketball,bike riding and swimming._.swimming._.A.Eating too much can make you feel A.Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable.uncomfortable.B.Ask your parents to help you

23、 do your B.Ask your parents to help you do your favorite activities regularly.favorite activities regularly.C.Try to spend no more than 2 hours a C.Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.day on screen time.5 Eat a variety of foods.5 Eat a variety of foods.You may have a favorite food

24、,but the You may have a favorite food,but the best choice is to eat a variety.best choice is to eat a variety._.Taste new foods and old ones _.Taste new foods and old ones you havent tried for a while.you havent tried for a while.A.Drink water and milk.A.Drink water and milk.B.If you eat different f

25、oods,youre B.If you eat different foods,youre more more likely to get the nutrients your likely to get the nutrients your body body needs.needs.C.Eating too much can make you feel C.Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable.uncomfortable.6.Before you start writing,youll 6.Before you start writ

26、ing,youll need to plan your plot.The plot needs a need to plan your plot.The plot needs a beginning,middle,and an end._.beginning,middle,and an end._.The middle is where most of the action The middle is where most of the action happens,and your character is in happens,and your character is in troubl

27、e.The end is where the problem is trouble.The end is where the problem is solves and the story ends.solves and the story ends.A.The beginning is where you introduce A.The beginning is where you introduce main characters.main characters.B.Decide if youll be telling ghost B.Decide if youll be telling

28、ghost stories stories inside or outside.inside or outside.C.And it should be exciting as well as C.And it should be exciting as well as terrifying.terrifying.线索一：线索一：线索二：线索二：理清逻辑，理清逻辑，寻找线索词汇寻找线索词汇(短语短语)抓好主题，抓好主题，分析文章分析文章(段落段落)结构结构大大/小标题小标题主题句主题句过渡句过渡句总结句总结句因果、转折因果、转折/对比对比词汇复现词汇复现 代词的指代代词的指代完成完成20152

29、015新课标新课标II II 的七选五的七选五阅读填空 (2015新课标全国)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs._1_，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to r

30、ely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit._2_As always，you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，b

31、ut run five minutes longer each day._3_，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run._4_After two weeks，start timing yourself._5_Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before

32、 the race.AAfter six days BFor a good marathon runner CBefore you begin your training DWith each day，increase the distance by a half mile EIf they still feel good，you can begin running in them FTime spent for preparation raises the quality of training GNow you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and timeCEADG