（公开课）高中英语复习北师大版《阅读理解之长难句分析》课件-最新.ppt

1、分析长难句策略分析长难句策略 1、Newton is regarded as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.简析：简析：夹杂两个定语从句（夹杂两个定语从句（who.where）牛顿被认为是一位很有才华的科学家，他处牛顿被认为是一位很有才华的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，他也有普于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，他也有普通人所特有的弱点。通人所特有的弱点。Group 1 2、I c

2、ant live in fear of the possibility that as the earths population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不不能再生的能再生的)resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.简析：简析：在在possibilitypossibility后由后由thatthat引导的引导的同位语从句中还含有一并列结构的时间状语同位语从句中还含有一并列结构的时间状语从句：从句：asresourcesasresources。我不能总

3、是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：由于我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：由于地球上人口的不断增长，由于我们正在消耗掉越来越多地球上人口的不断增长，由于我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。生活。3.Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,_ reduce une

4、mployment pressures.(2009)A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,reduce unemployment pressures.Schools are expected to hire graduates A.help B.

5、to have helped C.to help D.having helped Can you draw a conclusion from the sentences above what makes sentences hard to understand and how to deal with this factor?1 1、Newton is regarded as a gifted scientist with Newton is regarded as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the

6、point very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.in history where magic ended and science began.2、I cant live in fear of the possibility that as the earths population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再不能再生的生的)resources，our children

7、 may have to lead poorer lives.第一类：复杂的修饰成分第一类：复杂的修饰成分,大段的插入或同位大段的插入或同位语等语等 打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解的困难语义，造成理解的困难-称之为称之为“打岔打岔”。考查能力：考查能力：大脑容量大脑容量+抗干扰能力抗干扰能力 解决方法：解决方法：提主干，去枝叶提主干，去枝叶1.1.主主+谓谓2.2.主主+谓谓+宾宾3.3.主主+谓谓+双宾双宾4.4.主谓宾主谓宾+宾补宾补5.5.主主+系系+表表4、A recent study showed almost two thirds of

8、parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters,and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on,although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.In the opinion of most parents,_A.Economics should be

9、the focus of school teaching B.More students should be admitted to universities C.The teaching of financial matters should be strengthenedD.Children should solve financial problems themselves 1、Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.简析：

10、简析：倒装句，并含有定语从句及分词短语。倒装句，并含有定语从句及分词短语。1066年以前，在我们现在称为英国年以前，在我们现在称为英国的土地上，住着属于两个主要语种的的土地上，住着属于两个主要语种的种族。种族。Group 2 2、Rising through the roof is the Tower of the Sun,inside Which stands a 160 foot tall Tree of Life.简析：简析：含有两个倒装句并夹杂非限制性定含有两个倒装句并夹杂非限制性定语从句。语从句。穿过屋顶矗立着太阳之塔，在里面有一棵穿过屋顶矗立着太阳之塔，在里面有一棵160英尺高的生

11、命之树。英尺高的生命之树。Can you draw a conclusion from the sentences above what makes sentences hard to understand and how to deal with this factor?1 1、Before 1066,in the land we now call Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two majo

12、r language groups.to two major language groups.2 2、Rising through the roof is the Tower Rising through the roof is the Tower of the Sun,inside Which stands a of the Sun,inside Which stands a 160 foot tall Tree of Life.160 foot tall Tree of Life.3、The researchers said that among the problems with som

13、e earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account those people most at risk for skin cancer-people with fair skin and freckles(雀斑雀斑),for example-are more likely to use sunscreen.As a result,it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.People with fair skin and freckles_.A.

14、seldom use sunscreen B.are more in danger of skin cancer C.can be free from the harm of the sun D.often expose themselves to the sun The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account those people most at risk for skin cancer-people

15、with fair skin and freckles(雀斑雀斑),for example-are more likely to use sunscreen.As a result,it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.The researchers said that among the problems The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed with some

16、earlier studies is that they often failed to to take into accounttake into account those people most at risk for those people most at risk for skin cancer skin cancer-people with fair skin and-people with fair skin and freckles(freckles(雀斑雀斑),),for example-are more likely to for example-are more lik

17、ely to use sunscreen.As a result,it may appear that use sunscreen.As a result,it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.sunscreen users get cancer more often.破折号之间的部分为插入语。上面的主语从句还包含一个固定搭配：take something into account，而本句中处在something位置上的是一个宾语从句：those people most at risk for skin cancer

18、are more likely to use sunscreen，也就是说，into account被前置了，因此这个固定搭配实际上是：take(that)those people most at risk for skin cancer are more likely to use sunscreen into account。(People with fair skin and freckles_.A.seldom use sunscreen B.are more in danger of skin cancer C.can be free from the harm of the sun

19、 D.often expose themselves to the sun 1、When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more“Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.当美国人第一次游览欧洲时，他们通常发当美国人第一次游览欧洲时，他们通常发现德国比法国对他们来说更加现德国比法国对他们来说更

20、加“陌生陌生”，因为，因为他们在标牌和广告上看到的德语，比起法语更他们在标牌和广告上看到的德语，比起法语更加不同于英语。加不同于英语。Group 3 2、So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends.所以似乎这一代的父母比三十年前的父母更有所以似乎这一代的父母比三十年前的父母更有可能把孩子当朋友来对待。可能把孩子当朋友来对待。Can you draw a conclusion from

21、the sentences above what makes sentences hard to understand and how to deal with this factor?含比较级句型结构也会加深理解的难度。含比较级句型结构也会加深理解的难度。考查能力：考查能力：大脑的逻辑思维能力大脑的逻辑思维能力 解决方法：解决方法：掌握比较级和最高级的表达习掌握比较级和最高级的表达习惯，结合语境把握正确的逻辑意惯，结合语境把握正确的逻辑意义。义。3、No less important than students academic work are their extra-curricular

22、 activities.A.Extra-curricular activities are equally important compared with academic work.B.Academic work is less important than extra-curricular activities.C.Extra-curricular activities are much more important than academic work.D.Academic work,no less than extra-curricular activities,is importan

23、t.No less important than students No less important than students academic work are their extra-academic work are their extra-curricular activities.curricular activities.Their extra-curricular activities Their extra-curricular activities are are no less importantno less important than students than

24、students academic work.academic work.No less important than students academic work are their extra-curricular activities.A.Extra-curricular activities are equally important compared with academic work.B.Academic work is less important than extra-curricular activities.C.Extra-curricular activities ar

25、e much more important than academic work.D.Academic work,no less than extra-curricular activities,is important.1 1、It was It was not unusualnot unusual to see to see children doing the work of children doing the work of adults in great many rural areas.adults in great many rural areas.Group 4 2、Deci

26、sion thinking is not unlike poker it often matters not only what you think,but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.做决策像打扑克牌，起作用的不但是你做决策像打扑克牌，起作用的不但是你怎么想的，还包括别人对你的想法是怎么看怎么想的，还包括别人对你的想法是怎么看的以及你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。的以及你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。Can you draw a conclusion from the sentenc

27、es above what makes sentences hard to understand and how to deal with this factor?1、Although not the largest,the hotel is the best.2、Dont visit Tom unless invited.the hotel isYou areGroup 5 3、Hunting is not a cruel and senseless killing not if you respect the thing you kill,not if you kill to enrich

28、 your memories,not if you kill to feed your people.”打猎不是一种残忍的愚昧的猎杀打猎不是一种残忍的愚昧的猎杀如果你如果你尊重你所猎杀的动物就不是，如果你打猎是为了尊重你所猎杀的动物就不是，如果你打猎是为了丰富你的记忆就不是，如果你打猎是为了喂养你丰富你的记忆就不是，如果你打猎是为了喂养你的人民就不是。的人民就不是。notnot not not not not 4、Many single men who could were likely to name a woman as their best friend.简析：简析：省略句省略句who

29、could（name a best friend）承前省。）承前省。那些能够说出好朋友名字的单身男那些能够说出好朋友名字的单身男人，很有可能说出一个女人的名字。人，很有可能说出一个女人的名字。Can you draw a conclusion from the sentences above what makes sentences hard to understand and how to deal with this factor?省略的几种情况（1）重复的成分（2）某些连词后句子的省略：如although(but)/even though,when/while/as/once,if/un

30、less（3）定语从句的引导词和系动词同时省略，变成后置定语 解决方法：联系上下文找出省略的部分。联系上下文找出省略的部分。5 5、Excused from recycling(回收回收)because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道垃圾道)?You wont be for long.(00全国卷全国卷E篇篇)Are you excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute?You wont be excused for lon

31、g.1.Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir(回忆录)of Ralph W.Tyler,who is one of the most famous men in American education.Who are most probably interested in Ralph W.Tylers memoir?A.Top managers.B.Language learners.C.Serious

32、 educators.D.Science organizations.2.An evaluation earlier this year reported that children on the scheme made 20 months progress in just one year,whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months progress,and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their

33、age.What do we know about Reading Recovery?A.An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year.B.Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.C.It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.D.Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading.3.In a victory of

34、 green business that is certain to appeal to environmentally-aware music-lovers,a design student is to receive financial support to produce eco-friendly tents made of cardboard that can be recycled after the bands and the crowds have gone home.Eco-friendly tents in paragraph 1 refers to tents _.A.ec

35、onomically desirable B.favorable to the environment C.for holding music performances D.designed for disaster relief 4.Souman said one explanation offered in the past for people walking in circles was that most people have one leg longer or stronger than the other,which would produce a systematic bia

36、s(偏差)in one direction.To test this,the researchers asked people to walk straight while blindfolded which removed the effects of vision.（2009厦门质检卷）The underlined word“this”in this paragragh refers to_ A.the effects of vision B.a systematic bias C.the leg length differences D.one explanation offered i

37、n the past Souman said one explanation offered in the past for people walking in circles was that most people have one leg longer or stronger than the other,which would produce a systematic bias(偏差)in one direction.To test this,the researchers asked people to walk straight while blindfolded which re

38、moved the effects of vision.Souman said one explanation offered in the past for people walking in circles was that most people have one leg longer or stronger than the other,which would produce a systematic bias(偏差偏差)in one direction.To test this,the researchers asked people to walk straight while b

39、lindfolded which removed the effects of vision.The underlined word“this”in this paragragh refers to_ A.the effects of vision B.a systematic bias C.the leg length differences D.one explanation offered in the past 1.We know that a cat,whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes,can se

40、e clearly in the night.我们知道，与我们的眼睛相比，猫的眼睛能吸我们知道，与我们的眼睛相比，猫的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜里看得更清楚收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜里看得更清楚.2.Someone traveling alone,if hungry,injury,or ill,often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cottage.独自旅行的人独自旅行的人,要是饿了要是饿了,受伤了或生病了受伤了或生病了,除了最近的除了最近的小屋小屋,常无处求援。常无处求援。3.All flights having been ca

41、nceled because of the snowstorm,many passengers could do nothing but take the train.由于所有航班都因暴风雪而取消，许多旅客只好由于所有航班都因暴风雪而取消，许多旅客只好改乘火车。改乘火车。4.So,compared to what used to be,society is way ahead;compared to what might be,it is behind.因此，比起过去的状况，现实社会已大大进步了；因此，比起过去的状况，现实社会已大大进步了；然而与可能达到的目标相比，则又远远落后了。然而与可能达

42、到的目标相比，则又远远落后了。5.Invented fewer than 20 years ago,it has already become one of the greatest things of the 70-year-old electronics.尽管发明还不到尽管发明还不到20年，可是它已成为已有年，可是它已成为已有70年年历史的电子学领域的一个壮举。历史的电子学领域的一个壮举。举例说吧：一个举例说吧：一个46岁的男子，在与家人外出度假岁的男子，在与家人外出度假之前进行体检。虽然他自我感觉良好，但医生发之前进行体检。虽然他自我感觉良好，但医生发现他患了某种形式的疾病，不超过现他患

43、了某种形式的疾病，不超过6个月就会死去个月就会死去,这时，医生该怎样对他讲呢？这时，医生该怎样对他讲呢？6.What would doctors say,for example,to a 46-year-old man coming in for a physical check up just before going on vacation with his family who,though he feels in good health,is found to have a form of disease that will cause him to die within six mo

44、nths?只要设想一下，如果多山的小国瑞士居住的人口只要设想一下，如果多山的小国瑞士居住的人口不是现在的不是现在的570万，而是万，而是 2800万，瑞士会是什么情万，瑞士会是什么情景，人们便会理解日本所面临的人口压力有多大。景，人们便会理解日本所面临的人口压力有多大。7.One can perhaps get a clearer picture of Japans serious population pressure by imaging what Switzerland would be like if that small and mountainous country were li

45、ved by 28 million people instead of the 5.7 million as at present.8.In some cases people go abroad for study in their special subject or to learn and get more practice in the language of that country and you cant speak a foreign language really well without having lived in that country where it is s

46、poken.在大多数情况下，人们出国是为了学习专业，或者学习并进一步实践那个国家的语言，因为没有在说这种语言的国家里生活过，你不可能真正讲好那个国家的语言。General reading strategies(策略策略)for you:1.Read phrase by phrase,rather than word by word.2.Dont try to understand every word in a text.3.Focus on the important information which helps you answer the questions,read the rest

47、 quickly.4.Use background knowledge to help understand the text.5.Make full use of the four options（选项）（选项）to guide you.6.Read the questions first.Reading with a purpose counts.Assignment:1.Finish reading comprehension exercise.2.Take down the complex sentences you meet with in your reading practice,share with each other and deal with the sentences together and progress in reading comprehension together.Be cooperative and competitive!