(实用课件)心血管系统中英文解剖学0课件.ppt
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1、Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University1 A.Composition(组成组成)1.Cardiovascular system (心血管系统心血管系统):):blood inside.2.Lymphatic system (淋巴系统淋巴系统):):lymph inside.PART THREE THE VASCULAR SYSTEMSystematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University2B.Functions(功能功
2、能)1.To transport nutrients and O2 to tissue.(营养物质营养物质+O2 组织组织)2.To carry waste products and CO2 from tissue.(组织组织 代谢产物代谢产物+CO2)3.To secrete some hormones.(分泌激素分泌激素)nutrients&O2waste products&CO2tissues and cellsblood vesselsblood vessels THE VASCULAR SYSTEM4.To carry hormones produced in endocrine g
3、lands to their target tissues (携带激素到靶器官携带激素到靶器官).).Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University35.To play an important role in maintaining homeostasis(维持内环境稳定维持内环境稳定).1)Transports enzymes to certain tissues(运输酶运输酶).2)Plays a central role in temperature,fluid,electrolyte and p
4、H regulation (调节体温调节体温,体液体液,电解质和酸碱度电解质和酸碱度).3)Protects the body from bacteria,foreign substances and some transformed cells (保护人体对细菌等的侵入保护人体对细菌等的侵入).4)Coagulates to prevent excess fluid loss (凝固防止体液丢失凝固防止体液丢失).THE VASCULAR SYSTEMSystematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University4Ch
5、apter 1 The Cardiovascular SystemA.Introduction(总论总论)B.The Heart(心心)C.Arteries(动脉动脉)D.Veins(静脉静脉)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University5Section 1 IntroductionA.Composition(组成组成)1.Heart(心心)2.Arteries(动脉动脉)3.Capillaries(毛细血管毛细血管)4.Veins(静脉静脉)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anat
6、omy,Medical College,Qingdao University6Introduction B.Divisions(分部分部)1.Pulmonary(lesser)circuits(肺循环肺循环)from right ventricle to left auricle.2.Systematic(greater)circuits(体循环体循环)from left ventricle to right auricle.Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University7IntroductionC.Th
7、e Vascular Anastomosis(血管血管吻合吻合)1.Arterial anastomosis(动脉间吻合动脉间吻合):arterial arch(动脉弓动脉弓)2.Venous anastomosis(静脉间吻合静脉间吻合):venous arch(静脉弓静脉弓)3.Arteriovenous anastomosis(动静脉动静脉吻合吻合):arteriolovenular anastomosis(小动静脉吻合小动静脉吻合)4.Venous plexus(静脉丛静脉丛)5.Collateral anastomosis(侧支吻合侧支吻合):collateral vessel(侧副
8、管侧副管):collateral circulation(侧支循环侧支循环)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University8Section 2 The HeartA.Location(位置位置):in the middle mediastinum of the thoracic cavityB.External Features 1.Cardiac apex(心尖心尖):cardiac apical incisure(心尖切迹心尖切迹)2.Cardiac base(心底心底)3.Margins(缘缘):i
9、nferior(sharp),right&left(blunt).Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University94.Surfaces(面面):):1)sternocostal surface (anterior)(胸肋面胸肋面):):anterior interventricular groove (前室间沟前室间沟)2)diaphragmatic surface(posterior)(膈面膈面):posterior interventricular groove (后室间沟后室间沟)coronary
10、sulcus (冠状沟冠状沟)C.Weight(重量重量)M:28450g.F:25849g.The HeartSystematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University10The HeartSystematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University11C.Chambers of the Heart1.The right atrium(右心房右心房)1)atrium proper(固有心房固有心房)a.right auricle(右心耳右心
11、耳)b.pectinate muscle (梳状肌梳状肌)c.crista terminalis (界嵴界嵴)d.right atrioventricular orifice(右房室孔右房室孔)e.posterior auricle(后心后心耳耳)(Eustachian下窦下窦)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University12C.Chambers of the Heart2)sinus venarum cavarum(腔静脉窦腔静脉窦)a.orifice of superior vena cava(上腔
12、静脉口上腔静脉口)b.orifice of inferior vena cava(下腔静脉口下腔静脉口)c.valve of inferior vena cava(Eustachian)(下腔静脉瓣下腔静脉瓣)d.orifice of coronary sinus(冠状窦口冠状窦口)e.valve of coronary sinus(Thebesian)(冠状窦瓣冠状窦瓣)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University13C.Chambers of the Heart3)atrial septal wal
13、l(房隔壁房隔壁)atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损房间隔缺损a.fossa ovalis(卵圆窝卵圆窝)patent foramen ovale 卵圆窝未闭卵圆窝未闭b.limbus fossae ovalis(卵圆窝缘卵圆窝缘)c.Kochs triangle(Koch三角三角)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University14C.Chambers of the Heart2.The right ventricle(右心室右心室)1)inflow tract (流入道流入道)(窦部窦
14、部)a.trabeculae carneae (肉柱肉柱)b.septomarginal trabecula(隔缘肉柱隔缘肉柱)(moderator band 节制索节制索)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University15C.Chambers of the Heart ii.chordae tendineae(腱索腱索)iii.papillary muscles(乳头肌乳头肌):ant.,post.,&septal.c.tricuspid complex(三尖瓣复合体三尖瓣复合体)i.tricuspid
15、 valve(三尖瓣三尖瓣):ant.,post.,&septal.tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄三尖瓣狭窄 tricuspid insufficiency 三尖瓣关闭不全三尖瓣关闭不全Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University16C.Chambers of the Heart 2)outflow tract (流出道流出道)(infundibulum 漏斗漏斗部部,conus arteriosus 动脉圆锥动脉圆锥)a.orifice of pulmonary trunk(肺动脉口
16、肺动脉口)b.pulmonary valve(肺动脉瓣肺动脉瓣):left,right,anterior supraventricular crest(室上嵴室上嵴)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University173.The left atrium(左心房左心房)C.Chambers of the Heart1)left auricle(左心耳左心耳)2)orifices of pulmo-nary vein(肺静脉口肺静脉口)3)left atrioventricular orifice(左房室口左房
17、室口)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University184.The left ventricle (左心室左心室)1)inflow tract (流入道流入道)(窦部窦部)(left ventricle proper)C.Chambers of the HeartSystematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University19C.Chambers of the Heart a.mitral complex(二尖瓣复合体二尖瓣复合体
18、)i.bicuspid valve(二尖瓣二尖瓣):ant.,&post.ii.chordae tendineae(腱索腱索)iii.papillary muscles(乳头肌乳头肌):ant.,&post.Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University202)outflow tract(流出流出道道)(aortic vestibule主动脉前庭主动脉前庭)a.aortic orifice (主动脉口主动脉口)b.aortic valve (主动脉瓣主动脉瓣):right,left,&posterior.
19、C.Chambers of the Heartb.trabeculae carneae(肉柱肉柱)bicuspid stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄二尖瓣狭窄 bicuspid insufficiency 二尖瓣闭关闭不全二尖瓣闭关闭不全Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University21C.Chambers of the HeartHeart in systole(收缩期收缩期)Heart in diastole(舒张期舒张期)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical
20、 College,Qingdao University22D.Structures of the Heart1.Fibrous skeleton(纤维骨骼纤维骨骼)1)right fibrous trigone(central fibrous body)(右纤维三角右纤维三角):tendon of Todaro 2)left fibrous trigone(左纤维三角左纤维三角)3)fibrous ring of mitral valve(二尖瓣环二尖瓣环)4)fibrous ring of tricuspid valve(三尖瓣环三尖瓣环)5)fibrous ring of aortic v
21、alve(主动脉瓣环主动脉瓣环)6)fibrous ring of pulmonary valve(肺动肺动脉瓣环脉瓣环)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University232.Septum of heart(心间隔心间隔)1)interatrial septum(房间隔房间隔)2)interventricular septum(室间隔室间隔)a.muscular part(肌部肌部)b.membranous part(膜部膜部)后上部后上部:房室部房室部 前下部前下部:室间部室间部D.Structures
22、 of the Heartventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损室间隔缺损3)atrioventricular septum (房室隔房室隔)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University24 3.Cardiac walls(心壁心壁)1)endocardium(心内膜心内膜)endocarditis 心内膜炎心内膜炎 2)myocardium(心肌层心肌层):vortex of heart(心涡心涡)D.Structures of the Heartmyocarditis 心肌炎
23、心肌炎3)epicardium (心外膜心外膜)浆膜浆膜Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University25 1.Sinoatrial node(SA node)(窦房结窦房结)2.Internodal tracts(结间支结间支):anterior,middle,&posterior.3.Atrioventricular node(AV node)(房室结房室结)E.Conducting System of the HeartSystematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medica
24、l College,Qingdao University26E.Conducting System of the Heart 4.Atrioventricular bundle(His)(房室束房室束)5.Bundle branch(束支束支):right.left.6.Purkinjes fibers(Purkinje纤维纤维)Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University27SA node 60-80/minAV node 40-60/minHisB.右束支左束支internodal tract(结间
25、束结间束)25-40/minPurkinjes fibers30/minatrioventricular block 房室传导阻滞房室传导阻滞E.Conducting System of the HeartAtrioventricular nodal region(房室结区房室结区)1)AV node 2)结间支终末部结间支终末部 3)His His束近侧部束近侧部Systematic AnatomyDept of Anatomy,Medical College,Qingdao University28F.The Blood Vessels of the Heart1.The cardiac
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