高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结课件.ppt

1、 高考语法填空高考语法填空 解题解题技巧技巧高考语法填空题两类高考语法填空题两类“空空”：纯空格纯空格（5-6个）个）给词空给词空 (4-5个）个）1.谓语谓语(动词动词:时态语态时态语态)2.非谓语非谓语(动词动词:to do/doing/done)3.词类转换词类转换(名名形形副副)冠、代、介、连冠、代、介、连动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词冠词冠词介词介词连词连词代词代词词性词性一一般般有有提提示示词词无无提提示示词词定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词并列句及复合句并列句及复合句非谓语动词非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形及变形谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,

2、及主谓一致及主谓一致介词的常用用法及词组搭配介词的常用用法及词组搭配词汇词汇,构词法构词法人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词指示代词，反身代词根据语义根据语义,确定词确定词形形分析句子分析句子,确定词确定词性性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文通读全文,理解大意理解大意检查搭配检查搭配,前后连贯前后连贯2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结动词动词2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考

3、点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构 考查语法点考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例1He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he_(find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick calledfound2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专

4、题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例2Last year,my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We _(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that weekwere told2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例3He suddenly appeared in class one day He walked in

5、as if he _(buy)the schoolhe was from New York City.分析分析由由as if(好像好像)可知，可能用虚可知，可能用虚拟语气；由语境可知，他是新来的同学，不拟语气；由语境可知，他是新来的同学，不可能是买下了学校，故用虚拟语气；这是叙可能是买下了学校，故用虚拟语气；这是叙述过去的事，与过去事实相反，用过去完成述过去的事，与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，故填时，故填had bought2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结助动词助动词 构成行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的构成行为动词一般现在时和一

6、般过去时的疑问句和否定句的疑问句和否定句的do,does,did。例例1 How much _ he charge you for repairing the bicycle just now?did2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结 强调行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的强调行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的谓语动词的谓语动词的do,does,did。例例2To tell you the truth,Tom _ take my pen by mistake yesterday,but he has said sorry to me.d

7、id2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结 构成部分倒装的构成部分倒装的do,does,did。例例3 Not only _ he do well in his study,but also he is always ready to help others.does2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结 常用情态动词的基本用法。常用情态动词的基本用法。例例4I _ have gone to the school library,but it rained heavily,so

8、I did not.分析分析表示表示“本应该做某事，但事实上却没本应该做某事，但事实上却没有做有做”，用，用should have done sth.表示，故填表示，故填should。2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结 有提示词有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式除谓语动词以外的动词形式 考查语法点考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例1Sue got home,_(feel)very tired.feeling例例2

9、_(build)in 1192,the bridge is over 700 years old.Built例例3It has been his dream _(travel)round the world.to travel例例4_(collect)stamps seems to be his main hobby.Collecting例例5I didnt talk much to the man _(sit)next to me.sitting例例6She avoided _(answer)the teachers questions.answering牢记:只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的

10、常用动词,如finish,enjoy,consider,advise,suggest,feel like,cant help等;只能接to do作宾语的动词,如plan,want,wish,hope,would like,refuse等;接to do与doing意思有差别的动词,如forget,remember,regret等；look forward to,devote oneself to等to是介词的短语动词。名词名词名词名词 弄清数与格。即名词是否该用复数，弄清数与格。即名词是否该用复数，是否要用所有格。是否要用所有格。例例1We were poor in those _(day).d

11、ays例例2 Its about an _(hour)drive from here.hours形容词和副词形容词和副词2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结 有提示词有提示词通常，有表示范围的通常，有表示范围的in/ofin/of介词短语或介词短语或形容词前有形容词前有thethe时，一般要用最高级；时，一般要用最高级；thanthan的前面一定要用比较级的前面一定要用比较级 2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结比较等级比较等级 有有than的前面要用比较级；有的前面要用比较

12、级；有in,of,I have ever seen等表示比较范围的用最高级；等表示比较范围的用最高级；根据语境理解隐形的比较级。根据语境理解隐形的比较级。例例1It takes _(little)time to go there by plane than by train.less2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例2My pronunciation is poor.His is even _(bad).worse例例3Hainan is Chinas second _(large)island.largest2021届高考语法

13、填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例4Mr.Li,our English teacher,is one of the _(nice)people I know.nicest2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结连词连词2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结 无提示词无提示词两个主谓结构连接两个主谓结构连接 考查语法点考查语法点:各类复合句中连词，引导词的用法各类复合句中连词，引导词的用法2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结

14、2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例1 As a citizen,you must obey the law _ you will be punished.or“否则否则”。2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例2 He likes cats _ dislikes dogs.but2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例3 He came to me in the belief _ I could help him.that例例4 Owing to lack

15、 of time,we cannot do more than _ we have done.what2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例5I met someone _ said he knew you.who2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结2021届高考语法填空专题解题技巧点拨和考点总结例例6 Li Ming won first prize in the competition,_ made his father pleased.which例例7 We camped there _ it was too dar

16、k to go on.because例例8 Such things,_ you like it or not,do happen from time to time.whetherwhether or 不管不管还是还是【例句1】One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.答案：that【例句2】In Lanzhou I visited a factory _ everything was very simple,including its equipment and the d

17、irectors office,yet the factory turned out quite good products.答案：where【例句3】He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,_ he felt very happy since the crop did“grow”higher.答案：but【例句4】We understand this lesson best _ we receive gifts of love from children.答案：when【例句5】.the villagers who had gat

18、hered around me were arguing as to _ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.答案：who【例句6】Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display.答案：where特殊的句式结构(1)由it is.that.强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。【例句】.and _40_ was only after I heard she became sick that I learne

19、d she couldnt eat MSG(味精)!答案：it(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not,until,had等，还是填do,does,did等。【例句】_ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.答案：Only(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：【例句1】.as _32_ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two worldfamous arti

20、sts.答案：it【例句2】Dating sites also make _36_ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.答案：it(4)so/such.that.句型。如：【例句】This made the goat so jealous _34_ it began plotting against(谋划对付)the donkey.答案：that代词代词 无提示词无提示词 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。指示代词（指示代词（i

21、t it和和thisthis）,不定代词，不定代词，it it用用作引导词作引导词,反身代词等。反身代词等。考查语法点考查语法点:代词的基本用法代词的基本用法 例例1 The manager was about to leave when his secretary called _ back.him例例2Tom,a friend of _(I),is our monitor.mine例例3 The children amused _(they)by playing hide-and-seek games.“自娱自乐，游玩自娱自乐，游玩(amuse oneself)”themselves类似的

22、短语还有类似的短语还有enjoy oneself(玩得开心玩得开心),teach oneself(自学自学),adapt oneself(适应适应),dress oneself(自己穿衣自己穿衣),devote oneself to(致力于致力于),by oneself(单独地单独地)等。等。【例句4】When I looked into their eyes,I found they didnt care,which told me it would be useless,but when I looked into _，I saw kindness.答案：yours【例句5】His tea

23、cher took a deep drink，.thanked his student very much for the sweet water.After the student left,the teacher let _ student taste the water.答案：another冠词冠词 无提示词无提示词 名词之前名词之前 考查语法点考查语法点:定冠词定冠词,不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法 解题技巧解题技巧下列情况很可能填下列情况很可能填 ：(1)_+可数名词可数名词(单数单数)；(2)_+形容词形容词+可数名词可数名词(单数单数)。下列情况下很可能填下列情况下很可能填 ：(1

24、)_(+定语定语)+名词名词+of等介词短语等介词短语(表示特表示特指指)；(2)_(+定语定语)+名词名词+定语从句定语从句(表示特指表示特指)；(3)_(+定语定语)+名词名词+不定式短语或分词短不定式短语或分词短语语(表示特指表示特指)。不定冠词不定冠词定冠词定冠词例例1It was _ third time I had been there.the例例2 This is _ most boring film Ive ever seen.the例例3 He is _ honest businessman,according to what everyone says.an【例句4】Wha

25、t is a good education?_ question is far from being answered.Once more,colleges and universities are revising their programs:they drop“fun courses”and reestablish some of the traditional subjects neglected since the 1960s.答案：The 介词介词 无提示词：注意搭配问题无提示词：注意搭配问题与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补补语等语等 与不及物动词构

26、成动词短语接宾语与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语 考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配例例1 I am grateful to you _ helping me.for例例2_ time going by,I gradually realize the importance of health.WithWith time going by=As time goes by随着时间随着时间的流逝。的流逝。【例句3】Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt 1._ a lower price would b

27、e because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 2._ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”答案：1.at2.for【例句4】_ view of the rising popularity of 3D films,80 percent said the growth prospect would be

28、good in the coming 12 months,and 60 percent suggested that 3D technology would offer more business opportunities over the next three years.答案：In词性转换词性转换 有提示词有提示词 介词介词,冠词冠词,所有格后接名词所有格后接名词,形容词修形容词修饰名词饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子 考查语法点考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化各类词性的正确使用及转化词类转换词类转换 作主语、宾语、表语，用名词。亦即，名词作主语、宾语

29、、表语，用名词。亦即，名词就是在句中作主语、宾语、表语的。就是在句中作主语、宾语、表语的。例例1Several children are away from school because of _(ill).illness 作定语、补语、表语，用形容词。亦即，作定语、补语、表语，用形容词。亦即，形容词在句中是作定语、补语、表语的。形容词在句中是作定语、补语、表语的。例例2 This is the only reference book that I find _(use).useful 作状语，用副词修饰动词、形容词或另一作状语，用副词修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或修饰全句。亦即，副词就是用来作副词，或修饰全句。亦即，副词就是用来作状语的。状语的。例例3I arrived late but _(luck),the meeting had been delayed.luckilyThanks for listening Thanks for listening