高考一轮复习语法非谓语动词共计张课件.pptx

1、非非 谓谓 语语 动动 词词Question 1Question 1:英语一句话中通常有几个动词？Question 2:Question 2:如果出现更多的动词该如何？加连词（and/but/so)放入从句 变为非谓语动词 I bought a green cake and I presented it to my teacher.I presented a green cake which I bought from Singapore to my teacher变 为 非 谓 语 动词 Longing for the green cake,I went to Singapore.To ma

2、ke my English teacher happy I bought him a green cakes box.Seeing the eaten green cake,my English teacher began to cry.非谓语动词不定式 to+v动词的v-ing过去分词 v-ed高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张非非 谓谓 语语 动动 词词性质：它具有性质：它具有动词动词的特点，但在的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补

3、足语、状语的作用，宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓即：除谓语以外一切成分语以外一切成分。高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张非谓语动词不定式 to+v动词的v-ing过去分词 v-ed将来、目的主动、进行被动、完成高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张不定式 to+v将来、目的不定式不定式一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式主动主动to do to do toto be be doing doing被动被动 to have beento have been done done 高考一轮复习 语法 非谓

4、语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后,（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张1 1不定式的形式：不定式的形式：（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作作与谓语动词动作 同同 或发生在或发生在 后后 ,The patient asked The patient asked

5、on at once.on at once.（operateoperate）The teacher ordered the work The teacher ordered the work .（do do）to be operated,to be done 高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张1 1不定式的形式：不定式的形式：（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如：The boy pretended The boy pretended hard.work hard.work He seems He seems in

6、 his room.readin his room.readto be working,to be reading 高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张1 1不定式的形式不定式的形式（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如：例如：I regretted to I regretted to a lie.a lie.I happened I happened the film.the film.He is pleased He is pleased his friend

7、.his friend.to have told,to have watched/seen,to have met高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张2不定式的句法功能：高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张（1 1）作主语：）作主语：the work in ten minutes is the work in ten minutes is very hard.very hard.动词不定式短语作主语时动词不定式短语作主语时,常用常用itit作形式主语作形式主语,例例如上面两句可用如下形式：如上面两句

8、可用如下形式：It is very hard It is very hard the work in ten the work in ten minutes.minutes.To finish to finish 高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张（2 2）作表语：）作表语：Her job isHer job is the hall.the hall.He appears He appears a cold.a cold.to clean to have caught 高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共

9、计58张（3 3）作宾语：）作宾语：常与不定式做宾语：常与不定式做宾语：want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,managelearn,pretend,refuse,manage如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语,则用则用itit作形式宾语作形式宾语,真正的宾语（不定式）后置真正的宾语（不定式）后置,放在宾语补足语后面放在宾语补足语后面,例如：例如：Marx found Marx found important important th

10、e situation the situation in Russia.in Russia.动词不定式也可充当介词宾语动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如：如：I have no choice but I have no choice but here.here.He He diddid nothing last Sunday but nothing last Sunday but his bike.his bike.总结：总结：前有前有do.do.itto sovleto staymend前有前有DO省略省略TO 前无前无DO请加请加TO（4 4）作宾语补足语：）作宾语补足语：有些动词如有些动词如

11、make,let,see,watch,hear,feel,havemake,let,see,watch,hear,feel,have等与不等与不带有带有toto的不定式连用的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时但改为被动语态时,不定式要加不定式要加to,to,如：如：I saw himI saw him the road.the road.He was seen He was seen the road.the road.crossto cross（5 5）作定语：）作定语：动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后.与所修饰名词有如下关系：动宾关系：I have a meeting .说明所修饰名词

12、的内容：We have made a plan the work.修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：He is the first here.to attendto come注意：不定式为不及物动词时注意：不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等点、工具等,应有必要的介词应有必要的介词,如：如：He found a good house to live .The child has nothing to worry .What did you open it?inaboutwith（6）作状语：）作状语：He worked day and night He worked

13、 day and night the the money.money.目的：He arrived late He arrived late the train gone.the train gone.结果：They were very sadThey were very sad the news.the news.原因：Its too dark for us Its too dark for us anything anything程度：（7）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to.He wished to study medicine and be a doc

14、tor.（二）动名词：一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式ing ing 形式形式主动主动doingdoinghaving donehaving done-被动被动being donebeing donehaving been donehaving been done-1动名词的形式：否定式：not+动名词（1）一般式：Seeing is believing.(2)被动式：He came to the party without （3）完成式：We remembered the film.（4）完成被动式：He forgot to Guangzhou when he was five year

15、s old.Being invited Having seen Having been 2动名词的句法功能：动名词的句法功能：（1）作主语：aloud is very helpful.当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语.Its no use quarrelling.Reading 高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张（2）作表语：In the ant city,the queens job is eggs.高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张（3）作宾语：They havent finished

16、 the dam.要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy,finish,suggest,（避免）,excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,（承认）（否认）,mind,permit,forbid,practice,（冒险）,感激）,be busy,be worth,feel like,cant stand,情不自禁地）,think of,dream of,be fond of,p r e v e n t (f r o m),k e e p f r o m,s t o p（from）,protectfrom,set about,be engaged

17、 in,spend(in),succeed in,be used to,look forward to,object to,pay attention to,insist on,feel like高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张（4）作定语：He cant walk without a walking-stick.高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张（5）作同位语：The cave,his hiding-place is secret.His habit,listening to the new

18、s o n t h e r a d i o r e m a i n s unchanged高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张高考一轮复习 语法 非谓语动词 共计58张动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构 动名词前可以加一个 物主代词或 名词所有格来表示 这个动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复 合结构或动名词短语 a.动名词复合结构作主语时一般用名词所有格或形容词性的物主代词。Nixons visiting Nixons visiting China marked a new year between U.S.and China diplomatic relations.Their comi

19、ng Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.b.在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中-人 称代词宾格。例如：The doctor does not mind me/my eating a little meat occasionally.He suggested He suggested it once again.(we,try)it once again.(we,try)(he,know)(he,know)English troubled him a lot.English troubled him a

20、lot.Our trying His not knowing 不定式和动名词作宾语不定式和动名词作宾语.下列动词常用不定式作宾语：下列动词常用不定式作宾语：aim,ask,dare,appear,arrange,demand,help,hesitate,pay,aim,ask,dare,appear,arrange,demand,help,hesitate,pay,plan,wait,fail,seek,prepare,happen,mean,prove,expect,plan,wait,fail,seek,prepare,happen,mean,prove,expect,wish,hope,

21、decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree,choose,promise,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree,choose,promise,pretend,manage,care,determine,affordpretend,manage,care,determine,afford等。等。I didnt expect to find you here They refused to accept his invitation The little boy pretended to be asleep when his mot

22、her came in(2)(2)下列动词通常用下列动词通常用inging形式作宾语：形式作宾语：admit,report,appreciate,deny,explain,mention,resist,stand,stop,imagine,recall,suggest,mind,finish,enjoy,keep,practise,miss,avoid,delay,excuse,escape,consider,advise等。等。The girl was told to practice playing the piano for three hours every day Good news

23、 keeps coming.Tina suggested spending the weekend on her farm Have you finished correcting the students papers?(4)(4)下列动词接不定式与接下列动词接不定式与接inging形式时意义不同：形式时意义不同：stop to do 停下(正在做的事)去做另一件事 stop doing 停下正在做的事 forget to do忘记做某事(此事未做)forget doing忘记曾做过某事(此事已做)如He forgot to post the letter when he walked pa

24、st the post office Ill never forget seeing him for the first time remember to do记得要做某事(此事未做)/remember doing记得某事已做过(此事已做)如：I remember seeing her once somewhere You must remember to take your umbrella when you leave home go on to do继续做另一件事 go on doing接着做同一件事 如：She stood up and shook hands with me,and

25、then she went on writing something AfterIfinishedmyhomework,1wentontoreadthenovel try to do企图想做某事 try doing试着做某事(看看有什么后果发生)如：We tried to persuade him to go with us,but he wouldnt listen Lets try doing the work some other way.mean to do (意思是)想做某事 mean doing 意味着做某事 如：Revolution means librating the pro

26、ductive force Sorry,I didnt mean to hurt you regret to do遗憾地做某事(通常后接say,tell等动词)regret doing后悔做了某事 如：I regret to tell that you didnt pass the exam again He regretted having told her the bad news(5)(5)注意有些动词如：注意有些动词如：adviseadvise，permit,allowpermit,allow，admitadmit，forbidforbid，imagineimagine，conside

27、rconsider接不定式与接接不定式与接inging形式的不同结构。形式的不同结构。这些动词后面跟复合宾语时，用不定式作宾补。这些动词后面跟复合宾语时，用不定式作宾补。adviseadvisepermitpermitallowallowadmitadmitforbidforbidimagineimagineconsidersbconsidersbto do sthto do sth 这些动词后面直接跟非谓语动词时，用动名词这些动词后面直接跟非谓语动词时，用动名词doing.doing.adviseadvisepermitpermitallowallowadmitadmitforbidforb

28、idimagineimagineconsiderdoing sth.considerdoing sth.（三）现在分词：（三）现在分词：一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式ing ing 形式形式主动主动doingdoinghaving donehaving done-被动被动being donebeing donehaving been donehaving been done-1、现在分词的形式：否定式：not+现在分词 一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作.2 2现在分词的句法功能：现在分词的句法功能：（1）作定语：The man talki

29、ng to the teacher is our monitors father.（2）现在分词作表语：The film in the cinema is .(show,excite)shownExcited（3）作宾语补足语：see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listen to,look at,leave,catch等.例如例如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?（4）现在分词作状语：）现在分词作状语：(While)Working in the factory,

30、he was an advanced worker.作时间状语：作时间状语：Being a League member,he is always helping others.作原因状语：作原因状语：He stayed at home,cleaning and washing.作方式状语作方式状语,表示伴随：表示伴随：(If)Playing all day,you will waste your valuable time.作条件状语：作条件状语：作目的状语：作目的状语：Though raining heavily,it cleared up very soon.作让步状语：作让步状语：He

31、dropped the glass,breaking it into pieces.作结果状语：作结果状语：He went swimming the other day.(四）过去分词：四）过去分词：过去分词只有一种形式：过去分词只有一种形式：done 1.1.过过去分去分词词作定作定语语：Our class went on an Our class went on an trip last trip last Monday.Monday.Those Those as committee members as committee members will attend the meeting.

32、will attend the meeting.Organized elected 2 2过去分词作表语：过去分词作表语：The window is broken.注意：注意：be+过去分词过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构如果表示状态是系表结构,如果如果表示被动的动作是被动语态表示被动的动作是被动语态.区别：区别：The window is broken.The window is broken.（系表）（系表）The window was broken by the boy.The window was broken by the boy.（被动）（被动）3 3过去分词作宾语补足语：过去分词

33、作宾语补足语：I heard the song several times last week.With the work they went out to play.sung done 4 4过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语：PraisedPraised by the neighbors,he became the pride of his parents.Once seenseen,it can never be forgotten.GivenGiven more time,Ill be able to do it better.Though toldtold of the danger,h

34、e still risked his life 非谓语动词的做题步骤非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。主语的主动还是被动关系。4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用同时。之前

35、常用 done;之后常用之后常用to do;同时常用同时常用doing.非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词）,在句中做主语、宾语、表语.（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词）,在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语.一、单句填空：一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1._(walk)is a good form of exercise for both young and old.(全国全国)2.Eugenes never willing to alter any

36、 of his opinions.Its no use _(argue)with him.(上海上海)3.Please remain _(seat);the winner of the prize will be announced soon.(辽宁辽宁)4.Can I smoke here?Sorry.We dont allow _(smoke)here.(江苏江苏)Walking arguing seated smoking 5.It is difficult to imagine his _(accept)the decision without any consideration.(陕

37、西陕西)6.I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.(北京北京)7.As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _(repair).(陕西陕西)8.Susan wanted to be independent of her parents.She tried _(live)alone,but she didnt like it an

38、d moved back home.(湖南湖南)accepting to stop workingto be repaired living 9._(dress)in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.10.I sent you 100 dollars today with the rest _(follow)next week.11._(lose)in the mountains for weeks,the two students were finally saved by the local police.12._(put)into use in April 2000,the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.Dressedto followLostPut