Unit 4 Natural disasters Vocabulary单元复习（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Revision:必修一必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disasters高三一轮复习高三一轮复习By Zhosir肇庆市高要区第一中学肇庆市高要区第一中学 重点词汇讲解重点词汇讲解cause/do damage to 对对造成伤害造成伤害1.damage vt 损害；破坏损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失损坏；损失搭配搭配派生派生 damaged adj.被损坏的被损坏的 damaging adj.有害的；造成破坏的有害的；造成破坏的2.affect vt.影响；影响；(疾病疾病)侵袭；深深打动侵袭；深深打动派生派生 affected adj.受到影响的受到影响的 affection n.喜爱

2、；影响；感染喜爱；影响；感染搭配搭配be greatly/deeply affected by 被被深深打动；被深深打动；被深深影响深深影响3.ruin n.&vt.破坏；损坏破坏；损坏be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪成为废墟；破败不堪be a shock to sb 对某人是一个震撼对某人是一个震撼be shocked at/by 对对感到震惊感到震惊be shocked to do sth 因某事而吃惊因某事而吃惊4.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使使)震惊震惊搭配搭配派生派生 shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的震惊的；惊讶

3、的 shocking adj.令人震惊的令人震惊的1.I was shocked to hear that Yuan Longping left us.2.We were all shocked at the news of his death.1.听到袁隆平离开了我们，我感到很震惊。听到袁隆平离开了我们，我感到很震惊。2.我们都对他去世的消息感到震惊。我们都对他去世的消息感到震惊。bury sth in 把把埋到埋到里面里面 bury ones face in hands 双手掩面双手掩面bury oneself in 埋头于；沉浸于埋头于；沉浸于be buried in 埋头于；专心于埋头

4、于；专心于5.bury vt.埋葬；安葬埋葬；安葬搭配搭配表示表示“专心于专心于”且与且与“be buried in”结构类似的表达还有：结构类似的表达还有：be _ in=lose oneself in 沉迷于；全神贯注于沉迷于；全神贯注于be _ in=absorb oneself in 全神贯注于全神贯注于be _ to=devote oneself to致力于；献身于致力于；献身于lostabsorbeddevoted1.She _(双手掩面双手掩面)and wept bitterly.2._(bury)himself in the novel,he didnt know his mo

5、ther came back._(bury)in the novel,he didnt know his mother came back.buried her face in her handsBuryingBuried同样结构的：同样结构的：be seated,be dressed in,be caught in.用分词做状语翻译以下句子：用分词做状语翻译以下句子：1.由于遇上暴风雨，他们没能赶上火车。由于遇上暴风雨，他们没能赶上火车。2.一坐下来，他就埋头于学习英语。一坐下来，他就埋头于学习英语。1.Caught in a storm,they failed to catch the t

6、rain.2.Once seated,he was buried in studying English.6.breathe vi.&vt.呼吸呼吸词根词根 breath n.呼吸；气息呼吸；气息派生派生 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的气喘吁吁的搭配搭配hold ones breath 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸out of breath 气喘吁吁；上气不接下气气喘吁吁；上气不接下气make an effort/make efforts作出努力作出努力spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事不遗余力做某事make every effort to do sth 尽一切努

7、力做某事尽一切努力做某事7.effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力努力；艰难的尝试；尽力搭配搭配派生派生 effortless adj.不费力的；容易的不费力的；容易的(1)We should _(不遗余力不遗余力)to beautify our planet,because it is shared by all human beings.(2)We should _(尽一切努力尽一切努力)to protect water resources,for we cant live without it.运用运用make every effortspare no effort8.supply n

8、.供应供应(量量)；补给；补给；pl.补给品补给品 vt.供应；供给供应；供给water/electricity/gas supply 自来水自来水/电力电力/煤气供应煤气供应(系统系统)in short supply 供应不足；短缺供应不足；短缺supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb给某人提供某物给某人提供某物搭配搭配派生派生 supplement n.增补增补(物物)；增刊；增刊provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 给某人提供某物给某人提供某物offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物给某

9、人提供某物(1)The company decided to supply the local schools _ multimedia equipment.(2)He refused to supply information _ the police.(3)Water are still _(供应不足供应不足)in many areas.withtoin short supply9.survive vi.生存；存活；继续存在生存；存活；继续存在 vt.幸存；艰难度过；比幸存；艰难度过；比活得长活得长survive the accident/flood/earthquake/fire在事故在

10、事故/洪灾洪灾/地震地震/火灾幸免于难火灾幸免于难派生派生 survivor n.幸存者；生还者幸存者；生还者 survival n.幸存；残存物幸存；残存物He survived his wife for two years.strike twelve 敲敲12点点be/go on strike 罢工罢工be struck by/with 被被击中击中It strikes sb thatIt occurs to sb that 某人突然想到某人突然想到the flood stricken area10.strike vi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击

11、打侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击罢工；罢课；袭击搭配搭配1.The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.2.It strikes me that I forgot to hand in my homework,which makes me very anxious.1.那小孩跑到马路上去，被小车撞了。那小孩跑到马路上去，被小车撞了。2.我突然想起我忘记交作业了，这让我很焦虑。我突然想起我忘记交作业了，这让我很焦虑。11.effect n.影响；结果；效果影响；结果；效果take effect开始起作用；见效开始起作用；见效co

12、me/go into effect 生效生效bring/put sth into effect 使使生效；实施生效；实施greenhouse effect 温室效应温室效应have an effect on/upon 对对有影响有影响=affecthave an influence on sth.搭配搭配派生派生 effective adj.有效的有效的 take effective measures to effectively adv.有效地；生效地有效地；生效地 affect vt.影响影响(1)Global warming can _(对对产产生重大影响生重大影响)hundreds o

13、f plant and animal species around the world.(2)The recommendations will soon be _(付诸付诸实施实施).(3)The government should take _(effect)measures to solve problems faced by those poor children.运用运用effectivehave a great effect onput into effect12.on hand 现有现有(尤指帮助尤指帮助)；在手头；在场；在手头；在场hand in hand 携手；手拉手；密切合作

14、携手；手拉手；密切合作A go hand in hand with B A和和B联系紧密联系紧密give/lend/offer a hand to sb 帮助某人帮助某人on the one hand,on the other hand 一方一方面面 另一方面另一方面联想联想一词多义一词多义()(1)The professor was asked to deliver a lecture on literature.请给下列句中画线词选择一个恰当的汉语意思。请给下列句中画线词选择一个恰当的汉语意思。1.deliver A.vt.递送；传递递送；传递 B.vt.发表发表(演说演说)C.vi.履行

15、履行(承诺承诺)D.vt.给给接生接生;生生(孩子孩子)B教授受邀作一场文学讲座。教授受邀作一场文学讲座。()(2)On her birthday,he had flowers delivered to her office.()(3)They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby.()(4)He has promised to finish the job by June and I am sure he will deliver.A在她生日那天，他订了鲜花送到她办公室。在她生日那天，他订了鲜花送到她办公室。D他们飞快

16、地将她送到医院，医生给她接生了。他们飞快地将她送到医院，医生给她接生了。C他答应在六月底完成这项工作，我相信他会履行诺言。他答应在六月底完成这项工作，我相信他会履行诺言。()(1)A snowball struck him on the back of the head.()(2)Last month,the area was struck by floods.()(3)They will call a strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.BA一团雪球打中他的后脑勺。一团雪球打中他的后脑勺。上个月，那地区遭受洪灾。上个月

17、，那地区遭受洪灾。2.strike A.v.侵袭；爆发侵袭；爆发 B.v.击打击打 C.n.罢工；罢课罢工；罢课C如果他们提出的要求被拒，他们将号召举行罢工。如果他们提出的要求被拒，他们将号召举行罢工。()(1)Spain was an important military power in the 16th century.D西班牙在西班牙在16世纪是一个军事强国。世纪是一个军事强国。3.power A.n.控制力；影响力控制力；影响力 B.n.能力；力量能力；力量 C.n.动力；电力动力；电力 D.n.大国；强国大国；强国()(2)After the accident she lost t

18、he power of speech.()(3)The social power of the news report goes beyond their expectation.()(4)Many people are opposed to the use of nuclear power.B那次事故之后，她丧失了语言能力。那次事故之后，她丧失了语言能力。A这篇报道的社会影响力超出了他们的预期。这篇报道的社会影响力超出了他们的预期。C很多人反对使用核动力。很多人反对使用核动力。写作句型仿写写作句型仿写1.(P50)Mice ran out of the fields looking for

19、places to hide.老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所。老鼠跑到田外，寻找藏身之所。说明说明 现在分词表示现在分词表示主动主动，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作，所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时或同时或者几乎同时者几乎同时发生，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的补充说明。发生，是对谓语动词所表示的动作或状态的补充说明。句型句型 句子句子+(,)+doing sth(1)My father was seated at the table reading newspapers.(2)Being ill,Jane didnt go to work yesterday.(3)The fire

20、lasted about three days,leaving nothing valuable.1.我父亲坐在桌子旁边在看报纸。我父亲坐在桌子旁边在看报纸。2.由于生病，他昨天没去上班。由于生病，他昨天没去上班。3.大火烧了三天，所有有价值的东西都没留下。大火烧了三天，所有有价值的东西都没留下。2.(P50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！仿佛世界末日即将来临！句型句型 It seemed as if 似乎；好像似乎；好像说明说明 (1)从句表示的情况是从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生真实的或极有可能发生的，的，as if从句用从句用陈述语气陈述语气。(2)从句表示的情况是从句表示的情况是虚假的或不可能发生虚假的或不可能发生的，的，as if从句用从句用虚拟语气虚拟语气。讲现在讲现在用一般过去时态，用一般过去时态，be用用were；讲讲过去，则用过去完成时态。过去，则用过去完成时态。1.It seems as if it were spring already.2.It seemed as if you didnt want to tell us the fact.1.似乎已经是春天了。似乎已经是春天了。2.似乎你不想告诉我们真相。似乎你不想告诉我们真相。