Unit 3 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures （ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、英 语Section Discovering Useful Structures词汇认知词汇认知汉译英汉译英1.function n.功能功能;作用作用;机能机能vi.起作用起作用;正常工作正常工作;运运转转 2.battery n.电池电池 3.confirm vt.确认确认;使确信使确信 4.button n.按钮按钮;纽扣纽扣 5.file n.文件文件;文件夹文件夹;档案档案 词汇拓展词汇拓展6.press vt.按按,压压;敦促敦促pressure n.压力压力;压强压强;压迫压迫 语法图解语法图解现在完成时的被动现在完成时的被动语态语态 探究发现探究发现阅读下列句子阅读下列句子,注

2、意句中的画线部分注意句中的画线部分1.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.2.The floor hasnt been swept yet.3.Has your computer just been attacked by virus?4.How long have they been employed by the company?现在完成时的被动语态的构成为现在完成时的被动语态的构成为:have/has been done;其否定式为其否定式为:have/has not been done;一般疑问式一般疑问式:H

3、ave/Has+主语主语+been done?特殊疑问式特殊疑问式:疑问词疑问词+have/has+主语主语+been done?语法精析语法精析现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态一、用法一、用法1.现在完成时的被动语态与其主动语态一样现在完成时的被动语态与其主动语态一样,强调过去的动强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在,常与常与for或或since引出的时间状语连用。引出的时间状语连用。The task has already been finished.任务

4、已经完成了。任务已经完成了。The plan has been discussed for two hours.这个计划已讨论两个小时了。这个计划已讨论两个小时了。二、注意事项二、注意事项1.与一般过去时被动语态的区别与一般过去时被动语态的区别:一般过去时仅表示发生在一般过去时仅表示发生在过去的动作过去的动作,对现在无影响。对现在无影响。2.非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态,如如:buy,borrow,begin,finish,join,die等不能与表示一段时间的等不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。状语连用。3.带双宾语动词的句子变成被动语态时带双宾语动词的句

5、子变成被动语态时,一般把表一般把表“人人”的宾的宾语语(间接宾语间接宾语)变为主语变为主语,若将直接宾语变为被动句的主语若将直接宾语变为被动句的主语,间间接宾语前要加接宾语前要加to或或for。如动词为。如动词为give,send,pass,take等时常等时常加加to;动词是动词是buy,make,find等时常加等时常加for。4.带有复合宾语带有复合宾语,即即“宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”的动词的动词,其所在的句其所在的句子变为被动语态时子变为被动语态时,将宾语变为主语将宾语变为主语,原来的宾语补足语仍留原来的宾语补足语仍留在原处。主动语态中不带在原处。主动语态中不带to的动词不定式

6、做宾语补足语的动词不定式做宾语补足语,在在被动语态中要把被动语态中要把to加上。加上。5.有短语动词的句子变为被动语态时有短语动词的句子变为被动语态时,要注意保持短语动词要注意保持短语动词的完整性的完整性,不能遗漏短语动词的介词或副词。如不能遗漏短语动词的介词或副词。如:refer to,look after,listen to,laugh at,deal with,turn to,carry out,set up,think over等。等。The program was downloaded just now.这个程序是刚才下载下来的这个程序是刚才下载下来的。He has sent me

7、a card.(改为被动语态改为被动语态)I have been sent a card.A card has been sent to me.I have observed her enter the office.(改为被动语态改为被动语态)She has been observed to enter the office.The project has been carried out.这个工程已得到执行。这个工程已得到执行。即学即练即学即练把下列句子变成被动语态把下列句子变成被动语态(1)Weve planted many flowers this spring.Many flower

8、s have been planted this spring.(2)The boy hasnt sold out all the cakes.All the cakes havent been sold out.(3)The girl has passed him some paper.He has been passed some paper./Some paper has been passed to him.(4)I have heard him sing this song for a long time.He has been heard to sing this song for a long time.