Unit 5 Section Ⅲ 同步（ppt课件） -2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.ppt

1、Section Discovering Useful Structures过去分词作表语和状语过去分词作表语和状语一、过去分词作表语一、过去分词作表语1.过去分词作表语的意义过去分词作表语的意义【观察思考】You seem frightened.你看起来好像受了惊吓。The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。【探究总结】作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词,放在系动词be、get、feel、remain、seem、look、become等之后,说明主语所处的一种状态。【应用实践】单句语法填空。I had nothing to do.I was _(bore)and lonely

2、.Jack looked even more _(amaze)than he felt.答案答案:boredamazed2.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别【观察思考】The glass was broken.玻璃碎了。The glass was broken by Tom.玻璃是汤姆打碎的。【探究总结】(1)“be+过去分词”表示_时,是系表结构,此时分词通常已经形容词化。(2)“be+过去分词”表示_时,是被动语态,且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词_引出。(3)过去分词作表语,常位于系动词be、get、become、remain、turn等后面,表示主语所

3、处的状态或特征。状态状态动作动作by【应用实践】翻译句子。The library is closed._The library is often closed at 6:30 in the afternoon._3.过去分词与动词过去分词与动词-ing形式作表语的区别形式作表语的区别【观察思考】exciting令人激动的excited激动的 moving令人感动的moved感动的图书馆关门了。图书馆关门了。图书馆通常在下午图书馆通常在下午6:30关门。关门。astonishing令人吃惊的astonished吃惊的 disappointing令人失望的disappointed失望的 inter

4、esting令人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的【探究总结】英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其动词-ing形式表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉的”,多用来修饰物;其过去分词含有被动意义,即“人被引起某种感觉的”,多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。【应用实践】(1)单句语法填空。They were(frighten)to hear the sound.The results were very(disappoint).The audience were(move)by the players excellent performance.(2)单句改错。They were all amusing

5、 at what he said._He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won._The situation was a bit discouraged._答案答案:(1)frighteneddisappointingmoved(2)将将amusing改为改为amused将将exciting改为改为excited将将discouraged改为改为discouraging二、过去分词作状语二、过去分词作状语1.过去分词作状语的意义过去分词作状语的意义【观察思考】When asked why she was late

6、for class again,she hung her head in shame.当被问到为什么上课又迟到时,她羞愧地低下了头。Moved by the heroic deeds,the children couldnt help crying.孩子们被英雄事迹感动,情不自禁地哭了起来。Given more time,he would be able to do better.假如多给一些时间,他能够干得更出色。Laughed at by many people,he continued his research.尽管被许多人嘲笑,他还是继续他的研究。The teacher stood t

7、here,surrounded by the students.老师站在那儿,被学生围住了。【探究总结】(1)过去分词作状语多放在句首,也可放在句中或句末。(2)过去分词作状语时,可表示、方式或伴随等。(3)过去分词作状语,前面可以加上when、while、if、unless、once、as if、though等连接词,构成“连接词+过去分词”形式,分别表示时间、条件、方式或让步等意义。答案答案:(2)时间时间;原因原因;条件条件;让步让步【应用实践】句型转换。When they are seen from the sky,the cars look like ants.,the cars l

8、ook like ants.As he was caught in a heavy rain,he was wet to the skin.,he was wet to the skin.Once it is poured,water cannot be taken back.,water cannot be taken back.Though he was asked to stop,the excited speaker kept talking at the meeting.,the excited speaker kept talking at the meeting.The film

9、 star appeared,surrounded by a group of fans.The film star appeared surrounded by a group of fans.答案答案:Seen from the skyCaught in a heavy rainOnce pouredAsked to stopand he was2.过去分词与动词-ing形式作状语的区别【观察思考】【探究总结】(1)上面两组句子中,第一句都是动词-ing形式作状语,而第二句则都是过去分词作状语。(2)过去分词作状语时,与句子的主语构成逻辑上的关系,而动词-ing形式作状语时,与句子的主语构

10、成逻辑上的_ 关系。【应用实践】单句语法填空。_(dress)in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.主谓主谓动宾动宾_(give)time,hell make a first-class tennis player.When _(offer)help,one often says“Thank you.”or“Its kind of you.”_(see)from space,the earth,with water _(cover)seventy percent of its surface,looks like

11、a blue globe._(see)the cat,the mouse ran off.答案答案:DressedGivenofferedSeen;coveringSeeing3.注意事项注意事项【观察思考】If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.如果被抓,小偷会受到警方的处罚。If caught,the police will punish the thief.如果被抓,警方会处罚小偷。Her glasses broken,she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.眼镜坏了,她看不清黑

12、板上的字。Disappointed at the examination results,the girl stood there without saying a word.因对考试结果很失望,女孩站在那儿一句话也不说。【探究总结】(1)过去分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语应该与句子的主语一致,所以句正确而句不正确。(2)当过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时,过去分词可以有自己独立的主语,二者构成独立主格结构,如句。其结构:名词或代词的主格+过去分词。其功能:在句中作状语。其位置:句前、句中或句后。(3)有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied、surprised、interested、moved、worried、pleased、disappointed等,如句。分词作状语记忆口诀:分词作状语,主语是问题。谓语与分词,共有一主语。主语找出后,再来判关系。主动用-ing,被动用-ed。having done表先后,独立主格为特例。【应用实践】单句语法填空。(use)with care,one tin will last for six weeks.Our homework(do),we went home.答案答案:Useddone