2020届高考英语二轮复习语法专题训练：说明文 Word版含解析.docx

1、 - 1 - 完形填空专题完形填空专题 说明文说明文 A All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for a(n) 1 life,but any parent can tell you that its hard to let 2 of your children.That 3 between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be 4

2、.Years of experience means that parents often do know best,but 5 ,the young,being less bound by tradition,are often more 6 ,more able to find new solutions to old problems. 7 are led by the young. Good teachers make the growth of critical thinking easier in their students, 8 that this can lead to a

3、question of the teachers basic beliefs.Schools encourage parents to become 9 ,but are often embarrassed when parents have doubts about some of the educational methods being used.The rebellious(叛逆的) 10 are important in social development.They are not 11 representatives of those they want to 12 or not

4、 realistic about their demands, 13 their voices must be heard. Good parents know that just forbidding particular behavior does not prevent their children from finding ways to 14 in these forbidden activities. 15 ,sometimes the forbidden fruit is more 16 ,just because it is not accepted by 17 .Parent

5、s must work with their children to educate them 18 the facts,know as much as possible about the lives of their children,provide a good example,encourage more wholesome activities and 19 support their children when they dont follow 20 is expected of them.But the most important point is that they also

6、 need to learn how to let go. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉父母应该如何教育孩子从而让他 们健康独立地成长。 1.A.happy B.independent C.meaningful D.easy 答案:B 解析:考查形容词辨析。根据下文的“its hard to let 2 of your children”和“and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes”可推知,所有的父母都要为孩子的独 立人生做准备。 2.A.go B.drop C.alone D.fall 答案:A 解析:考查固定搭配。

7、由最后一段的“But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go.”可知,选 A 项。let go of 意为“放手”,为固定词组。 3.A.alternative B.difference C.balance D.definition 答案:C 解析:考查名词辨析。让孩子保持安全又可以从自己的错误中学习,这是一种艰难的 平衡(balance)。 4.A.heartbreaking B.heartbroken C.warm-hearted D.wholehearted - 2 - 答案:A 解析:

8、考查形容词辨析。这种平衡并不容易,有的时候让人心碎(heartbreaking)。 5.A.on one hand B.for one thing C.on the other hand D.in other words 答案:C 解析:考查固定搭配。根据“but”的提示可知,此处在讲事物的另一个方面。on the other hand“另一方面”,符合语境。 6.A.creative B.active C.passive D.unlimited 答案:A 解析:考查形容词辨析。根据空后的“more able to find new solutions to old problems” 可推知

9、,年轻人更具有创造性。creative“有创造力的”。 7.A.Destruction B.Revolutions C.Conversations D.Recognition 答案:B 解析:考查名词辨析。由上文的“the young,being less bound by tradition”和“more able to find new solutions to old problems”可推知,年轻人更具有创造性,会引领新的变革。 8.A.just to find B.only to find C.just to know D.only to know 答案:B 解析:考查不定式辨析。好

10、的老师培养学生的批判性思维,结果却发现这会对老师的 权威形成挑战。only to find“结果发现”。 9.A.linked B.attached C.included D.involved 答案:D 解析:考查形容词辨析。根据空后的“but are often embarrassed when parents have doubts about some of the educational methods being used”可推知,学校鼓励父母参与 (involved)孩子的教育活动。 10.A.young B.old C.middle-aged D.aging 答案:A 解析:考查

11、形容词辨析。根据上文的“the young,being less bound by tradition”可知,年 轻人不受传统束缚,往往比较叛逆,但他们对社会的发展却很重要。 11.A.frequently B.accidentally C.certainly D.necessarily 答案:D 解析:考查副词辨析。(这些叛逆的)年轻人并不一定是他们想要代表的那些人的代 表。not necessarily“不一定”,符合语境。 12.A.suggest B.represent C.imply D.respond 答案:B 解析:考查动词辨析。参见上题解析。“representatives”是

12、提示。 13.A.so B.and C.but D.then - 3 - 答案:C 解析:考查连词辨析。根据语境可推知,上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。 14.A.engage B.result C.persist D.believe 答案:A 解析:考查短语动词辨析。由“prevent their children from finding ways”可知,选 A 项。 engage in 意为“参与,从事”,符合语境。result in“导致”;persist in“坚持”;believe in“相 信”。 15.A.Anyhow B.However C.Indeed D.Somehow 答案

13、:C 解析:考查副词辨析。根据语境可知,此处是对一个事实的描述,故选 C 项,与下文的 “the facts”呼应。 16.A.confusing B.inviting C.astonishing D.shocking 答案:B 解析:考查形容词辨析。 根据常识可推知,禁果有时候的确诱人。 confusing“令人困惑 的”;inviting“诱人的”;astonishing“令人惊讶的”;shocking“惊人的”。 17.A.government B.organization C.authority D.agency 答案:C 解析:考查名词辨析。禁果诱人只是因为它不被权威(authori

14、ty)所接受。 18.A.at B.of C.on D.over 答案:C 解析:考查介词辨析。家长要和孩子一起学习,让孩子了解这些事实。educate sb.on sth.“教育某人了解某物”。 19.A.also B.too C.nor D.otherwise 答案:A 解析:考查副词辨析。“support”和上文的“know”“provide”和“encourage”等是逻辑上 的并列关系,鼓励并支持他们。also“也”,符合语境。 20.A.whether B.that C.which D.what 答案:D 解析:考查连词辨析。空处应用 what 引导宾语从句,在从句中做主语。此处表

15、示当 他们没有按照期望做事情时。故选 D 项。 B Children model themselves largely on their parents.They do so mainly through identification.Children identify 1 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 2 of that parent.The things parents do and sayand the 3 they do and say to themtherefore

16、strongly influence a childs 4 .Therefore,parents must consistently behave like the type of 5 they want their child to become. - 4 - A parents actions 6 affect the self-image that a child forms 7 identification.Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 8 will likely learn to see themselves

17、in a positive way.Children who observe chiefly 9 qualities in their parents will have difficulty 10 positive qualities in themselves.Children may 11 their self-image,however,as they become increasingly 12 by peer groups standards before they reach 13. Isolated(孤立的) events, 13 dramatic(戏剧性的)ones,do n

18、ot necessarily have a permanent 14 on a childs behavior.Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training.Children who know they are loved can, 15 ,accept the divorce of their parents or a parents early 16 .But if children feel unloved,they may interpret s

19、uch events 17 a sign of rejection or punishment. In the same way,all children are not influenced 18 by toys and games,reading materials,and television programs. 19 in the case of a dramatic change in family relations,the 20 of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it. 【语篇导读】本

20、文是一篇说明文。文章就家长对孩子影响的问题展开了论述。 我 们能从许多孩子的身上或多或少地看到他们父母的影子。 1.A.to B.with C.around D.for 答案:B 解析:考查介词辨析。 本题属于惯用搭配题,identify with在这里意为“认为同一,等同”, 即“孩子把自己假设成父亲或母亲”,所以 B 项正确。 2.A.informed B.characteristic C.conceived D.indicative 答案:B 解析:考查形容词辨析。informed“见多识广的”;characteristic “典型性的”;conceived “想象的”;indicati

21、ve “指示的,预示的”。characteristic of sb. “某人的特征”,符合“当他 们认为自己拥有属于父母特有的品质和情感时”这一语境。故选 B 项。 3.A.gesture B.expression C.way D.extent 答案:C 解析:考查名词辨析。 gesture“姿态,手势”;expression“表情”;way“方式”;extent“范围”。 只有 way 符合句意,即父母的言行方式。故选 C 项。 4.A.behavior B.words C.mood D.reactions 答案:A 解析:考查名词辨析。空格所在句意为“父母的言行举止,以及他们的言行方式对孩

22、 子的影响很大”,结合四个选项可知 A 项正确。 5.A.person B.human C.creature D.adult 答案:A 解析:考查名词辨析。person“人”;human“人类”;creature“生物”;adult“成年人”。结合 句意可知,A 项正确。 - 5 - 6.A.in turn B.nevertheless C.also D.as a result 答案:C 解析:考查副词辨析。上文谈到父母的言行对孩子的行为影响很大,这里谈到父母的 言行还影响孩子的自我形象,所以应使用表并列关系的词。故选 C 项。 7.A.before B.besides C.with D.th

23、rough 答案:D 解析:考查介词辨析。此处意为“孩子身份认同形成的自我形象”,只有 through(通过)符合句意,且文章第二句已给出提示。故选 D 项。 8.A.eyes B.parents C.peers D.behaviors 答案:B 解析:考查名词辨析。根据下一句中的“in their parents”可知 B 项正确。 9.A.negative B.cheerful C.various D.complex 答案:A 解析:考查形容词辨析。由上句话中的“positive”可以推测出此处应是其反义词,所以 A 项正确。 10.A.see B.seeing C.to see D.to

24、 seeing 答案:B 解析:考查固定搭配。have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”,是固定搭配,所以 B 项正确。 11.A.modify B.copy C.give up D.continue 答案:A 解析:考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为“然而,在他们 13 岁之前,由于他们越来 越于同龄人的标准,他们可能会自我形象”。modify“修改,更改”;copy“复 制”;give up “放弃”;continue“继续”。A 项最符合句意。 12.A.mature B.influenced C.unique D.independent 答案:B 解析:

25、考查词汇辨析。mature“成熟的”;influenced“被影响的”;unique“独一无二 的”;independent“独立的”。结合句意可知,B 项正确。 13.A.not B.besides C.even D.finally 答案:C 解析:考查副词辨析。本句的意思是“孤立的事件,富有戏剧性的事,都不一定会 对孩子的行为产生永久的”,由此可推知空格处应填入表示递进关系的词,所以 C 项正确。 14.A.idea B.wonder C.stamp D.effect 答案:D - 6 - 解析:考查短语搭配。 have a(n).effect on“对产生影响”,是惯用搭配,所以 D 项

26、正 确。 15.A.luckily B.for example C.at most D.theoretically 答案:B 解析:考查副词及短语。 此处举例说明孩子们如何利用已有的态度等理解某些事情。 故选 B 项。 16.A.death B.rewards C.advice D.teaching 答案:A 解析:考查名词辨析。 本句中 or 连接的两部分应是意义相似的令人不愉快的事,而在 四个选项中,与 divorce 相对应的词只有 death,所以 A 项正确。 17.A.as B.being C.of D.for 答案:A 解析:考查惯用搭配。interpret.as“把理解为”,是

27、惯用搭配,所以 A 项正确。 18.A.even B.at all C.alike D.as a whole 答案:C 解析:考查副词辨析。句意:不是所有的孩子都受到玩具、游戏、读物和电视节 目的影响。alike“同样地”,符合句意,所以 C 项正确。 19.A.Oh B.Alas C.Right D.As 答案:D 解析:考查副词辨析。as“正如”,符合句意,故选 D 项。A、B 两项是感叹词,后面 多用逗号,应排除;right 不符合句意,也应排除。 20.A.result B.effect C.scale D.cause 答案:B 解析:考查名词辨析。句意为“一次活动或经历对一个孩子的影

28、响取决于他/她如何 看待它”。result“结果”;effect“影响”;scale“刻度”;cause“原因”。故 B 项正确。 C Few Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.We 1 from the cities to the suburbs,from high school to college in a different state,from a job in one region to a better job 2 ,from the home where we 3 our children to the home where

29、we plan to live in 4 .With each move we are 5 making new friends,who become part of our new life. For many of us the 6 is a special time for forming new friendships.Today,millions of Americans go on vocation 7 in summer,and they go not only to see new sights but alsoin those places where they do not

30、 feel too 8 with the hope of meeting new people.No one really 9 a vacation trip to produce a close friend,but the beginning of a friendship is possible.Surely in every country people 10 friendship. - 7 - The word “friend” to American people can be 11 to a wide range of relationshipsto someone one ha

31、s known for a few weeks in a new place,to a close business companion,to a childhood playmate,to a man or woman,to a 12 colleague.There are real 13 among these relations for Americansa friendship may be 14 ,casual,situational or deep and lasting.But to a European,who sees only our surface behavior,th

32、e differences are not clear. As Europeans see it,all kinds of “friends” flow 15 of Americans homes with little ceremony.They may be parents of the childrens friends,house guests of neighbors,members of a committee,business associates from another town or even another country. 16 as a guest into an A

33、merican home,the European visitor finds no 17 differences.The atmosphere is 18 .Most people,old and young,are called 19 first names.Americans characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel 20 . 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。美国人一生总在迁

34、移,或为了上学,或因为工作, 还有的是因为退休后找个地方养老。如今,很多美国人喜欢夏季出国旅游,除了观光 还希望能开始一段友情。 1.A.drive B.commute C.move D.settle 答案:C 解析:由文章首句可知,几乎没有一个美国人一生只待在一个地方不动。他们从城市 搬到郊区,从中学到不同州的大学。move“移动”;drive“驾驶”;commute“上下班往 返”;settle“解决,定居”。 2.A.abroad B.elsewhere C.somewhere D.nowhere 答案:B 解析:为找到更好的工作从一地搬到另一地。elsewhere“在别处”;abroa

35、d“在国 外”;somewhere“在某处”;nowhere“无处”。 3.A.deliver B.protect C.educate D.raise 答案:D 解析:从养育孩子的家到计划退休居住的家。raise“提高,养育”;deliver“递 送”;protect“保护”;educate“教育”。故选 D 项。 4.A.retirement B.death C.illness D.sadness 答案:A 解析:从养育孩子的家到计划退休居住的家。故选 A 项。 retirement“退 休”;death“死”;illness“疾病”;sadness“伤心”。 5.A.mostly B.ma

36、inly C.rarely D.forever 答案:D 解析:随着每次移动,“我”们永远交新朋友。故选 D 项。forever“永远”;mostly“多半 地”;mainly“主要地”;rarely“几乎不”。 6.A.winter B.summer - 8 - C.spring D.autumn 答案:B 解析:由下文可知,今天,数百万美国人在夏季到国外度假。 因为夏天是一个度假的好 时候,所以对我们大多数人来说夏天是一个交友的特殊时候。 7.A.along B.freely C.together D.abroad 答案:D 解析:今天,数百万美国人到国外度假。 8.A.alone B.s

37、trange C.scared D.remote 答案:B 解析:他们在度假的地方遇见新朋友并不感到太奇怪。 9.A.allows B.desires C.expects D.imagines 答案:C 解析:没有人真正指望度假中会交到一个亲密的朋友。 10.A.form B.develop C.ignore D.value 答案:D 解析:当然每个国家都珍惜友情。 11.A.used B.applied C.stuck D.dedicated 答案:B 解析:对于美国人来说,“朋友”这个词可以应用在广泛的人际关系中。apply “应 用”;use “使用”;stick “卡住”;dedica

38、te “把用于”。故选 B 项。 12.A.kind B.generous C.trusted D.helpful 答案:C 解析:根据上文的“a close business companion”可推测此处表示一个可信赖的同事。 故选 C 项。trusted “可信的”;kind “和蔼的”;generous “慷慨的”;helpful “有益的”。 13.A.differences B.varieties C.richness D.diversities 答案:A 解析:对美国人来说上文提到的这些关系有真正的区分。difference “区分,不 同”;variety “种类”;richn

39、ess “丰富”;diversity “多样性”。故选 A 项。 14.A.informal B.reliable C.shallow D.fragile 答案:C 解析:一种有友谊可能是肤浅的,随便的,环境形成的或深厚的,永久的。shallow “浅 的”;informal “非正式的”;reliable “可靠的”;fragile “易碎的”。shallow 和 deep 相对, 故选 C 项。 15.A.in and out B.on and on C.by and by D.up and down 答案:A - 9 - 解析:正如欧洲人所看到的,各种各样的朋友进进出出美国家庭,毫无礼仪

40、可言。 故选 A 项。in and out “进进出出”;on and on “继续不停地”;by and by “不久,马上”;up and down “上上下下”。 16.A.Moving B.Flowing C.Going D.Coming 答案:D 解析:作为一个客人来到美国家庭,欧洲游客会发现没有明显的区别。故选 D 项。 17.A.obvious B.heavy C.explicit D.strong 答案:A 解析:考査形容词。欧洲游客会发现没有明显的区别。obvious“明显的”;heavy“重 的”;explicit“明确的”;strong“强壮的”。故选 A 项。 18.A

41、.weird B.stressed C.relaxed D.strange 答案:C 解析:考査形容词。 根据下文可知,此处表示气氛是放松的。 relaxed“放松的”;weird“怪 异的”;stressed“紧张的”;strange“奇怪的”。故选 C 项。 19.A.with B.on C.for D.by 答案:D 解析:考査介词。句意:多数人,不论老少,用名字称呼。因为是被动语态,故选 D 项。 20.A.at best B.at home C.at heart D.at hand 答案:B 解析:考査词组。美国人对不同类型关系的开放性特征,使我们感觉到和新朋友在一 起就像在家里一样。at home“在家”;at best“充其量”;at heart“内心里”;at hand“近在手 边”。故选 B 项。