2020江苏高考英语二轮培优（尖子生）限时检测： 阅读理解D篇增分练（二）.doc

1、高考资源网（ ） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网 - 1 - 专题限时检测专题限时检测(二十四二十四) 阅读理解阅读理解 D 篇增分练篇增分练(二二) (共 2 篇，限时 20 分钟) A The United Nations Climate Change Conference takes place next week in Poland. About 20,000 people from 190 countries are expected to take part in the conference. There, world leaders will debate how to

2、limit climate change the weather events linked to slowly rising temperatures on Earth. They will discuss ways to reduce carbon emissions (排放物) and other pollution which, scientists say, can give rise to long- term changes to our planet. For environmentalists, one area of concern is South Americas Am

3、azon rainforest. Brazil holds about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest. It is also the most biodiverse country on Earth, with more than 56,000 species of plants, 1,700 species of birds, 695 amphibians, 578 mammals, and 651 reptiles. Studies have shown that the Amazon takes in as much as 2 billion t

4、ons of carbon dioxide a year and releases about 20 percent of Earths oxygen. Scientists wonder whether the rainforest will be protected under Brazils next president, Jair Bolsonaro, who began to take office on January 1, 2019. Bolsonaro had said that his country should withdraw from the 2015 Paris A

5、greement. Under the agreement, most nations promised to reduce carbon emissions by 37 percent over 2005 levels by the year 2030. The president- elect claims a mandate (授权) from voters to develop land for agriculture and other purposes. He said that Brazils rainforest protection is standing in the wa

6、y of economic success. Scientists say deforestation is a major reason for climate change. Studies have linked rising temperatures to the destruction of forests. Scientists worry about the future of the Amazon. New Brazilian government records show the speed of deforestation has increased over the pa

7、st year. Carlos Nobre, a climate scientist at the University of S a o Paulo, told the Associated Press that it is almost impossible to say just how important the rainforest is to the planets living systems. Some scientists call the Amazon “the lungs of the planet”. They liken it to human lungs. Each

8、 tree takes in and stores carbon dioxide from the air around it. The trees also release the oxygen we need to live. The Amazon, the worlds largest rainforest, also creates weather. Billions of trees pull up water through their roots. Then the trees release water vapor into the air. The vapor forms a

9、 thick mist, made up of tiny drops of water. These water particles move up into the clouds and later return to earth as rain. Scientists estimate that the Amazon creates 30 to 50 percent of its own rainfall. During the election campaign, Bolsonaro promised to ease protection for areas of the Brazili

10、an Amazon set aside for native peoples and wildlife. He said that indigenous lands and nature reserves restrict economic growth.“All these reserves cause problems for development，”he said. The president- elect also talked about taking away the power of Brazils environmental ministry to enforce laws

11、for protecting the environment. 高考资源网（ ） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网 - 2 - Paulo Artaxo is a professor of environmental physics at the University of S a o Paulo. He said that if Bolsonaro keeps his campaign promises, then “deforestation of the Amazon will probably increase quickly and the effects will be fel

12、t everywhere on the planet” However, senator- elect Luiz Carlos Heinze, noted that farmers are not invaders (侵略者), but producers. He blamed the past administrations for supporting native rights at the expense of farmers. “Brazil，” he said，“will be the biggest farming nation on Earth during Bolsonaro

13、s years.” Scientists warn that if the Amazon and other rainforests lose too many trees, this could affect rainfall and global climate. Nobre and others estimate that the “tipping” point (引爆点) for the Amazon system is 20 to 25 percent deforestation. Without enough trees to support the rainfall, the l

14、onger and bigger dry season could turn more than half of the rainforest into a tropical grassland. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。众所周知，亚马孙热带雨林对整个地球的生态有着举足轻重 的作用。其中，约 60%的部分位于巴西。而 2019 年上任的巴西总统贾伊尔 波索那罗承诺为了 发展本国经济将允许农民砍伐更多的热带雨林树木，对此很多人感到忧心忡忡。 1What does the author say about the Amazon rainforest? AIt is home to more t

15、han 56,000 species of plants. BIt makes up about 60% of Brazils rainforests. CIt creates 30 to 50 percent of the worlds rainfall. DIt supplies about 20 percent of the oxygen to Earth. 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Studies have shown that the Amazon takes in as much as 2 billion tons of carbon dioxide a year

16、and releases about 20 percent of Earths oxygen.” 可知，亚马孙热带雨林为地球供应大约 20%的氧气。故选 D。 2. Why does Bolsonaro want to withdraw Brazil from the 2015 Paris Agreement? ABecause he thinks it impossible to achieve. BBecause it is against his promises to his voters. CBecause he thinks it will sacrifice Brazils ec

17、onomy. DBecause it will influence Brazils rainforest protection. 解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据第二段中提到的亚马孙热带雨林储存二氧化碳和释放氧气 的重要作用和第三段中的“Bolsonaro has said that his country should withdraw . He said that Brazils rainforest protection is standing in the way of economic success.”可知， 波索那罗想让巴 西退出 巴黎协定是因为这一协定要求巴西减少二氧化碳的排放，

18、这就意味着巴西要保 护好其境内的热带雨林，但波索那罗认为这种保护会阻碍巴西经济的发展。故选 C。 3. Which of the following statements may Carlos Nobre agree with? AThe significance of rainforests is to be re- evaluated. BThe value of rainforests can not be overemphasized. 高考资源网（ ） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网 - 3 - CIts unwise for Brazil to quit the 2015 P

19、aris Agreement. DIts wrong to link rainforests to the planets living systems. 解析： 选 B 细节理解题。 根据第五段中的“it is almost impossible to say just how important the rainforest is to the planets living systems”可知， Carlos Nobre 认为热带雨林对地球生命系统非 常重要。故选 B。 4. What is Luiz Carlos Heinzes attitude to Bolsonaros campa

20、ign promises? ADoubtful. BCritical. CFavorable. DConcerned. 解析： 选 C 观点态度题。 根据倒数第二段的内容尤其是“He blamed the past administrations for supporting native rights at the expense of farmers.Brazil，he said, will be the biggest farming nation on Earth during Bolsonaros years.”可知，Luiz Carlos Heinze 责备先前的巴 西政府为了保护

21、热带雨林地区而牺牲了农民的利益，而且他认为在波索那罗执政期间，巴 西会成为地球上最大的农业国家。由此可推知，他对波索那罗的承诺是持赞同态度的。故 选 C。 5. What will probably happen if Bolsonaros promises are carried out? ANative peoples shelters will no longer be protected. BBrazil will surely see a rapid increase in its economy. CLaws to protect the environment will be s

22、trengt- hened. DGlobal warming will worsen because of deforestation. 解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“if Bolsonaro keeps his campaign promises . the effects will be felt everywhere on the planet”和最后一段中的“Scientists warn that . global climate.”可知，如果波索那罗信守了他的承诺，即为了发展巴西的农业经济，允许农 民砍伐更多的树木，这可能会导致亚马孙的森林砍伐量迅速增加，进而对全球

23、气候产生影 响，全球变暖问题将会恶化。故选 D。 6Which is the most suitable title for this passage? AAre Brazils rainforests in danger? BWhat threats the Amazon rainforest? CWhy is the Amazon rainforest important? DWill Brazils rainforests survive climate change? 解析：选 A 标题归纳题。文章重点讲述 2019 年上任的巴西总统波索那罗承诺为了发展巴 西本国的经济要退出巴黎协定

24、，允许农民砍伐更多的热带雨林树木，这会对全球气候产 生恶劣影响。因此很多人对此感到担忧。故 A 项“巴西的热带雨林处于危险之中吗？”作 本文标题最佳。 B 高考资源网（ ） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网 - 4 - (2019 无锡模拟)Stars blazed (猛烈地燃烧) in the sky above Spook like a million tiny suns. They shone through the mists, which had during the last year become thinner and weaker. At first, he had th

25、ought the world itself was changing. Then he had realized that it was just his feeling. Somehow, by burning tin in his body for so long, he had permanently strengthened his senses to a point far beyond what other Allomancers could attain. The burned tin had begun as a reaction to Clubss death. Spook

26、 still felt terrible about the way hed escaped, leaving his uncle to die. During those first few weeks, Spook had burned his metals as almost a self- punishment hed wanted to feel everything around him, take it all in, even though it was painful, or perhaps because it was painful. But then hed start

27、ed to change, and that had worried him. But, the crew always talked about how hard Vin pushed herself. She rarely slept, using pewter (白镴) to keep herself awake and alert. Spook didnt know how that worked he was no Mistborn, and could only born one metal but he figured that if burning his one metal

28、could give him an advantage, hed better take it, because they were going to need every advantage they could get. The starlight was like daylight to him. During the actual day, he had to wear a cloth tied across his eyes to protect them, and even then going outside was sometimes blinding. His skin ha

29、d become so sensitive that each little stone in the ground felt like a knife jabbing (猛刺) him through the bottom of his feet. The cold spring air seemed freezing, and he wore a thick cloak (斗篷) However, he had concluded that these discomforts were small prices to pay for the opportunity to become wh

30、atever it was he had become. As he moved down the street, he could hear people turning over and over in their beds, even through their walls. He could sense a footstep from yards away. He could see on a dark night as no other human ever had. _. Always before, hed been the least important member of t

31、he crew the dismissible boy who served as a handy man or kept watch while the others made plans. He didnt feel annoyed with them for that theyd been right to give him such simple duties._. Because of his street dialect, hed been difficult to understand, and while all the other members of the crew ha

32、d been carefully picked, Spook had joined through the back door since he was Clubss nephew. Spook sighed, sticking his hands in his trouser pockets as he walked down the too- bright street. He could feel each and every thread of the cloth. Dangerous things were happening, he knew that: the way the m

33、ists lasted longer during the day, the way the ground shook as if it were a sleeping man, the periodically (周期性地) suffering a terrible dream. Spook worried he wouldnt be of much help in the critical days to come. A little over a year before, his uncle had died after Spook fled the city. Spook had ru

34、n out of fear, but also out of a knowledge of his lack of power._. He wouldnt have been able to help during the campaign. He didnt want to be in that position again. He wanted to be able to help, somehow. He wouldnt run into the woods, hiding while the world ended around him. He was sent to gather a

35、s much information as he could about the Citizen and his government there, and so Spook intended to do his 高考资源网（ ） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网 - 5 - best. If that meant pushing his body beyond what was safe, so be it. He approached a large crossing. He looked both ways down the intersecting (交叉的) streets th

36、e view clear as day to his eyes. I may not be Mistborn, and I may not be emperor, he thought. But Im something. Something new. Something people would be proud of. Maybe this time I can help._. 语篇解读：本文摘自美国奇幻小说迷雾之子 。文章讲述了 Spook 经过死里逃生之后下定决 心改变自己的故事。 7What is the real “change” according to Paragraph 1?

37、 AThe thinner and weaker mists. BThe changing world. CSpooks sensitive feeling. DAllomancers strengthened senses. 解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At first, he had thought the world itself was changing.”可知，起初他以为世界发生了变化，但是第一段第四句中的“he had realized that it was just his feeling”表明他意识到并不是这样，只是他自己的一种感觉而已。由此可知，真 正改变的是

38、 Spook 的感觉。 8Why on earth did Spook start burning tin? ATo make himself strong. BTo erase an emotional debt. CTo show his honor to Vin. DTo feel pain of his uncle. 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Spook still felt terrible about the way . die.”和 “burned his metals as almost a self- punishment”可知，他将燃烧锡看作对自己的一种惩罚

39、， 目的是消除自己内心的负罪感。 9. What does the example of Vin serve as in Paragraph 3? AA reminder of Spooks own pain. BAn encouragement to Spooks persistence. CA comparison for Spooks burning metal. DAn implication of Spooks own change. 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“hed started to change, and that had worried him” 可知，Sp

40、ook 意识到应该改变自己，但是这让他感到焦虑。本段第二句中的“how hard Vin pushed herself”可知，别人在他面前提及 Vin 是如何提升自己的，第四句中的“he figured that if burning his one metal could give him an advantage”可知，他认为如果燃烧一块金属能让他 获得优势，那他最好继续下去，因为他们需要可获得的各种优势，因此，提及 Vin 的做法 高考资源网（ ） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网 - 6 - 是为了激励 Spook 继续坚持下去。 10. What discomforts was

41、Spook suffering when moving down the street? The shining daylight that almost made him blind. The little stones that jabbed him like a knife. The cold spring air that seemed freezing. The sleepless people that turned over and over in their beds. The awakened awareness of being unimportant when keepi

42、ng watch. His street dialect that made him hard to understand. A B C D 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“His skin had become so sensitive that each little stone in the ground felt like a knife jabbing (猛刺) him through the bottom of his feet.”说明他 的皮肤很敏感， 路上的小石子对他来说也像刀刺一样， 与吻合。 本段最后一句话中的“The cold spring air seemed

43、 freezing”与吻合。这些都是他在街上行走的时候经历的不适，再结 合第五段中的“concluded that these discomforts were small prices”可知，A 项正确。 11. Where can the following sentence most probably be? “Perhaps hed find a way to become useful to the others.” A B C D 解析： 选 A 推理判断题。 根据第六段中的“hed been the least important member of the crew the d

44、ismissible boy who served as a handy man or kept watch while the others made plans” 可知，Spook 之前是最不起眼的一个成员，当别人制定计划的时候，他不过是个旁观者。 而本段中的“theyd been right to give him such simple duties”说明他被分配了一些小任务。所 以“Perhaps hed find a way to become useful to the others”应该是本段第一句话， 找到一种能让 其他人用得上他的方法，既是他自己内心的渴望，也是对过去的自己

45、的否定，且与下文衔 接紧密。 12. What can we learn about Spook from the article? AHes a guilty and weak nephew of the great Clubs. BHes a carefully- picked and most powerful member of the crew. CHes a proud and self- sacrificing handy man of the crew. DHes a strong- willed and outstanding Allomancer. 解析：选 D 推理判断题

46、。根据前五段可知，Spook 刚刚经历了死里逃生，从第一段中的 “Somehow, by . Allomancers could attain.”可知，Spook 已经成为一个优秀的人。从第 六段开始介绍他决定改变自己，成为一个能让其他人用得上他的人。第九段第一句说明他 高考资源网（ ） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网 - 7 - 下定决心不再像以前那样了，第二句中的“wanted to be able to help”是他的目标，第三句中 的“He wouldnt run into the woods . around him.”和第四句中的“so Spook intended to do his best”说明他在痛定思痛之后决定以全新的面貌展示自己。最后一段的最后三句是他对自己 的承诺和新要求，这些都表明他要改变自己的决心，说明他是一个意志坚定的人。故选 D 项。