过去分词与现在分词作状语课件.ppt

1、RevisionRevision 现在分词和过去分词作状语现在分词和过去分词作状语用分词改写下列状语从句：用分词改写下列状语从句：1.When the boy heard the exciting news,he jumped with joy.Hearing the exciting news,the boy jumped with joy.2.When he was asked about his family,he made no answer.Asked about his family,he made no answer.（一）、表示时间（一）、表示时间3.She didnt att

2、end the school because she was ill.Being ill,she didnt attend the school.4.Because he was badly injured,he had to be taken to the hospital.Badly injured,he had to be taken to the hospital.（二）、表示原因（二）、表示原因5.If you turn left,youll find the theatre.Turning left,youll find the theatre.6.I wont go to the

3、 party unless I am invited.I wont go to the party unless invited.（三）、表示条件（三）、表示条件7.Though he knows where I live,he never comes to see me.Knowing where I live,he never comes to see me.8.Though he wasnt invited,he still went to the party.Not invited,he still went to the party.（四）、表示让步（四）、表示让步1.She lay

4、 on the grass and stared at the sky.用分词改写下列并列句：用分词改写下列并列句：She lay on the grass,staring at the sky.2.He stood under the tree and waited for me.He stood under the tree,waiting for me.3.The teacher walked out of the classroom and was followed by his students.The teacher walked out of the classroom,foll

5、owed by his students.（五）（五）.表示方式和伴随表示方式和伴随1.The glass fell onto the ground,_(break)into pieces.2.What he said hurt his friend,_(result)in the quarrel between them.breaking resulting（六）结果状语（六）结果状语:（常在句末，用（常在句末，用doing,而不用而不用done，而且表示意料中的结果。）而且表示意料中的结果。）3.doing,done 作状语的区别：作状语的区别：1)Hearing the news,we

6、were happy.2)Heated,ice will change into water.doing作状语作状语,该动作和句子主语是该动作和句子主语是主动主动关系关系;done作状语作状语,该动作和句子主语是该动作和句子主语是被动被动关系。关系。1.分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。2.分词作状语时分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致主语一致。讨论总结得出：讨论总结得出：1.After I had finished my work,I went hom

7、e.Having finished my work,I went home.2.Because I had spent all night watching TV,I was very tired the next day.Having spent all night watching TV,I was very tired the next day.用分词改写下列状语从句：用分词改写下列状语从句：二、二、现在分词的一般式现在分词的一般式doing和完成和完成式式having done都可以表示先后接连都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式场

8、合应该用完成式having done表示表示先先发生的动作。发生的动作。总结得出：总结得出：试比较：试比较：Having eating his breakfast,Mr.Li went to work.吃完早餐之后吃完早餐之后,李先生就去上班了。李先生就去上班了。此句如果写成此句如果写成：Eating his breakfast,Mr.Li went to work.李先生边吃早餐边去上班。李先生边吃早餐边去上班。1.If weather permits,we will go outing.Weather permitting,we will go outing.2.After supper

9、was finished,we started to discuss the picnic.Supper finished,we started to discuss the picnic.用分词改写下列状语从句（三）用分词改写下列状语从句（三）三、分词三、分词(短语短语)作状语时作状语时,其逻其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用如果不一致，必须用独立主格结独立主格结构构来表示，也就是在分词前面加来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。上它的逻辑主语。总结得出：总结得出：Practice1.It _ a cold day,wed better put

10、 off the picnic and stay at home.A.Is B.was C.has been D.being2._,we have to do the work instead.A.He is ill B.As he being illC.He being ill D.His being ill四、分词的否定形式是在分词短语四、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上前面加上 not,never等否定词构成。等否定词构成。例如例如:Not knowing how to find the subway,I asked a policeman for help.我不知怎样找到地铁，就去找

11、警察帮忙我不知怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。Summary doing 和和done 不相同，不相同，doing 主动主动done 被动，被动，doing 进行进行done 完成；完成；无论无论doing 还是还是done,做状语时常句首；做状语时常句首；时间原因和条件，时间原因和条件，方式伴随与让步，方式伴随与让步，doing 还可表结果；还可表结果；用用done 还是用还是用doing,关键要看逻辑主；关键要看逻辑主；动作若在谓语前。动作若在谓语前。莫忘要用莫忘要用having done表否定时要记得，表否定时要记得，not 加在分词前。加在分词前。逻辑主语不相同，逻辑主语不相同，要用独立

12、格结构。要用独立格结构。分词作状语的特殊情况分词作状语的特殊情况1.常用的评论性状语常用的评论性状语.Generally/Strictly speaking一般严格来说一般严格来说Considering 考虑到考虑到Providing/Provided that 假定假定Supposing that.假定假定Judging from/by 根据根据判判 Compared with/to 和和比起来比起来1).1).一般来说，女人比男人更细心。一般来说，女人比男人更细心。Generally speaking,women are more careful than men.2).根据她所描述的，那

13、小偷一定是个可根据她所描述的，那小偷一定是个可怜的老头。怜的老头。Judging from what she described,that thief must be a poor old man.3).考虑到她的年龄，我们不得不将她考虑到她的年龄，我们不得不将她留在家里。留在家里。Considering her age,we had to leave her alone at home.2、来源于系表结构的过去分词表主动来源于系表结构的过去分词表主动,作状作状语时不能用语时不能用doing，这样的过去分词或短语，这样的过去分词或短语常见的有：常见的有：lost inseated inexci

14、ted about prepared forworried about faced withtired of dressed inborn in interested indressed in addicted tosatisfied with 等等 1、由于担心他的进餐礼仪，他决定一切按、由于担心他的进餐礼仪，他决定一切按照主人那样做。照主人那样做。_ _ his table manners,he decided to do everything as the host did.2、老师不停地点头，显然对我们的表现很、老师不停地点头，显然对我们的表现很满意。满意。The teacher ke

15、pt nodding,obviously _ _ our performance.Worried about satisfied withPractice3、由于沉溺于电脑游戏，他对学习失去了兴、由于沉溺于电脑游戏，他对学习失去了兴趣。趣。Addicted to computer games,he lost interest in study.4、由于出身贫穷，他十岁就辍学了。、由于出身贫穷，他十岁就辍学了。Born in a poor family,he quitted school at the age of 10.3、分词短语做状语时，前面可以分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，加

16、上连词或介词，但是分词短语和但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词句子之间不能用并列连词(如如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个并因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之间可用个状语部分，分词和主句之间可用逗号。逗号。试比较：试比较：If you work hard,youll catch up with me.Work hard,and youll catch up with me.Working hard,youll catch up with me.Working hard,and youll catch up wi

17、th me.但不可以说：但不可以说：条件状语从句条件状语从句并列句并列句简单句简单句2.She fell off the bike,_ her left leg.(break)3.I woke up in the morning,_the outside world greatly changed.(find)总结总结:to do和和doing 都可作结果状语，都可作结果状语，-ing 形式往往表示前面主句的结果，形式往往表示前面主句的结果，而而to do 表示意料之外的结果。表示意料之外的结果。breakingto find4.doing&to do作目的状语的区别：作目的状语的区别：1.从

18、塔顶上看，我们的城市显得愈发漂亮。从塔顶上看，我们的城市显得愈发漂亮。_(see)from the top of the tower,our city looks more beautiful.2.从塔顶上我们可以饱览城市的美景。从塔顶上我们可以饱览城市的美景。_(see)from the top of the tower,we can get a wonderful view of our city.3.为饱览城市的美景，我们爬上了塔顶。为饱览城市的美景，我们爬上了塔顶。_(get)a wonderful view of our city,we climbed to the top of t

19、he tower.SeenSeeingTo getHomework、从山上看，这个城市很美。、从山上看，这个城市很美。、他站在门口等着我的到来。、他站在门口等着我的到来。、一旦被翻译中文，这本书就会出版。、一旦被翻译中文，这本书就会出版。、由于不知道他的地址，我们不能联系。、由于不知道他的地址，我们不能联系。、看过那部电影之后，我写了一篇评论。、看过那部电影之后，我写了一篇评论。、今天是星期日，我可以在家好好休息。、今天是星期日，我可以在家好好休息。1.从山上看，这个城市很美。从山上看，这个城市很美。Seen from the hill,the city is very beautiful.2

20、.他站在门口等着我的到来。他站在门口等着我的到来。He stood at the gate,waiting for my arrival.3.一旦被译成中文，这本书就会出版。一旦被译成中文，这本书就会出版。Once translated into Chinese,this book will come out/be published.4.由于不知道他的地址，我们不能联系。由于不知道他的地址，我们不能联系。Not knowing where he lives,we cant keep in touch.5.看过那部电影之后，我写了一篇评论。看过那部电影之后，我写了一篇评论。Having watched the film,I wrote a comment.6.如果今天是星期天，我就在家好好休息。如果今天是星期天，我就在家好好休息。Today being Sunday,I would have a good rest at home.