中考语法讲精练10第十节非谓语动词1(2021英语中考)课件.pptx

1、2021年-2022年最新返回2021广州中考英语2021年-2022年最新返回第一部分 中考语法精讲精练第十节 非谓语动词2021年-2022年最新返回目英语01考点突破02非谓语动词与完成句子03提分巧练录04课堂小测05语言知识运用2021年-2022年最新返回考点突破考点突破动词不定式一般由动词不定式一般由“不定式符号不定式符号to+动词原形动词原形”构成构成,有的不定有的不定式不带式不带to。不定式的否定形式是。不定式的否定形式是“not to(do)”。如。如:He asked me to play chess with him.他让我和他一起下棋。他让我和他一起下棋。(带带to)

2、I saw a boy go across the road just now.我刚才看见有个男孩过了马路。我刚才看见有个男孩过了马路。(不带不带to)The teacher told me not to be late again.老师告诉我不要再迟到。老师告诉我不要再迟到。(否定形式否定形式)2021年-2022年最新返回考考点点1 动词不定式作宾语1.不定式作宾语的情况比较多不定式作宾语的情况比较多,但是一般情况下但是一般情况下,不定式只作不定式只作部分动词的宾语。经常接不定式作宾语部分动词的宾语。经常接不定式作宾语(即动词即动词+to do sth.结结构构)的动词有的动词有:2021

3、年-2022年最新返回begin to do sth.开始做某事开始做某事hope to do sth.希望做某事希望做某事learn to do sth.学习做某事学习做某事expect to do sth.期望做某事期望做某事want to do sth.想要做某想要做某wish to do sth.希望做某事希望做某事forget to do sth.忘记做某事忘记做某事like to do sth.喜欢做某事喜欢做某事decide to do sth.决定做某事决定做某事try to do sth.尝试做某事尝试做某事 continue to do sth.继续做某继续做某事事pref

4、er to do sth.更喜欢做某事更喜欢做某事2021年-2022年最新返回2.不定式也可以用来作某些形容词的宾语。常见的这类形容词不定式也可以用来作某些形容词的宾语。常见的这类形容词有有:be ready to do sth.准备好做某事准备好做某事be anxious to do sth.急于做某事急于做某事be able to do sth.能够做某事能够做某事be sure to do sth.一定做某事一定做某事be glad to do sth.高兴做某高兴做某事事2021年-2022年最新返回be sorry to do sth.难过做某事难过做某事be afraid to

5、do sth.害怕做某事害怕做某事be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事高兴做某事be willing to do sth.愿意做某事愿意做某事2021年-2022年最新返回3.不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。如不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。如:when to do(什么时候什么时候做做);how to do(怎样做怎样做);what to do(做什么做什么);why to do(为什么为什么做做);where to do(在哪儿做在哪儿做);which to do(做哪一个做哪一个)等等。等等。I dont know what to buy for my mother.(what to

6、 buy作作know的宾语的宾语)我不知道给妈妈买什么。我不知道给妈妈买什么。2021年-2022年最新返回()1.(2017广州广州,语法选择语法选择)And dont forget 1 good care of Grandma.A.takeB.takingC.to takeD.takes()2.(2015广州广州,语法选择语法选择)even though she didnt know how31 it,she decided to have a try.A.playedB.to playC.playingD.to playing CB2021年-2022年最新返回 考点考点2 动词不定式作

7、宾语补足语1.不定式用作宾语补足语不定式用作宾语补足语,也是在一些特定的动词之后。常也是在一些特定的动词之后。常接接“宾语宾语+宾补宾补”(即即:动词动词+sb.+to do sth.结构结构)的动词有的动词有:ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事请求某人做某事force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事允许某人做某事expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事期望某人做某事2021年-2022年最新返回invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事want sb.to do

8、 sth.想要某人做某事想要某人做某事tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事告诉某人做某事advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事help sb.(to)do sth.帮忙某人做某事帮忙某人做某事persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事permit sb.to do sth.准许某人做某事准许某人做某事warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事警告某人做某事2021年-2022年最新返回wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事希望某人做某事encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事鼓励某

9、人做某事order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事teach sb.to do sth.教导某人做某事教导某人做某事Joan asked Mary to speak first.(Mary在句中作宾语在句中作宾语,to speak补充说明补充说明Mary要做的事要做的事)琼请玛丽先说。琼请玛丽先说。2021年-2022年最新返回2.有些动词有些动词(一感二听三让四看一感二听三让四看)feel,hear/listen to,make/have/let,see/look at/watch/notice+sb./sth.+do,后用不定后用不定式作宾补时须省略式作宾补时须省略

10、to。但这种句式在变为被动语态时。但这种句式在变为被动语态时,to不能不能省略。省略。They make the students do too much homework every day.=The students are made to do too much homework every day.他们让学生每天做太多作业。他们让学生每天做太多作业。2021年-2022年最新返回()1.(2011广州广州,语法选择语法选择)He was always telling Harry 26 a new clock.A.to buy B.buyingC.boughtD.buy()2.(2020

11、广东广东,语法选择语法选择)I expect each of you 33 a kite that means something important to you.A.make B.to makeC.makingD.made B A2021年-2022年最新返回考点考点3 动词不定式作状语(2020语法选择考)不定式作状语不定式作状语,修饰动词修饰动词,用于表示行为的目的、结果、原用于表示行为的目的、结果、原因或条件等因或条件等,一般放在动词后面。一般放在动词后面。1.to do/so as to do(不能放在句首不能放在句首)/in order to do作目的状语。作目的状语。如如:I

12、 stay there to/in order to see what will happen.我待在那儿我待在那儿,以便看看会发生什么事。以便看看会发生什么事。To/In order to catch the early bus,he got up early.(此句不能用此句不能用so as to do)为了赶上早班车为了赶上早班车,他起得很早。他起得很早。2021年-2022年最新返回2.enough to do/tooto do结构。如结构。如:The boy isnt old enough to go to school.=The boy is too young to go to

13、school.小男孩太小了不可以去上学。小男孩太小了不可以去上学。3.形容词形容词(difficult,happy,glad,lucky,fortunate,surprised,angry,anxious,ready,quick,slow,cruel,clever等等)+to do。如。如:The question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。这个问题很难回答。2021年-2022年最新返回()1.(2020广州广州,语法选择语法选择)a sunny morning,David and his donkeys stop at a river 7.A.drin

14、kB.drinkingC.drinksD.to drink()2.(2019广州广州,语法选择语法选择)Today people use modern machines 1 at the sky.A.lookB.to lookC.lookingD.looked B D2021年-2022年最新返回()3.(2018广州广州,语法选择语法选择)Later,he came to Yanan 10 music at a college.A.teachB.taught C.teaching D.to teach()4.(2014广州广州,语法选择语法选择)Although they were laug

15、hing,one of these ladies would soon put her life in danger 27 her best friend.A.saveB.saved C.savesD.to save D D2021年-2022年最新返回 不带to的常用句型 考点考点42021年-2022年最新返回 Why dont you do sth.?为什么不做某事为什么不做某事?Why not do sth.?为什么不做某事为什么不做某事?Would/Could you please do sth.?请你做某事请你做某事,好吗好吗?Would/Could you please not

16、do sth.?请你不要做某事请你不要做某事,好吗好吗?had better(not)do sth.最好最好(不不)要做某事要做某事would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做某事宁愿做某事,也不愿做某事也不愿做某事prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事宁愿做某事,也不愿做某事也不愿做某事2021年-2022年最新返回考点考点5 动名词(2020语法选择考)1.动名词的基本形式和性质动名词的基本形式和性质(1)动名词是由动名词是由“动词原形加动词原形加-ing”构成构成,形式与动词的现在分形式与动词的现在分词相同。如词相同。

17、如:No smoking here.这里禁止吸烟。这里禁止吸烟。2021年-2022年最新返回(2)动名词兼有动词和名词的性质。动词的性质是可以带宾动名词兼有动词和名词的性质。动词的性质是可以带宾语和状语语和状语,组成动名词短语组成动名词短语;名词的性质是在句子中可以充当名词的性质是在句子中可以充当主语、宾语等。如主语、宾语等。如:She is fond of collecting stamps.(作宾语作宾语)她喜欢集邮。她喜欢集邮。Traveling abroad can be very exciting.(作主语作主语)出国旅行会是很激动人心的。出国旅行会是很激动人心的。2021年-20

18、22年最新返回2.常见的可接动名词的动词短语有常见的可接动名词的动词短语有:insist on(坚持坚持)think of(想到想到)dream of(梦想梦想)object to(反对反对)hear of(听说听说)look forward to(期望期望)feel like(想要想要)devoteto(致力于致力于)get/be used to(习惯于习惯于)2021年-2022年最新返回 be fond of(喜欢喜欢)be afraid of(害怕害怕)be tired of(厌烦厌烦)succeed in(成功成功)stop/keep/preventfrom(阻止阻止做做)depen

19、d on(依靠依靠)spendin(在在花费花费)be interested in(对对感兴趣感兴趣)be proud of(以以为骄傲为骄傲/自豪自豪)2021年-2022年最新返回()1.(2020广州广州,语法选择语法选择)But then,instead of 13,David picks up his books,and reads deep into the night.A.sleep B.slept C.sleeps D.sleeping()2.(2018广州广州,语法选择语法选择)Xian did not stop 6 and soon showed his talent.A.

20、practiseB.practisingC.to practiseD.practised B D 2021年-2022年最新返回非谓语动词与完成句子非谓语动词与完成句子在广州近五年中考完成句子中在广州近五年中考完成句子中,主要考查非谓语动词的动词主要考查非谓语动词的动词不定式和动名词这两种形式不定式和动名词这两种形式,分别在分别在2018、2019、2020 连续连续三年考查三年考查,属于高频考点。属于高频考点。2021年-2022年最新返回1.动词不定式动词不定式(1)动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语(5年年2考考)例例(2020广州广州)60.从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。从这里走到白

21、云山顶大约要花一小时。about an hour to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.【分析】【分析】此处考查固定句型此处考查固定句型:It takes some time to do sth.“做某事花费多少时间做某事花费多少时间”,动词不定式在句子中作主语动词不定式在句子中作主语,故答故答案填案填It takes;to walk。2021年-2022年最新返回(2)动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语(5年年1考考)例例(2019广州广州)58.我们还没有决定什么时候探望爷爷奶奶。我们还没有决定什么时候探望爷爷奶奶。We havent dec

22、ided our grandparents.【分析】【分析】此处考查疑问词与不定式连用作宾语此处考查疑问词与不定式连用作宾语,when to do 意为意为“什么时候做什么时候做”,故答案填故答案填when to visit。2021年-2022年最新返回2.动名词动名词动名词作介词宾语动名词作介词宾语(5年年1考考)例例(2020广州广州)57.凯特决定去社区工作凯特决定去社区工作,而不去度假。而不去度假。Instead of,Kate decided to work in the community.【分析】【分析】此处考查动名词作介词宾语此处考查动名词作介词宾语,介词介词of后接动词后接

23、动词-ing形式形式,故答案填故答案填going on holiday或或taking a vacation。2021年-2022年最新返回用所给动词的正确形式填空。用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Would you like (see)a film with us tonight?Sorry,I have to help my mother do housework.2.The teachers often tell us (swim)in the river.Its dangerous.3.My teacher doesnt allow us (eat)in the classroom.to

24、 eatnot to swim提分巧练提分巧练to see2021年-2022年最新返回4.Mrs.Green refuses (drink)cola.She doesnt want to get fat.5.Michael visits many websites (learn)about Chinese culture.6.He took off his expensive watch (hide)the fact that he was rich.7.Miss Chen,my dear English teacher,often encourages me (face)the chall

25、enges in my study.to faceto hideto learnto drink2021年-2022年最新返回8.Is it necessary for us (take)some photos before saving the old man?Yes,it is.We can protect ourselves if we do so.9.A lot of museums in China are worth (visit).If you have time,you can choose to go.10.He spent two hours (help)his mothe

26、r with housework last Sunday.helpingvisitingto take2021年-2022年最新返回一、语法点单句特训一、语法点单句特训()1.Ive just watched a TV programme about space.I hope on the moon one day.A.walk B.walkedC.walkingD.to walk()2.Lisa plans a new picture next week.A.draw B.to drawC.drawingD.drawn B课堂小测课堂小测 D2021年-2022年最新返回()3.More a

27、nd more teenagers have poor eyesight,so parents and teachers should take actions the situation from getting worse.A.stop B.stoppingC.stoppedD.to stop()4.Now the Chinese government has made laws wild animals.A.protectB.protectsC.to protect D.protected C D2021年-2022年最新返回()5.The Birdwatching Society go

28、es to Zhalong Nature Reserve the birds every year.A.to countB.countingC.countD.counts()6.Wang Lei is looking forward to the best high school in September.A.refusing B.playing C.readingD.entering D A2021年-2022年最新返回()7.The engineers will keep the project with the manager of the company.A.discuss B.dis

29、cussedC.discussingD.to discuss()8.The doctor warns Jack stop because it is bad for his health.A.to;smoking B.not;to smoke C.to;to smoke D.not to;smoking A C2021年-2022年最新返回()9.We are glad that traditional Chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing some diseases.A.knowB.to knowC.knowingD.known()1

30、0.the project as planned,they need to work two more hours a day.A.To finishB.FinishingC.FinishD.To be finished A B2021年-2022年最新返回二、小语篇特训二、小语篇特训语法选择语法选择Sometimes parents spoil(溺爱溺爱)their children too much,because they offer too much attention and try 1 all their wishes:They buy children all the toys

31、they want,the clothes they wish or the sweets they like.It is true that a good mother wants her child 2 happy.She also wants 3 as much time as possible with her child.Anyway,it is sometimes wise for mothers 4 their children much time alone,because he or she needs 5 his or her own personality(性格性格)wi

32、thout the influence of the others around.2021年-2022年最新返回()1.A.satisfy B.to satisfying C.to satisfyD.satisfied()2.A.beB.to be C.beingD.been()3.A.spend B.spent C.to spendD.spending()4.A.to leaveB.leavingC.leftD.leaves()5.A.create B.creates C.to creatingD.to create D A C B C2021年-2022年最新返回语言知识运用语言知识运用

33、语法选择语法选择Rosa hurried home from work.It 1 quite warm that day,and it hadnt rained since last week.She was worried 2 her tiny plants might have got too much sun.When she got to her building,she ran up the stairs,two at a time,up to 3 third floor.“Oh,you poor things!”thought Rosa when she saw even the

34、4 tomato plant looked hopeless.It just looked like a 5 one.Rosa got her watering bottle and began 6.She watered each pot until the water began to come out from the holes in the bottom.She made sure 7 plant got just enough water before she went to cook something 8.In the kitchen,Rosa bit into an appl

35、e and imagined that it was a big sweet tomato.Later she carried her dinner out to the balcony,which was also her secret little garden 9 many tomato plants.The roof of the apartment building kept the days hot sun away,cooling down the little plants.Rosa sat down 10 imagined taking her tomatoes to her

36、 friends at work.Just imagine how surprised 11 would be.They 12 why she had so many juicy tomatoes.Rosa watched her garden 13 until after dark.Then,she went inside and dreamed of running her own shop filled with green vegetables and baskets 14 her own garden.15 beautiful the dream was!2021年-2022年最新返

37、回()1.A.is B.was C.has beenD.will be()2.A.that B.whetherC.whenD.how()3.A.a B.an C.the D./()4.A.strong B.stronger C.strongestD.more strong()5.A.dieB.dead C.death D.deadly B C C A B2021年-2022年最新返回()6.A.work B.worked C.to workD.to working()7.A.oneB.noC.anyD.each()8.A.eatB.eaten C.eatingD.to eat()9.A.to growB.growing C.grown D.grow()10.A.butB.andC.or D.so B A D D C2021年-2022年最新返回()11.A.she B.they C.he D.it()12.A.wonder B.wondered C.would wonderD.have wondered()13.A.growing B.grew C.growD.grown()14.A.of B.on C.with D.by()15.A.What a B.What C.How a D.How D A C C B2021年-2022年最新返回