2020年中考英语语法非谓语动词课件.ppt

1、非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式形式和动词和动词-ed形式。非谓语动词在句中不能单形式。非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，不受主语人称和数的限制。独作谓语，不受主语人称和数的限制。非谓语动词既有动词性质（比如可以有自非谓语动词既有动词性质（比如可以有自己的宾语、状语等），又有非动词性质己的宾语、状语等），又有非动词性质（不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词等）。（不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词等）。非谓语动词是中考考点之一，主要考查动非谓语动词是中考考点之一，主要考查动词不定式和动词词不定式和动词-ing形式。形式。动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式可以在句中作主语

2、、宾语、宾语动词不定式可以在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语等。补足语和目的状语等。动词不定式由动词不定式由“to+动词原形动词原形”构成，有时构成，有时to可以省略。其否定形式为可以省略。其否定形式为“not+动词不定动词不定式式”。e.g.To learn English well is difficult.动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用常用it代替它作形式主语，而将真正的主代替它作形式主语，而将真正的主语语动词不定式后置，上面的例句常写为：动词不定式后置，上面的例句常写为：Its difficult to learn English

3、 well.考点一：作主语。考点一：作主语。形式主语代替动词不定式的常用句型形式主语代替动词不定式的常用句型为：为：Its+adj.+(of/for sb.)to do sth.或或Its+n.+(for sb.)to do sth.It takes sb.some time to do sth.。e.g.Its very nice of you to offer me a seat.Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.It was great fun to have a picnic there.1.Its nec

4、essary for us _ English well.(2018 湖南怀化湖南怀化)A.to learn B.learning C.learn 2.It often takes me two hours _ my homework in the evening.（2018 广西桂林）广西桂林）A.do B.doing C.to doAC3.Could I go swimming with my friend,dad?No,its very dangerous for you kids _ swimming without adults.(2018 广西河池广西河池)A.go B.going

5、 C.to go D.went4.Its very dangerous for us _ the mobile phone while crossing the street.(2018 湖南益阳湖南益阳)A.answering B.to answer C.answerCB5.Nowadays,its convenient and cheap for us _ a shared-bicycle.(2017昆明昆明)A.ride B.to ride C.flying D.to fly6.Mario,your mobile phone is ringing.Wait a minute.Its da

6、ngerous for us _ it while crossing the street.(2017四川南充四川南充)A.answering B.to answer C.answer D.answeredBB 考点二：作宾语。考点二：作宾语。只能跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有只能跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有agree,afford,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,offer,prepare,plan,promise,refuse,want等。等。注意：注意：在在find,think等后跟动词不定式作宾等后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用语时，常用it作形式

7、宾语，而将真正的宾作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语语动词不定式后置。动词不定式后置。e.g.I find it hard to get along with him.1.Tom,why have you decided _ Chinese folk music as a course?Because I like Chinese culture very much.（2018 广西百色）广西百色）A.take B.taken C.to take D.taking2.My two cousins decide _ a business together.(2018 甘肃武威甘肃武威)A.to star

8、t B.starting C.start D.startedCA3.Mr.Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided _ his own restaurant.(2018 上海中考上海中考)A.open B.opened C.to open D.opening4.What are you going to do tonight?I plan _ Days of Our Past.（2018 四川德阳）四川德阳）A.watch B.watching C.to watch D.watchedCC5.Vivian refuses _ her children

9、 to the weekend training centre for extra classes.(2017上海上海)A.to send B.sending C.sent D.sends6.We only planned _ the play for an hour,but in the end,we stayed for three hours.(2017天津天津)A.watch B.watches C.to watch D.watchedAC 7.Do you have any plans for the coming vacation?Sure.We decide _ Sansha i

10、n July.(2017重庆重庆A卷卷)A.visit B.visiting C.visited D.to visit8.Jack,why have you decided _ Chinese folk music as a courses.To learn more about Chinese culture.(2017江苏苏州江苏苏州)A.take B.taken C.taking D.to takeDD 考点三：作宾语补足语。考点三：作宾语补足语。1.一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，这类动词有这类动词有allow,advise,ask,call

11、,cause,encourage,expect,force,get,help,invite,need,order,prefer,remind,teach,tell,train,want,warn等。等。提示：提示：help跟的宾语补足语既可以是带跟的宾语补足语既可以是带to 的动词不定式，也可以是不带的动词不定式，也可以是不带to的动词不的动词不 定式。定式。e.g.Can you help the girl(to)move the chair?2.使役动词使役动词(如如make,let等等)及感官动词及感官动词(如如see,feel,hear,watch,notice等等)后跟动词后跟动词不

12、定式作宾语补足语时需省略不定式作宾语补足语时需省略to。注意在变为被动语态时要加上注意在变为被动语态时要加上to。e.g.I saw a young man enter the room.She was often heard to sing this song.1.Listen!Who is singing in the next room?It must be Sally.I often hear her _ there.(2018 贵州铜仁贵州铜仁)A.singingB.singsC.to sing D.singD2.Evans had a sore throat.His friend

13、advised him _ some hot water.(2018 辽宁盘锦辽宁盘锦)A.drinking B.to drink C.drink D.drank3.Our parents wont allow us _ in the river alone.（2018 云南）云南）A.swim B.to swim C.swimming D.swamBB4.Every morning,Tim often sees groups of middle-aged women _ in the square.（2018 甘肃兰州）甘肃兰州）A.dance B.to dance C.dincese D.

14、danced5.Our teacher often tells us _ in the river.Its dangerous.(2018 广西北部湾广西北部湾)A.not swim B.not to swim C.to swimD.swimmingAB6.My mother doesnt allow me _ outside too late on school nights.（2018 黑龙江绥化）黑龙江绥化）A.to stay B.stay C.staying7.The policeman warned the man _ after drinking.（2018 海南中考）海南中考）A

15、.not to drive B.to drive C.drivingAA8.Parents should always tell their kids _ with strangers.（2018 贵州黔南贵州黔南)A.not to talk B.not talking C.to not talk D.not talk9.Would you like to go swimming with me,Tom?Sorry,but our teachers always tell us _ in the river.(2018 湖北咸宁湖北咸宁)A.dont swimB.not swimming C.

16、not to swimD.to not swimAC10.They asked their son _ the bed last weekend.(2018 湖南岳阳湖南岳阳)A.to make B.making C.made11.It was raining.My father asked me _ raincoat.(2018 重庆重庆A)A.take B.takes C.took D.to take12.Harry invited me _ with him when his parents were out of town.(2018 天津天津)A.stay B.stayed C.st

17、aying D.to stayADD13.To keep children away from danger,we warn parents _ children at home alone.(2017湖北孝感湖北孝感)A.leave B.to leave C.not leave D.not to leaveD考点四：作定语。考点四：作定语。动词不定式可以作名词的定语；还可在某些句动词不定式可以作名词的定语；还可在某些句型中作定语，与所修饰的名词是动宾关系。型中作定语，与所修饰的名词是动宾关系。e.g.I havent had the chance to think yet.（作名词的定语）（

18、作名词的定语）提示：动词不定式作定语修饰名词且为动宾关提示：动词不定式作定语修饰名词且为动宾关系时，如果动词为不及物动词，后面要加上相系时，如果动词为不及物动词，后面要加上相应的介词。应的介词。e.g.Tina has no paper to write on.Id love to go hiking with you,but I have much homework _.If you dont go,_.(2018 四川达州四川达州)A.to do;so do I B.to do;nor will I C.doing;so will I D.do;neither am I B 考点五：作状语

19、。考点五：作状语。动词不定式作状语往往表示原因、目的、结动词不定式作状语往往表示原因、目的、结果等。果等。e.g.They were surprised to find that nobody was in the house.(表示原因表示原因)To get a good seat she arrived at the hall early.(表示目的表示目的)The boy is old enough to take care of himself.(表示结果表示结果)1.He often takes time _ summer holiday with his grandparents.

20、（2018 新疆阜康米泉）新疆阜康米泉）A.to spend B.spend C.spent D.spending2.Jim went to the library _ some science magazines yesterday.(2018 广西梧州广西梧州)A.borrow B.borrows C.to borrow D.borrowedA C 3.Chinese parents always try their best _ a good education environment for their kids.（2018 贵州贵阳）贵州贵阳）A.provide B.to provi

21、de C.providing4.I go to my grandparents home _ with their housework every Sunday.(2018 吉林长春吉林长春)A.help B.helped C.to help D.helpingB C 5.We set up this group _ disabled people like Ben Smith.(2018 黑龙江齐齐哈尔黑龙江齐齐哈尔)A.help B.to help C.helping6.You should do what you can _ your English,Li Ming.OK,I will.

22、Thank you,Ms.Hu.（2018 贵州安顺）贵州安顺）A.improve B.to improve C.improvingD.improvedB B 7.In order _ for the competition,my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.(2018 甘肃天水甘肃天水)A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late8.I got up early this morning _ my grandma at the airport.(

23、2018四川成都中考四川成都中考)A.to pick up B.picking up C.picked upAA9.Whenever we kids come over,Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us _ sure we dont break anything.(2017河南河南)A.make B.made C.to make D.makingC 考点六考点六1.had better，would rather，Why not.?，Will/Would you please.?,prefer to do rather than do等后

24、面接不带等后面接不带to的动词不定式。的动词不定式。e.g.To catch the early bus,youd better get up early tomorrow morning.2.动词不定式可以和疑问词动词不定式可以和疑问词what，which，how，where，when等连用，构成动词不定等连用，构成动词不定 式的特殊结构。式的特殊结构。e.g.Can you tell me where to buy a map?1.Excuse me.Do you know _?Sorry,I dont know,either.(2018 河南中考河南中考)A.how to check o

25、ut a book B.when will the concert begin C.that there is a bank near here D.how long the meeting would lastA 2.Nowadays,most people prefer to _ computer games rather than _ books.（2018 黑龙江绥化）黑龙江绥化）A.play;reading B.play;read C.playing;readingB3.Mr Wu has recommended many books.Have you decided _ first

26、?Yes.The Little Prince.(2018 江苏扬州江苏扬州)A.how to read B.which to read C.when to read D.where to readB4.Lets _ to the movies!Im sorry.I must _ my homework first.(2018 新疆新疆)A.going;do B.go;doing C.go;do D.going;doingC5.You look worried.Youd better _ your problem with others.Oh,yes._ a problem is like cu

27、tting it in half.(2018 甘肃天水甘肃天水)A.share,Sharing B.sharing,To share C.to share,To share D.share,Shared A6.The weather report says its going to have a shower this afternoon.It does?Wed better _ now,just in case.(2018 湖南长沙湖南长沙)A.to leaveB.leaving C.leave C动词动词-ing形式形式动词的动词的-ing形式由形式由“动词原形动词原形+-ing”构成，构

28、成，其否定形式为其否定形式为“not+动词的动词的-ing形式形式”。动词的动词的-ing形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语等。表语、定语、宾语补足语等。考点一：作主语。考点一：作主语。动名词作主语和动词不定式作主语，在很动名词作主语和动词不定式作主语，在很多情况下可以通用多情况下可以通用。e.g.Playing/To play computer games too much is bad for your eyes.You look worried.Youd better _ your problem with others.Oh,yes._ a

29、problem is like cutting it in half.(2018 甘肃天水甘肃天水)A.share,SharingB.sharing,To shareC.to share,To shareD.share,Shared A考点二：作宾语。考点二：作宾语。1.在初中阶段我们需要掌握的后跟动词在初中阶段我们需要掌握的后跟动词-ing形式作宾语的词语有形式作宾语的词语有dislike,consider,enjoy,finish,imagine,keep,mind,practice,suggest,give up,put off,keep on,be busy,have fun,be a

30、fraid of,be good at,be interested in,be used to,look forward to,feel like,thanks for等。等。2.有些及物动词（如有些及物动词（如like，love，hate，begin，start等）既可以跟动词的等）既可以跟动词的-ing形形式作宾语，也可以跟动词不定式作宾语，式作宾语，也可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意思上没什么差别。如：且意思上没什么差别。如：e.g.Do you like reading/to read?3.有些及物动词（如有些及物动词（如remember，forget，stop，try等）既可以跟动词的等

31、）既可以跟动词的-ing形式作宾语，形式作宾语，也可以跟动词不定式作宾语，但意义有别。也可以跟动词不定式作宾语，但意义有别。forget/remember to do sth.忘记忘记/记得要做某事记得要做某事forget/remember doing sth.忘记忘记/记得做过某事记得做过某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事停止做某事try to do sth.设法做某事设法做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事尝试做某事need to do sth.需要去做某事需要去做某事need doing 需要被做需要被做mean

32、 to do sth.打算去做某事打算去做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事意味着做某事used to do sth.过去常常做某事过去常常做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事习惯于做某事1.Do you still remember _ this group of friends in 2013?Yes.But I forget where I _ them.（2018 新疆阜康米泉）新疆阜康米泉）A.seeing；meet B.to see；met C.seeing；met D.seeing；meetingC 2.Bobs father cant sta

33、nd _ soap operas.He enjoys sports games on TV.（2018 甘肃兰州）甘肃兰州）A.watchB.to watch C.watchingD.watchedC 3.This afternoon were going to have an English class,remember _ your book.(2018 青海青海)A.to finish B.to bring C.bringing4.Would you mind _ down the music?Its too noisy.（2018 黑龙江绥化）黑龙江绥化）A.to turn B.tur

34、ning C.turnB B 5.Please stop _ and go out for a walk.Remember _ warm clothes.（2018 贵州黔南贵州黔南)A.to study;wearingB.studying;to wear C.to study;to wear D.studying;wearing6.Sam,dont forget _ the book to the library tomorrow.OK,I wont.（2018 广西贵港中考广西贵港中考)A.return B.returning C.returned D.to returnB D7.Can

35、you come to my birthday party tonight?Yes,Id love to.But I have to finish _ my English homework first.(2018 湖南湘西湖南湘西)A.doing B.to do C.does8.Sue practises _ the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.（2018上海中考上海中考)A.play B.played C.to play D.playingAD9.The traffic is terribly busy in the

36、 morning.Youd better avoid _ in the center of the city.(2018 湖北襄阳湖北襄阳)A.drive B.driving C.to drive D.driven10.Some people enjoy _ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.(2018南京南京)A.to send B.send C.sending D.sentBC11.We all look forward to _ you again soon.(2018 四川宜宾四川宜宾)A.see B.s

37、eeingC.seen 12.You can only keep the books for two weeks,Tom.Remember _ them on time.I will.(2018 湖南郴州湖南郴州)A.return B.returning C.to returnBC13.Remember _ some fruit when you come back.(2018 湖南邵阳湖南邵阳)A.buying B.to buyC.buy B14.Nowadays lots of products from China are very popular in the world.Yeah!M

38、any people can hardly avoid _ products made in China.(2017湖北黄冈湖北黄冈)A.to buy B.buying C.bought D.buyB 考点三：宾语补足语考点三：宾语补足语一些动词既可以接动词不定式又可接动词一些动词既可以接动词不定式又可接动词-ing形式，作宾语补足语的有区别形式，作宾语补足语的有区别。感官动词感官动词(如如see，watch，notice，hear，feel等等)后既可跟不带后既可跟不带to的动词不定式作宾的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以跟动词语补足语，也可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语补足语。前者表示

39、动作的全过程，后者表补足语。前者表示动作的全过程，后者表示动作正在进行。示动作正在进行。1.China has seen a trend(潮流潮流)of _ shared bikes since last year.(2017江苏盐江苏盐城城)A.ride B.riding C.take D.taking2.My favorite TV program is“Readers”.I think we should spend as much time as we can _ in our spare time.(2016海南海南)A.read B.to read C.reading B C 3.The show was so funny that it made everyone _ again and again.(2016山东济宁山东济宁)A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.to laugh C 考点四：作定语。考点四：作定语。e.g.The man standing there is my friend Look!There are some birds _ in the sky.They are very beautiful.(2015四川宜宾四川宜宾)A.to fly B.flyC.flying D.flownC