美国社会与文化--美国移民课件.ppt

1、Immigrations of USA2018/4/17Outline01History of American Immigration02Effects of Immigration03Problems in Immigration04Chinese Immigrants to American05Native American01History of American ImmigrationThe history of American Immigration America was originally inhabited for several thousand years by nu

2、merous American Indian peoples who had probably emigrated from Asia.European exploration and settlement from the 16th century began displacement of the Indians.The history of American Immigration American immigration history can be viewed in four epochs:the colonial period,Declaration of Independenc

3、e,the mid-19th century,and the start of the 20th century.Each period brought distinct national groups,races and ethnicities to the United States.The history of American Immigration 1、the Colonial Period For religious,political and economic reasons,tens of thousands of immigrants moved from Europe,ma

4、inly Britain to the new continent.Most immigrants landed along the east coast of the continent.And this is the beginning of the immigration.2、Declaration of Independence The settlers were dissatisfied with British colonialism,then the war of independence broke out.The victory of the war of independe

5、nce attracted more immigrants.The history of American Immigration 3、19th century There were two major events in nineteenth Century,the civil war and industrial revolution.So there was a great demand for more immigrants,most of whom were cheap labors.A large of immigrants from Europe suffering from f

6、amine and wars poured into the USA.The history of American Immigration 4、20th century In the 20th century，many skilled workers,professionals,and technicians immigrated to the United States.Most of them are from Germany and Great Britain.More recently,This phenomenon has pulled emigrants from develop

7、ing countries,including China,India,Pakistan,etc.02Effects of ImmigrationEffects of Immigration Social Economic Demographics Religious diversitySocialImmigration changed the fate of the United States.The three immigration waves in the history of the United States have had a profound impact on the fo

8、rmation of the personality of the American nation,which has enabled the United States to rise rapidly and become a world superpower in just over one hundred years.EconomicIn 2009,a study by the Cato Institute,a free market think tank,found that legalization of low-skilled illegal resident workers in

9、 the US would result in a net increase in US GDP of$180 billion over ten years.Immigrants were involved in the founding of many prominent American high-tech companies,such as Google,Yahoo,Sun Microsystems,and eBay.DemographicsImmigration increased the supply of U.S.labor.According to the U.S.Census

10、Bureau survey,immigration accounted for 13%,16%,and 18%of the U.S.total population,labor force,and SME owners,respectively,which contributed significantly to the labor market.Religious diversityAmerican religion has diversity,Immigration from South Asia and elsewhere has contributed to enlarging the

11、 religious composition of the United States.Islam in the United States is growing mainly due to immigration.Hinduism in the United States,Buddhism in the United States,and Sikhism in the United States are other examples.03Immigration ProblemsImmigration Problems US President Donald Trump has caused

12、outrage worldwide after he reportedly made racially charged comments about Haiti,El Salvador and African countries.He was in a meeting on immigration with lawmakers on Thursday when he asked why the US allowed people from shithole countries into the country.He was also reported as saying:We need mor

13、e people from Norway.The White House did not deny that Trump made the remarks.A spokesman said:“Certain Washington politicians choose to fight for foreign countries,but President Trump will always fight for the American people.”Racial Discrimination Racism in the United States has been widespread si

14、nce the colonial era.Legally or socially sanctioned privileges and rights were given to white Americans but denied to all other races.Racial stratification continues to occur in employment,housing,education,lending,and government.In America,the racial discrimination is everywhere,the racial conflict

15、 often happen,the black people used to be treated as slaves by white people,they often have the lowest salary,insurance and many unfair treatment.Nowadays,the racial discrimination isnt just between the white and the black,many other races in American are discriminated by the local people and they d

16、ont have right to protect themselves.Illegal Immigrants Estimates in 2015 put the number of unauthorized immigrants at 11 million,representing 3.4%of the total U.S.population.The majority of the illegal immigrants are from Mexico.The issue of illegal immigration has long been controversial in the Un

17、ited States.There is nothing new about the political and cultural tensions these migrations bring.Assimilation takes(at least)a generation,for obviousobvious reasons.Residents dislikedislike some of the consequences if they are directly affectedaffected by immigrant arrivals,or fear them.However,the

18、re is no evidence that illegal immigration increases the rate of crime in the United States.Americas Modern Immigrants Problem:Assimilation We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority.But what we have not yet learned is how to m

19、ake the process of Americanization work for all.It not means requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways;those things happenhappen pretty much onon their own,but as arguments about immigration hear uphear upthe campaign trail,we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilat

20、ion,about how to ensure that people,once outsiders,dont forever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers,or how best to securesecure the borderborder,and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have bee

21、n here for generations.It will have more impactimpact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest wareware of would-be Americans.And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.04Chinese Migration to AmericaChinese Migration to AmericaChinese Immigrants to Ame

22、ricaElaine Chao,the first Chinese American in U.S.history to be appointed to a Presidents CabinetHistory Since 1820,according to official records The California Gold Rush drew numerous Chinese in 1849 The number reaches 100,000 by 1880,distributed mostly on the West Coast Slowed down after 1880,halt

23、ed by related federal laws History And a second wave starts from the late 1970s to the present,following normalization of U.S.-Chinese relations and changes to U.S.and Chinese migration policies.Chinese immigrants are now the third-largest foreign-born group in the United States after Mexicans and I

24、ndians01,000,0002,000,0003,000,0004,000,00018501860187018801890190019101920193019401950196019701980199020002010Pop.Pop.Education&Employtment Chinese Americans are highly educated and earn higher incomes when compared to other groups in the United States Among American PhD recipients in fields relate

25、d to science and engineering,25%of the recipients are Chinese Most Chinese Americans work as white collar professionals in high tech fields Introduction of Chinese culture to American societyChinese RestaurantInfluenceInfluence Introduction of Chinese culture to American societyChinese Festival and

26、Traditions05Native American in MigrationNative American Who:Native American is also known as Indians.Where:There are over 500 federally recognized tribes within the U.S.,about half of which are associated with Indian reservations.The term excludes Native Hawaiians and some Alaska Natives.-wikiAt the

27、 beginning“The only good Indian is a dead one.”They said.Nowadays There still many problems nowadays;The social and economic conditions of Indians are probably worse than those of any other minority group.The unemployment rate in recent years has been as high as 45 percent.Health problems.Sowhat was she looking at？THANK YOU!