HYDRO-ELECTRIC-POWER-水力电力教学课件.ppt

1、HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER水力电力水力电力Lesson One1New Wordskineticevaporateswaterwheeldamturbineheaddistribution systemweirreservoirhookdecaying vegetation watershedmercury动力学的蒸发水轮机大坝水轮机水头配电系统堰水库钩子腐烂的植被分水岭、流域汞、水银2Traditionally thought of as a cheap and clean source of electricity,most large hydro-electric sche

2、mes being planned today are coming up against a great deal of opposition from environmental groups and native people.Sentence Explanations虽然传统上被认为是廉价和干净的电力能源，现代大多数计划中的大型水电站项目遭到环境保护组织和当地居民的强烈反对。1、增加“虽然”；2、being planned 分词短语做定语3The first use of moving water to produce electricity was a waterwheel on t

3、he Fox river in Wisconsin in 1882,two years after Thomas Edison unveiled the incandescent light bulb.1882年在威斯康星州福克斯河上一台水轮机第一次利用流水产生电力,即托马斯.爱迪生发明白炽灯后两年。1、翻译的语序；2、two years做定语修饰18824This resulted in a proliferation of small to medium sized hydro-electric generating stations distributed wherever there

4、was an adequate supply of moving water and a need for electricity.这导致小型和中型水电站的数量猛增，这些水电站分布在任何有充足的水力资源和电力需求的地方。1、翻译的断句；2、wherever做地点状语从句做地点状语从句5The majority of these power plants involved large dams which flooded vast areas of land to provide water storage and therefore a constant supply of electrici

5、ty.In recent years,the environmental impacts of such large hydro projects are being identified as a cause for concern.这些大型水电厂多数需要很大的坝，淹没大范围的土地以提供贮水区从而提供持续供应的电力。近年来，这样的大型水电工程对环境的影响受到普遍的关注。1、which引导的定语从句 2、to provide引导的不定式短语做目的状语6These factors are(1)the vertical distance through which the water falls,

6、called the head,and(2)the flow rate,measured as volume per unit time.The electricity produced is proportional to the product of the head and the rate of flow.The following is an equation which may be used to roughly determine the amount of electricity which can be generated by a potential hydro-elec

7、tric power site:POWER(kW)=5.9 x FLOW x HEAD In this equation,FLOW is measured in cubic meters per second and HEAD is measured in meters.这些因素是（1）水下落的垂直距离，称为“水头”；（2）流量，以每单位时间流过的水量表示。所产生的电力与水头和流量的乘积成正比。下面的公式可用来粗略地估计一个水电厂可以发出的总电力。POWER(kW)=5.9 x FLOW x HEAD 等式中FLOW单位是立方米每秒，HEAD的单位是米7High head plants wit

8、h storage are very valuable to electric utilities because they can be quickly adjusted to meet the electrical demand on a distribution system.有贮水的高水头电厂在电力应用中非常有价值。因为在电力系统中，它可以快速地调整到满足电力需求。1、翻译的断句；2、because引导的原因状语从句；8Power plants of this type may utilize a low dam or weir to channel water,or no dam a

9、nd simply use the run of the river.这类电厂使用低的坝或堰来引水，甚或没有坝只使用流水。Although pumped storage sites are not net producers of electricity-it actually takes more electricity to pump the water up than is recovered when it is released-they are a valuable addition to electricity supply systems.虽然抽水蓄能电厂不是电网中的生产者实际

10、上抽水消耗的电力比放水发出的电力要多但它们是电力供应系统中很有益的补充。1、带破折号的句式的翻译9Their value is in their ability to store electricity for use at a later time when peak demands are occurring.Storage is even more valuable if intermittent sources of electricity such as solar or wind are hooked into a system.它们的价值在于它们能够贮存电力在峰荷的时候使用。抽水

11、蓄能在系统中存在太阳能或风能这样的间断性的能源时用处更大。An Exercise10A few recent studies of large reservoirs created behind hydro dams have suggested that decaying vegetation,submerged by flooding,may give off quantities of greenhouse gases equivalent to those from other sources of electricity.If this turns out to be true,hy

12、dro-electric facilities such as the James Bay project in Quebec that flood large areas of land might be significant contributors to global warming.对大坝后的大型水库一些最近的研究认为，被淹没的腐烂的植被会释放大量与其他类型电厂释放的相同的温室气体。如果这是正确的，象魁北克的James Bay 这样淹没大面积土地的工程对温室效应有重大的影响。1、that引导的宾语从句；2、submerged by flooding 非限定性定语11The river

13、 downstream of the dam is also deprived of silt which fertilizes the rivers flood-plain during high water periods.大坝下游也缺少在丰水期可以肥沃河流下游平原的泥沙。1、which引导的定语从句12Bacteria present in decaying vegetation can also change mercury,present in rocks underlying a reservoir,into a form which is soluble in water.The

14、 mercury accumulates in the bodies of fish and poses a health hazard to those who depend on these fish for food.腐烂植被中的细菌也可能改变水库下面的岩石中的水银为一种可溶于水的形式。汞在鱼类的身体内聚集，形成一种对以这些鱼类为食物的居民健康的威胁。An Exercise13The future of hydro-electric power will depend upon future demand for electricity,as well as how societies

15、value the environmental impacts of hydro-electric power compared to the impacts of other sources of electricity.水电的未来依赖于未来的电力需求以及社会如何评价水电与其他电力资源相比对环境的影响。1、并列句14Translation Skill专业英语的文体特点1、专业术语、合成词、缩写词多、专业术语、合成词、缩写词多专业术语：如专业术语：如dams,reservoir，turbine 等等合成词：如合成词：如feedback,shutdown,breakdown缩写词：缩写词：AC：

16、alternating current 交流交流DC:direct current 直流直流GIS:gas insulated switchgear气体绝缘封闭组合电器气体绝缘封闭组合电器SCR:silicon controlled rectifier 可控硅整流器可控硅整流器15Translation Skill专业英语的文体特点2、广泛使用被动语句、广泛使用被动语句专业英语侧重描述与推理，重视客观性，为专业英语侧重描述与推理，重视客观性，为避免主观臆断的印象，很少采用一、二人称，避免主观臆断的印象，很少采用一、二人称，所以多使用被动语句。如：所以多使用被动语句。如：The first of

17、 many hydro electric power plants at Niagara Falls was completed shortly thereafter.16Translation Skill专业英语的文体特点3、长句多、长句多为了表达复杂的概念，并使之逻辑严密，结为了表达复杂的概念，并使之逻辑严密，结构紧凑，往往采用复杂的句式结构，句中包构紧凑，往往采用复杂的句式结构，句中包含多个从句短语，特别是非限定性短语，从含多个从句短语，特别是非限定性短语，从句、短语相互嵌套，从而形成复杂的长句。句、短语相互嵌套，从而形成复杂的长句。4、句子结构严谨，逻辑性强、句子结构严谨，逻辑性强专业

18、英语注重事实、结果的说明和原理的阐专业英语注重事实、结果的说明和原理的阐述。专业英语中常配有公式、表格和图形。述。专业英语中常配有公式、表格和图形。17Translation Skill专业词汇的特点1、本专业专有词汇、本专业专有词汇如：如：dam,reservoir,turbine substation,relay protect2、多专业共有词汇、多专业共有词汇power:电力（电力）、动力（动力）电力（电力）、动力（动力）condenser:调相机（电力）、冷凝器（动力）调相机（电力）、冷凝器（动力）transmission line:传输线（电信）、输电线（电力）传输线（电信）、输电线

19、（电力）GIS：气体绝缘封闭组合电器（电力），地理信息系：气体绝缘封闭组合电器（电力），地理信息系统（地理）统（地理）18Translation Skill专业词汇的特点3、普通词汇、普通词汇如：如：parameter 参数参数 component 部件、控件、分量部件、控件、分量 frequency 频率频率 current 电流、当前的电流、当前的 针对针对2、3两种情况，翻译时必须考虑所翻译两种情况，翻译时必须考虑所翻译的专业方向，上下文选择正确的含义。的专业方向，上下文选择正确的含义。19Translation Skill专业英语翻译的要求阅读与翻译的区别：阅读的技巧：猜测词义，略去不重要的修饰语，分析句子的主体结构（主谓宾），快速阅读（掌握主要信息）等阅读的核心任务：准确理解原文含义，用英语思维翻译的要求：基本要求：完整准确地表达原文的内容基本原则：准确、通顺、简练最高境界：信、达、雅20Translation Skill专业英语翻译的要求准确准确的表达原文的内容，不能有错误，不能随意增删通顺语句通顺，符合汉语的表达习惯简练在准确、通顺的基础上力求文字表达简洁。一般采用直译，必要情况下采用意译。21The End22