原创构词法课件.ppt

1、构词法构词法Grammar:Grammar:合成合成(Compounding)派生法（派生法（Derivation）【前缀【前缀/后缀】后缀】转化法（转化法（Conversion）【词性转换】【词性转换】Classify:pathway freedom darkest place Frustration lock everyday riverside loneliest合成词合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词有两个或更多的词合成一个词):转化词转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性将一种词性转化成另一种词性):派生词派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):e

2、veryday pathway riversidefrustration darkest loneliest freedomlock place加前缀：加前缀：happy-happy-_happyhappy 加后缀：加后缀：develop-develop-developdevelop_既加前缀又加后缀：既加前缀又加后缀：employ-employ-_employemploy_unmentunment1.1.前缀前缀:（含义）（含义）Pre-pre-record,prepay,pre-heatRe-rewrite,reconsider,reuse=before.之前之前Preserve,preh

3、istoric,precaution重新重新dis-（不不）disagree,dislike,disappearmisunderstand,misleadmis（错误或失当错误或失当）miniskirt,minibussupermarket,supermansuper-（超级）（超级）mini-（微小）（微小）in/im-（不）（不）incorrect impossibleUnable,unexpected,unhealthy,unnecessaryun (不，否定）不，否定）foretell,forecastpost(之后之后)postwar,post-readingfore-(前，预先前，

4、预先)semicircle,semi-finalsemi-(半，部分半，部分)antiwar,anti-Japanese waranti-(阻止，抗阻止，抗)underground,underwearunderline,underestimateunder-developedunder-（在（在下，下，少于，不足）少于，不足）1.1.名词后缀名词后缀 ：-er-or-ist-mentteacher,workervisitor,sailor scientist,pianist,naturalistdevelopment,movementgovernment,department行为，机构行为，机

5、构人，人，家家-ityability,possibility fragility,fertility性质，情况，状态性质，情况，状态-hood时期，情况时期，情况childhood,brotherhood-ion/tion/sion/ation行为，情况行为，情况action,solution,conclusionrelaxation,interpretation-ness情况，性质情况，性质carefulness,carelessnessfriendliness -ship 2.2.形容词后缀：形容词后缀：-ous-ful-able,-ible-less-ant,-ent-ary-al-iv

6、e 有有.的，的，属于属于的的dangerous,humorous具有具有的的helpful,careful可以可以.的的comfortable,acceptable,avoidable,responsible具有某种性质的具有某种性质的important,excellent倾向于倾向于的的secondary,temporary 无无的的colourless,harmless,useless与与有联系的有联系的financial,expressional,表示某种可能性的表示某种可能性的Sensitive,competitive,impressive,protective,secretive3

7、.构成副词的词缀：构成副词的词缀：-ly-wards地，表方式地，表方式 quickly,softly,yearly向向朝朝backwards,forwards4.构成动词的后缀构成动词的后缀-en使使.的的blacken,broaden,darken,sadden,sharpen,soften,strengthen对比：对比：en-en-前缀前缀使使.发生发生,放入放入enable,endanger,enrich,enclose-fy化，做化，做simplify,beautify,uglify,clarify,satisfy转化法（转化法（ConversionConversion）taste

8、n.味道v.尝起来It has a good taste.It tastes very good.record n.记录记录v.记录记录He broke the record.He lies to record something while reading a book.1.That man was_enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.careB.carefulC.carelessD.carelessness2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his_ i

9、s heavier than Mount Tai.A.die B.dead C.died D.death3.The child looked_at his brother who was badly wounded.A.Sadly B.sadness C.sadly D.sad4.He is an expert at chemistry.We all call him a _.A.Chemistry B.chemical C.chemist D.physician5.The doctors advice_him from drinking and smoking.A.Encouraged B.

10、couragedC.encouragementD.discouraged6.Stephenson became the_railway engineer in the world.A.lead B.leaderC.leading D.leadership7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked_about at his classmates.A.proudB.proudlyC.pride D.pridely8.To everyones _，the girl finished the

11、job quite well.A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction9.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it _.A.intendB.intentionC.intentionallyD.intentional10.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a_smile.A.practiceB.practise C.practicalD.practiced11.The_ordered him to pay a$100 fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgeD.judgement12.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the_news about Iraq War?A.latelyB.latest C.later D.latter13.The Great Wall is more than 6000liin _.A.longerB.length C.longD.longing14.To my _，I passed the exam easily.A.joyB.joyful C.joylessD.joyness